Effectiveness of PlantbiotiX formulations as biological solutions for root-knot nematode in bitter gourd

The root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) is a major pest that adversely affects bitter gourd production in India. Conventional chemical control methods, though effective, raise economic and environmental concerns, making it necessary to adopt integrated nematode management (INM) strategies. This study evaluates the bio-efficacy of PlantbiotiX formulations, including Bacillus. paralicheniformis 5 % WP ZBM5, Bacillus subtilis 2 % SP ZB87 ½, and Xplorer Glory (vesicular arbuscular mycorrhiza), for controlling root-knot nematodes in bitter gourd. Pot culture and field experiments were performed using various concentrations and application methods of PlantbiotiX formulations . Results revealed significant improvements in plant growth parameters, including vine length (9.13%), fruit weight (6.27%), number of fruits (25.21%), and yield per plant (36.36%) when B. paralicheniformis 5 % WP ZBM5 and B. subtilis 2 % SP ZB87 ½ were applied in combination. Furthermore, a substantial reduction in nematode populations was observed: soil nematode populations decreased by 72.9%, female nematodes by 65.01%, and egg mass by 60.59%. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) analysis of treated roots confirmed biofilm formation by B. paralichiniformis, demonstrating its capability to mitigate nematode infestation. This biofilm likely played a role in reducing nematode penetration and survival in the roots. The study indicates that PlantbiotiX formulations serve as a sustainable and environmentally friendly substitute for chemical nematicides, promoting plant growth and efficiently controlling root-knot nematodes, thereby presenting a viable solution for enhancing bitter gourd cultivation while reducing environmental harm

The CASTOR mission

CASTOR is a proposed wide-field ( 30 ′ × 30 ′ = 0.25 deg 2 ), high-resolution ( FWHM ∼ 0.15 ′′ ), 1-m-diameter space telescope that is under development by the Canadian Space Agency and the National Research Council of Canada. Optimized for UV/blue-optical wavelengths, the telescope uses dichroics to enable imaging in three channels (and up to five bands) that cover the 0.15 to 0.55 μ m spectral region, simultaneously. CASTOR will also feature low- and low-medium-resolution spectroscopic capabilities through the use of a deployable grism for low-resolution ( R ≲ 420 ) slit-less spectroscopy in its UV and u channels, and low-medium-resolution R ∼ 1400 multi-object spectroscopy in a parallel field using a digital micro-mirror device. High-speed, precision photometry will be possible using dedicated CMOS detectors in each of its three channels. We present an overview of the mission, including the optical design, instruments and detectors, payload layout, satellite bus, orbit, and ground segment. We describe the mission’s scientific capabilities and expected place within the astronomical landscape in the 2030s. The 5-year lifetime is baselined on a combination of legacy surveys, guest observer programs, and target-of-opportunity science. We summarize scientific plans for the mission in each of eight fields: cosmology, time domain and multi-messenger science, active galactic nuclei, galaxies, near-field cosmology, stellar astrophysics, exoplanets, and solar system studies. We conclude by describing ongoing development efforts, highlighting areas of particular relevance for NASA’s Habitable Worlds Observatory

Tension free, mesh free inguinal hernia repair: a prospective study of Desarda’s technique

Background: The Desarda repair for inguinal hernias is a new tissue-based technique. Application of the external oblique muscle aponeurosis in the form of un-detached strip has been established as a new concept in tissue-based hernia repair.Methods: A prospective study was conducted among 126 cases with 148 inguinal hernias repaired by Desarda’s technique for a period of 3 years in Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Medical College and Hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka, India. The details pertaining to duration of hospital stay, pain, ambulation and complications were recorded.Results: The mean age of the patients was 38.4 years. Mean operating time was 62.5 min for unilateral and 123 min for bilateral hernias. About 97.8% patients were ambulatory within 6.42 hours and were freely mobile within 19.26 hours after surgery. About 96.4% patients returned to work within 6-14 days. About 91.26% patients were discharged on same day. The mean hospital stay duration of the patients was 1.11 days. Postoperative pain on movement out of bed was described as mild and tolerable in 92.6% patients on day 1. Two patients had seroma that subsided on its own. There were no long-term complications, recurrence of the hernias or chronic groin pain.Conclusions: The results of this new technique (Desarda repair) using continuous absorbable sutures appear promising. The continuous suturing saves time and just one packet of suture material without mesh saves cost.</jats:p

Text mining methods for online topics and reviews using machine learning

Abstract The objective of recommender frameworks is, fundamentally, to assist individuals with finding things they may like, i.e., things that fit their inclinations, character, and needs. Depending on the individual space, those things can be books, films, music, inns, and significantly more. Normally, suggestions are in view of past client collaborations (e.g., films a client saw, lodgings a client booked, and so forth) This work in progress paper centers around news recommender frameworks. In view of the idea of information (e.g., continually new things, short thing lifetime, and so forth), proposals in view of past cooperation are particularly difficult to make. Subsequently, news recommender frameworks intensely depend on the genuine substance of information. While past work fundamentally considers one part of the substance of news stories, we together examine and talk about in this work a given corpora of news stories on three unique levels (i.e., archive level, subject level, and creator level). The generally point is to set to give the premise to an extensive news recommender framework, which comes to past exactness and considers likewise variety and luck. We exhibit that significant data can be extricated out of a given corpora, and contrasts in creator, time, and theme can be appeared. Moreover, the creator level investigation shows that records can be grouped in view of the composing style of creators.</jats:p