337 research outputs found
Theory of enhancement of thermoelectric properties of materials with nanoinclusions
Based on the concept of band bending at metal/semiconductor interfaces as an
energy filter for electrons, we present a theory for the enhancement of the
thermoelectric properties of semiconductor materials with metallic
nanoinclusions. We show that the Seebeck coefficient can be significantly
increased due to a strongly energy-dependent electronic scattering time. By
including phonon scattering, we find that the enhancement of ZT due to electron
scattering is important for high doping, while at low doping it is primarily
due to a decrease in the phonon thermal conductivity
Microstructural evolution of layered K-doped RuCl<sub>3</sub> during annealing traced by thermogravimetric analysis and 3D electron diffraction
Nanoscale phase separation was induced in the K-doped RuCl3 van der Waals material by annealing, and studied with the goal to find a natural design strategy for the formation of two-dimensional architectures as an alternative to the costly and time-consuming experimental artificial growth methods. Phase conversion was traced by means of thermogravimetric analysis combined with mass spectrometry. The local crystal structure of co-existing K3Ru2Cl9 domains with the sizes of about 100 nm was solved by 3D electron diffraction.</p
Π¦ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΈ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠ΅Π½ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π² Π³ΡΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΊΠ°Ρ
[For the English abstract and full text of the article please see the attached PDF-File (English version follows Russian version)].ABSTRACT The article depictures approaches to building a new model of interaction and system optimization of business processes based on the use of digital technologies at all stages of shaping the value chain of products and services that provide the creation of an information platform for digital economy. The methodical foundations of formation of the evidence base for development of digital logistics and introduction of legally significant electronic data exchange in the organization of rail transportation are considered. Keywords: digital technologies, freight transportation market, electronic document management, information system of organization of relations with customers of the holding Russian Railways in the field of freight transportation, losses in the transport sector.Π’Π΅ΠΊΡΡ Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π½Π° Π°Π½Π³Π». ΡΠ·ΡΠΊΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈ Π½Π° Π°Π½Π³Π». ΡΠ·ΡΠΊΠ΅ Π½Π°Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡ Π² ΠΏΡΠΈΠ»Π°Π³Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ°ΠΉΠ»Π΅ ΠΠΠ€ (Π°Π½Π³Π». Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ).Π ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π±ΠΈΠ·Π½Π΅Ρ-ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ Π½Π° Π²ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΡΡΠ°ΠΏΠ°Ρ
ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΡΡΠ»ΡΠ³, ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ. Π Π°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π±Π°Π·Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ Π²Π½Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π° Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π² ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠΊ
ΠΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°: ΠΎΠΏΡΡ Π½Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π³Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΉ
Nowadays, companies traditionally use economic capital and follow the interests of profit-making by shareholders or financial structures. However, recently there has been a tendency to analyze non-financial factors affecting equity. Multicapitalism is a doctrine that studies the impact of social, environmental, and economic indicators on equity. The subject of the study is the Chinese oil and gas companiesβ sustainable growth. The paperβs purpose is to consider the interdependence of non-financial indicators with the Higgins Sustainable Growth Rate (SGR) and the Ivashkovskaya Sustainable Growth Index (SGI). The primary task is to solve the problems faced by China oil and gas companies regarding the introduction of non-financial reporting. The methodological basis of the study is a regression analysis of the influence of non-financial factors on sustainable growth indices. The authors analyze the impact of non-financial factors EROI, PRP, ES, ROEenv, ROL, ROEsr on the China oil and gas companiesβ SGR and SGI. It is shown that non-financial indicators show a stronger correlation with SGR than SGI. The studyβs main conclusion is that there is a significant positive correlation between individual non-financial indicators and sustainable growth indices. The practical application of the obtained research results is seen in the development of non-financial reporting of oil and gas companies in China by including indicators EROI, PRP, ES, ROEenv, ROL, ROEsr to assess the work of sustainable growth of the enterprise.Π Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠ°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π» Π² ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Ρ
ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ±ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π΅ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ. ΠΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ Π² ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄Π½Π΅Π΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²ΠΈΠ»Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΡ, Π²Π»ΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΊΠ°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π». ΠΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ β ΡΡΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠΈΠ½Π°, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ°Π΅Ρ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
, ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ Π½Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π». ΠΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΡΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ°ΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π½Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π³Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΉ. Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈ β ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΡ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ Ρ ΠΈΠ½Π΄Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ° Π₯ΠΈΠ³Π³ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ° (Π΄Π°Π»Π΅Π΅ β SGR) ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Π΄Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ° ΠΠ²Π°ΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ (Π΄Π°Π»Π΅Π΅ β SGI). ΠΠ°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π·Π°Π΄Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ, Ρ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΊΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ Π½Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π³Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΠΈΡΠ°Ρ Π² ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π²Π½Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π° ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ β ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΠΈΠ½Π΄Π΅ΠΊΡΡ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°. ΠΡΠΎΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² EROI, PRP, ES, ROEenv, ROL, ROEsr Π½Π° SGR ΠΈ SGI Π½Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π³Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΠΠ . ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΈΡ Ρ SGR, ΡΠ΅ΠΌ SGI. ΠΠ»Π°Π²Π½ΡΠΉ Π²ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π² ΡΠΎΠΌ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Π΄Π΅ΠΊΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°. ΠΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡ Π² ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΈ Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π½Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π³Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΠΠ ΠΏΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ EROI, PRP, ES, ROEenv, ROL, ROEsr Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡ
Another look at the BL Lacertae flux and spectral variability
The GLAST-AGILE Support Program (GASP) of the Whole Earth Blazar Telescope
(WEBT) monitored BL Lacertae in 2008-2009 at radio, near-IR, and optical
frequencies. During this period, high-energy observations were performed by
XMM-Newton, Swift, and Fermi. We analyse these data with particular attention
to the calibration of Swift UV data, and apply a helical jet model to interpret
the source broad-band variability. The GASP-WEBT observations show an optical
flare in 2008 February-March, and oscillations of several tenths of mag on a
few-day time scale afterwards. The radio flux is only mildly variable. The UV
data from both XMM-Newton and Swift seem to confirm a UV excess that is likely
caused by thermal emission from the accretion disc. The X-ray data from
XMM-Newton indicate a strongly concave spectrum, as well as moderate flux
variability on an hour time scale. The Swift X-ray data reveal fast (interday)
flux changes, not correlated with those observed at lower energies. We compare
the spectral energy distribution (SED) corresponding to the 2008 low-brightness
state, which was characterised by a synchrotron dominance, to the 1997 outburst
state, where the inverse-Compton emission was prevailing. A fit with an
inhomogeneous helical jet model suggests that two synchrotron components are at
work with their self inverse-Compton emission. Most likely, they represent the
radiation from two distinct emitting regions in the jet. We show that the
difference between the source SEDs in 2008 and 1997 can be explained in terms
of pure geometrical variations. The outburst state occurred when the
jet-emitting regions were better aligned with the line of sight, producing an
increase of the Doppler beaming factor. Our analysis demonstrates that the jet
geometry can play an extremely important role in the BL Lacertae flux and
spectral variability.Comment: 12 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in A&
The infrared JHK light curves of RR Lyr
We present infrared JHK time series photometry of the variable star RR Lyr,
that allow us to construct the first complete and accurate infrared light
curves for this star. The derived mean magnitudes are =6.74 +/- 0.02,
=6.60 +/- 0.03 and =6.50 +/- 0.02. The magnitude is used to estimate
the reddening, the mass, the mean luminosity and temperature of this variable
star. The use of these RR Lyr data provide a more accurate absolute calibration
of the P-L_K-[Fe/H] relation, and a distance modulus (m-M)_0=18.48 +/- 0.11 to
the globular cluster Reticulum in the LMC.Comment: 6 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication by MNRA
Problems of forensic medical diagnosis of fatal poisoning drug Β«designΒ»
The article considers methods of determining "designer" drugs in biological materials and issues of the legal status of methods. It is noted that there are methods of chemical-toxicological diagnosis, which allow to determine the presence of foreign chemicals in biological materials, potentially capable of causing psychotic reactions. However, there are certain legal conditions for the classification of chemical compounds as analogues of drugs or the inclusion in the list of drugs, which complicates the production of forensic medical examination.Π ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Β«Π΄ΠΈΠ·Π°ΠΉΠ½Π΅ΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Β» Π½Π°ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² Π² Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π°Ρ
ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ². ΠΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Ρ Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΎ-ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π² Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π°Ρ
Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΈΡ
Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π²Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ², ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΡΡ
Π²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΡ
ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ, ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³Π°ΠΌ Π½Π°ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π²Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ² ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π²Π½Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠΏΠΈΡΠΎΠΊ Π½Π°ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ², ΡΡΠΎ Π·Π°ΡΡΡΠ΄Π½ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΡΡΠ΄Π΅Π±Π½ΠΎ-ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠ·Ρ
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