25 research outputs found
Unification of Design Decisions on the Basis of Average Distribution of Probabilities and Introduction of Isolated Areas for Elements of Products Described by Structured Multiple Modules
Analytical approach to the design of technological complexes and preparation of production, taking into account self-organization of database structures and control procedures, is considered; the classification and coding of functional technological modules during their unification, which are the basis for modern methods of digital production preparation, are proposed
Π‘ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ² ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ Π±Π°Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ ΠΈ Π°Π΄Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ ΡΠ΅Ρ Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ
It is proposed that the design and production of individual elements of parts and products as a whole be carried out from the standpoint of operation and monitoring of its condition, both in traditional and additive manufacturing using the modular principle in engineering and technology. The way of unification of design decisions for the design of the product, equipment and technological and metrological equipment during its manufacture is discussed, to ensure, regardless of the type of production (single, serial, mass), the transition from standard and group to modular technologies. The basics of basing theory are updated taking into account the revision of the existing description from theoretical mechanics by means of the position of three coordinate points; to go to a new description from the theory of machines and mechanisms by depriving a subject of basing degrees of freedom (mobility) in a technical system (design, technological, measuring). It is shown how the design of the technology for manufacturing the product and measuring its characteristics is carried out in a system that includes equipment and equipment as mechanisms, the closing link of which are basing objects.ΠΡΠ΅Π΄Π»Π°Π³Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ»ΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ½Π³Π° Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π² ΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΌ, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ Π² Π°Π΄Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π΅ Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΠΏΠ° Π² ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠ±ΡΡΠΆΠ΄Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΡΡ ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ, ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ² ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ, Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²Π½Π΅ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΡ ΡΠΈΠΏΠ° ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π° (Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅, ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠ΅, ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΅) ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΎΡ ΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΠΈ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΠΊ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠΌ. ΠΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Ρ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ Π±Π°Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ° ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΊΠΎΠΎΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊ; Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΊ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ½ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ° Π±Π°Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄Ρ (ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π²ΠΈΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ) Π² ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ (ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΎΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ, ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ, ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ). ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡ Π² ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΎΡΠ½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠ², Π·Π°ΠΌΡΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠΌ Π·Π²Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ
ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ Π±Π°Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ° ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π° ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΉ
The shortcomings of the traditional description of mechanical engineering product are shown, which are based on technological features oriented to single, typical and group operations of the technological process. It was proposed to represent the design of product and its parts with a structured set of relevant technological modules, in the form of a graph of hierarchical structure. The numerical characteristics of the structure of the graph of product, its levels, nodes, branches are considered. The description of the structures of products by a hierarchical graph at the first level makes it possible to identify the functional technological modules of products and, on their basis, to construct a unified classification and to suggest coding products, both for production objects and operation. Representation of parts by a set of modules allows identifying surface modules, working and binding, and on their basis to build a single classification of parts focused on different stages of the product life cycle. The presence of a unified methodological base allows managing the development of constructively complex products, minimizing duplication in the creation of new designs and effectively developing resource-saving technologies for their manufacture.ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Ρ Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, Π² ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Ρ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΈ, ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π½Π° Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠ΅, ΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΈ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°. ΠΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ ΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΉ, Π² ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ Π³ΡΠ°ΡΠ° ΠΈΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ. Π Π°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ Π³ΡΠ°ΡΠ° ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ, Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ΠΉ, ΡΠ·Π»ΠΎΠ², Π²Π΅ΡΠ²Π΅ΠΉ. ΠΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ Π³ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠΌ Π½Π° ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ Π²ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΡ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΈΡ
ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠΈΡΡ Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΡΡ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π°, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ»ΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊΡΠΏΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ Π²ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ, Π±Π°Π·ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅, ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅, ΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΈΡ
ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠΈΡΡ Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΡΡ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°Π»Π΅ΠΉ, ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°ΠΏΡ ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠΊΠ»Π° ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π±Π°Π·Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΉ, ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈ ΠΊ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΡΠΌΡ Π΄ΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π² ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±Π°ΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ±Π΅ΡΠ΅Π³Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ·Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π· Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΠΏΠ° ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π±Π°Π·Ρ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ Π°ΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ ΡΠ΅Ρ Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²
The main shortcomings of modern technological machine-tool complexes are shown. They are: the lack of consideration of individual consumer needs and their insufficient flexibility that do not take into account the trend of rapid changes in the production program. A concept for the development of metal-cutting machine tools based on the principles of the modular technology is proposed. The created machine tool complexes are designed to satisfy the individual needs of consumers, while the flexibility of production equipment should ensure the transition to the manufacture of new parts and the replacement of the technological processing scheme by changing the processing modes, readjustment and reconfiguration of machines; the development of machine tools should be carried out simultaneously with the improvement of the technology of processing parts. Technological complexes should be created by the layout synthesis using the element base that should contain two groups of functional modules, technological and service, and the service purpose of the machine should include the range of both the manufactured surface modules with their characteristics and the modules of technological support.ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Ρ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ², ΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΌ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΡΡ: ΠΎΡΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ° ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π·Π°ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΈΡ
Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½Π°Ρ Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΊΠΎΡΡΡ, Π½Π΅ ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅Π½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡ Π±ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΡ. ΠΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΆΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΊΠΎΠ², Π±Π°Π·ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΠΏΠ°Ρ
ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ. Π‘ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π²Π°Π½Ρ ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π·Π°ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ, ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΌ Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΊΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ Π½Π° ΠΈΠ·Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΡ
Π΅ΠΌΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ, ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π°Π»Π°Π΄ΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΊΠΎΠ², Π° ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Ρ ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°Π»Π΅ΠΉ. Π’Π΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π²Π°ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΎΠΌ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π±Π°Π·Ρ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°ΡΡ Π΄Π²Π΅ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΉ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ»ΡΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ
, Π° ΡΠ»ΡΠΆΠ΅Π±Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΊΠ° Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ·Π³ΠΎΡΠ°Π²Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡΡ
ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ Ρ ΠΈΡ
Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ»ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ² ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠ° ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Ρ Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ Π² ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΈΠΊΠ»Π΅ ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ
On the basis of technical and economic analysis of the properties of relations between design and technological solutions, a method for the integral assessment of production manufacturability by combining individual manufacturability coefficients at different stages of the product life cycle is suggested. Separate coefficients take into account the influence degree of various constituent stages on the labor intensity of production and maintenance, repair and disposal of the product structure. Design and technological solutions in design systems imply the use of properties such as reflexivity, symmetry and transitivity. As a result, it is proposed to understand the properties set of the product design that determine its adaptability to achieve optimal costs in production and disposal for specified quality indicators and work conditions. A list of manufacturability coefficients of manufacturing a product design has been determined, including coefficients of purchase, repeatability of details and connections, material hardness, borrowing, typing, precision, roughness, mass. An examination of the effectiveness assessment the use tools, equipment and other objects of the technological environment at the stages design and technological production preparation is formalized. The examination includes an analysis of the frequency and duration of the meeting of structural parts elements and the tools state at the stages of their manufacture, operation and disposal.ΠΠ° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎ-ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ² ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΎΡΡΠΊΠΎ-ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π½Π° ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ°ΠΏΠ°Ρ
ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠΊΠ»Π° ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ. ΠΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΡ ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½Ρ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ°ΠΏΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΡΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ΅ΠΌΠΊΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ»ΡΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΠ° ΠΈ ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ. ΠΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΎΡΡΠΊΠΎ-ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°ΡΡ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ², ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ, ΡΠΈΠΌΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π½Π·ΠΈΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ. Π ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊΡΠΏΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ² ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ, ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π·Π°ΡΡΠ°Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΠΈ ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
Β ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΈ ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΉ Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡ. ΠΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈΠ·Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΠΏΠ°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ, ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΄ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π°, Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, ΡΠΈΠΏΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ, ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΡ
ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈ, ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡ. Π€ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠ·Π° ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ², ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ² ΠΎΡΠ½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Ρ Π½Π° ΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΎΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π°. ΠΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠ·Π° Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅Ρ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π²ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΡΡΠ°ΠΏΠ°Ρ
ΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ·Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ»ΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ
Π‘Ρ Π΅ΠΌΡ Π±Π°Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΉ Π² ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ°Ρ Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠΊΡΡΡΡΡ Π±Π°Π·
The updated provisions of the basing theory and the updated composition of the bases are given: installation, guide, support, double guide, double support, and triple support. Base combinations form five sets, each of which can be implemented using explicit or hidden bases or their combinations. It is shown that basing an object with sets of hidden bases causes the greatest difficulties, and a feature of basing an object with hidden bases is determining the position of reference points using the contact points of the object, implemented by the installation elements. When basing an object with a hidden base, the position of the reference point is determined by a self-centering mechanism using the points of contact with the basing object. Various schemes of constructive solutions for basing and fixing objects in sets of hidden bases in self-centering mechanisms are considered.Π‘ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ Π³ΠΈΠ±ΡΠΈΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠ΅, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ Π°Π΄Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅, Π°ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ Π±Π°Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π² Π±Π°Π·: ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½Π°Ρ, Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡΠ°Ρ, ΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΠ½Π°Ρ, Π΄Π²ΠΎΠΉΠ½Π°Ρ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡΠ°Ρ, Π΄Π²ΠΎΠΉΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΉΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΠ½Π°Ρ. ΠΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π±Π°Π· ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠΉ ΠΈΠ· Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ Π±ΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡΡ
ΡΠΊΡΡΡΡΡ
Π±Π°Π·, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ. ΠΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ Π±Π°Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ° ΡΠΊΡΡΡΡΠΌΠΈ Π±Π°Π·Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°, ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ
ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ. ΠΡΠΈ Π±Π°Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ° ΡΠΊΡΡΡΠΎΠΉ Π±Π°Π·ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΌ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ° Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌ Π±Π°Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ. Π Π°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π²ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΡ
Π΅ΠΌΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π±Π°Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² Π² Π³ΠΈΠ±ΡΠΈΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΠ· ΡΠΊΡΡΡΡΡ
Π±Π°Π· Π² ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ°Ρ
SYSTEMOLOGY OF OBJECTS AND PROCESSES IN DIGITALIZATION OF THE LIFE CYCLE OF ENGINEERING PRODUCTS
Π‘ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ, ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΈΡ
ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ. ΠΡΠΈ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π΅ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ½ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΡΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π² ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΉ. Π ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡ
ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ, ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ»ΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ, Π° ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°ΠΏΡ ΠΈΡ
ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠΊΠ»Π° Π½Π΅ Π·Π°ΡΡΠ°Π³ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ. Π ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»Π°Π³Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ, ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π²ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΡΡΠ°ΠΏΠΎΠ² ΠΈΡ
ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠΊΠ»Π°. ΠΠ»Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ°ΠΏΠΎΠ² ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠΊΠ»Π° ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½Π° ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ: ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ-ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ², ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ
ΠΊΡΠΎΠΌΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ², ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΈΡΡ Ρ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌ Π·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ²; ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ, ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ
Π΄Π²ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°, ΡΠΈΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Ρ ΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΠΈ; Π° Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΡ. Π¦Π΅Π»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ Π² ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ-ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΡ
. = The main methods of classification and coding in mechanical engineering are studied from the systemic point of view, their main characteristics are considered. When analyzing the systemology of classification of machines of various functional purposes, the absence of a unified methodological approach in constructing the classification and in coding the products is shown. In the existing classifications, products are considered constructively only as objects of operation, and the other stages of their life cycle are not affected. As a result of the system analysis, a unified methodological approach is proposed for constructing classifications, coding and unification of products for various functional purposes, reflecting the features of all stages of their life cycle. For the production stages of the life cycle, a system of classifications using various coding methods is considered: a description of structural and technological elements formed by the tool edges, a sequence of numbers, taking into account signs; a description of the surfaces formed by tool movements, in numbers, indicating the directions of feed movements; and to describe complex-profile surfaces and a combination of long-range elements, their combination is used. The expediency of using each of the classifications in real production conditions is determined by the statistics of use of structural and technological elements and surfaces, as well as of tools that form them