Особенности конструкции термической печи с барабанным механизмом перемещения заготовок

One of the most energy-intensive industries is ferrous metallurgy. The metallurgical sector in industrially developed countries is reducing its specific energy consumption per one ton of products by approximately 1.0 - 1.5 % per annum. In Russia, obsolete technology is the main reason for the high-energy intensity of industrial product. Energy saving in industrial production is associated with production technology and the scope of fuel and energy resources consumption. Therefore, ways to improve energy efficiency focus on reducing energy consumption of any kind during a specific process in a specific process or thermal unit. Ensuring the economical operation of furnace units requires detailed preliminary and verification analyses, upgrading and introduction of state-of-the-art equipment. The study presents a flow diagram and features of thermal operation of a new drum-type chamber furnace for heating metal products for quenching. The technical parameters of the furnace, the results of the thermo-technical analysis, the heat balance and the specific fuel consumption as applicable to the created design are also presented. The flow diagram of the furnace has significant advantages in terms of the energy efficiency of fuel as compared to the roller and conveyor methods of metal transportation. Placing blanks on the drum significantly reduces the complexity of their transportation. Thanks to its small length the proposed design is compact and easy to place in a workshop. The use of a recuperative fuel burning device allows the efficient use of the heat of waste gases in the heating process. The proposed design and method of products transportation in the furnace working space can be used for the heat treatment of bars, pipes, strips, as well as rolled steel of various shapes. © 2021 National University of Science and Technology MISIS. All rights reserved

Analys of the methodical pepper on Chelyabinsk Pipe Plant for heating storage

The paper considers the heat work of the heating furnace located at the Chelyabinsk Pipe Rolling Plant. The resulted heat balance of the existing heating furnace, as a result of the analysis, revealed shortcomings in the work of the furnace. Measures have been proposed to eliminate the identified shortcomings.В работе рассмотрена тепловая работа нагревательной печи ТПЦ № 1 ОАО «ЧТПЗ». Приведен тепловой баланс существующей конструкции нагревательной печи, в результате анализа которого выявлены недостатки в ее работе. Кроме того, предложены мероприятия для устранения выявленных недостатков. Приведены ожидаемые результаты проведения реконструкции систем и способа транспортировки металла

The improving of the construction of chamber furnace

A scheme of new design and features of the thermal operation of a drum-type chamber furnace for heating metal products for quenching and tempering are presented. The technical characteristics of the furnace, the results of heat engineering calculation are given.Представлены схема новой конструкции и особенности тепловой работы камерной печи барабанного типа для нагрева металлических изделий под закалку и отпуск. Приведены технические характеристики печи, результаты теплотехнического расчета

ANALYSIS OF RING FURNACE FOR HEATING BILLETS ON CHELYABINSK PIPE ROLLING PLANT

This article considers the analysis of thermal performance annular heating furnace located at the Chelyabinsk Pipe Rolling Plant. There are problems arising from the operation of the furnace, given the purpose of the reconstruction of its systems and components. During the analysis of the existing system identified and suggestions for solving these drawbacks.В работе произведен анализ тепловой работы кольцевой печи для нагрева трубных заготовок ОАО «ЧТПЗ». Проанализированы проблемы, возникающие при работе печи. В ходе анализа выявлены недостатки существующей системы утилизации тепла и предложены мероприятия для решения данных недостатков. Приведены ожидаемые результаты проведения реконструкции печных систем и узлов

ЗАВИСИМОСТЬ ДЕФОРМАЦИОННОГО СОСТОЯНИЯ ПЛЕНОК GaAs НА ВИЦИНАЛЬНЫХ ПОДЛОЖКАХ Si(001) ОТ СПОСОБА ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ ПЕРВЫХ МОНОСЛОЕВ ПРОСЛОЙКИ GaP

A significant dependence of the strain state of GaAs film lattice grown by molecular−beam epitaxy (MBE) on the nucleation method of early GaP buffer layers (50 nm) on the vicinal substrate Si(001) 4° around the <011> axis was discovered. GaP growth started layer−by−layer with a gallium or a phosphorus sublayer. If GaP nucleated with a gallium sublayer, the GaAs film has a significant lattice rotation around the <011> axis. If the buffer starts forming with a phosphorus layer the GaAs film evidently rotates around the <001> axis. The film relaxation degree ex- ceeds 100%, and the film is in a laterally strained state. Analysis was carried out using the triclinic distortion model. A reciprocal space scattering map was obtained using X−ray diffraction in a three−axis low resolution setup. The map clearly shows that the GaAs film lattice is rotated.Выявлена существенная зависимость деформационного состояния кристаллической решетки пленок GaAs, выращенных методом молекулярнолучевой эпитаксии от способа зарождения первых слоев прослойки GaP (50 нм) на вицинальной подложке Si(001) 4° вокруг оси <011>. Рост GaP начинался послойно с галлиевого или фосфорного подслоя. Установлено, что в случае зарождения GaP с галлия, пленка GaAs имеет значительный поворот кристаллической решетки вокруг направления <011>. При фор- мировании прослойки с фосфорного подслоя заметен поворот пленки GaAs вокруг <001>. Степень релаксации пленки составляет более 100 %, она находится в латерально растянутом состоянии. Анализ проведен с использованием модели триклинных искажений. Представлена карта рассеяния в обратном пространстве, полученная с помощью рентгеновской дифрактометрии в трехосевой схеме малого разрешения. На карте явно виден факт поворота кристаллической решетки пленки GaAs.

Investigating the thermal work and construction of annular furnace on “chelyabinsk pipe-rolling plant” pjsc to improve heat technical indicators of its work

High performance of rolling and tube rolling mills, good quality of finished metal products can be obtained by heating metal billets with minimal oxidation and decarburization in heating furnaces. Such conditions can be provided by annular furnaces, which are widely used in the rolling production of pipes, railway wheels and tires. High-quality heating allows us to obtain the structure of metal products with given thermal and working properties, as well as the plasticity necessary for subsequent mechanical processing. In this paper, we consider thermal engineering features of the operation of an annular furnace for heaŧing billets before rolling at “Chelyabinsk Tube Rolling Plant” PJSC (ChTPZ). The problems arising during the operation of thermal unit were analyzed: High specific fuel consumption for billets heating; high temperatures of walls external surfaces and roof external surfaces; low heating rate of the billet; large amount of air leaks into the furnace working space. Also design of gas-burning devices does not provide the possibility of regulating gas supply in a large range of loads, up to a periodic complete shutdown. And thermal energy of waste gases is practically not used. Metal heating has been analyzed and annular furnace heat balance has been compiled. Analysis of the results of computational studies has revealed factors that reduce energy efficiency of the existing furnace design. The measures were proposed for its modernization in order to reduce fuel consumption and to increase productivity (use of fibrous refractory materials, regenerative burners, non-water-cooled partitions, etc.). To assess impact of the proposed measures, the furnace heat balance after its systems reconstruction and assembly has been compiled, the main indicators of the furnace heat operation have been determined. When implementing proposed measures, significant economic effect is expected, including improvement in quality of metal heating while reducing fuel consumption and increasing productivity of the unit. In particular, after furnace reconstruction it is expected to increase the total (by 18.1 %) and heat (by 31.0 %) efficiency of the furnace, and to decrease (to 48.3 kg conditional fuel/ton) specific fuel consumption. © 2019, National University of Science and Technology MISIS. All rights reserved

Heat exchange block for regenerative burner

Modern regenerative burners for heating and thermal furnaces have rather larger sizes and small heat exchange period time that is connected with a low thermal capacity of the refractory materials applied to production of a nozzle. Considerable decrease in the sizes of nozzle and increase in heat exchange period time can be reached by using the hidden warmth of metals melting, which can be placed in the closed thin-walled reservoirs. In addition, the paper propose section design and a heat exchange unit enable to solve the problem of reducing the size of regenerative unit and increase the time of the swap, compared to existing regenerators that are used for air heating in regenerative burners. The proposed design can be used to create regenerative burners, a new class of highly effective, high temperature air preheating, and considerable time of swap. Such reservoirs, in which temperature of metal melting is equal, are packed in the sections. The next sections’ melting temperature differs approximately by 100 °C. It allows to maintain the fixed section temperature, which is equal the temperature of metal melting in this section, and removing from its surface or giving it, by products of combustion, warmth, which sets out in case of crystallization or is absorbed when metal kernel melts. Calculation of the swap time and the metal mass in one section, based on the joint solution of equations of heat balance and heat transfer between the heated air and the surface of tanks, allows to determine the overall dimensions of each section, filled with melting or crystallizing metal and its heat exchange surface. Fusible kernel mass, sizes of section and heat exchange period time calculations for regenerative block consisting of ten sections with a fusible kernel is given in this work. Calculation proves a possibility of decrease in dimensions of a regenerative nozzle for a 200 kW burner, and increase in heat exchange period time, while air heating temperature remains constant. The technical solution can be used in a thin-walled container in which are placed the metals with different heat of fusion. Large size regenerative burners hamper their use in heating and thermal furnaces, and fast parecidos leads to a decrease in period of operation of the changeover valve. © 2017, National University of Science and Technology MISIS. All rights reserved