45 research outputs found
The short version of the Sexual Distress Scale (SDS-3): Measurement invariance across countries, gender identities, and sexual orientations
© 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC), https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/Background The three-item Sexual Distress Scale (SDS-3) has been frequently used to assess distress related to sexuality in public health surveys and research on sexual wellbeing. However, its psychometric properties and measurement invariance across cultural, gender and sexual subgroups have not yet been examined. This multinational study aimed to validate the SDS-3 and test its psychometric properties, including measurement invariance across language, country, gender identity, and sexual orientation groups. Methods We used global survey data from 82,243 individuals (Mean age=32.39 years; 40.3 % men, 57.0 % women, 2.8 % non-binary, and 0.6 % other genders) participating in the International Sexual Survey (ISS; https://internationalsexsurvey.org/) across 42 countries and 26 languages. Participants completed the SDS-3, as well as questions regarding sociodemographic characteristics, including gender identity and sexual orientation. Results Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) supported a unidimensional factor structure for the SDS-3, and multi-group CFA (MGCFA) suggested that this factor structure was invariant across countries, languages, gender identities, and sexual orientations. Cronbach's α for the unidimensional score was 0.83 (range between 0.76 and 0.89), and McDonald's ω was 0.84 (range between 0.76 and 0.90). Participants who did not experience sexual problems had significantly lower SDS-3 total scores (M = 2.99; SD=2.54) compared to those who reported sexual problems (M = 5.60; SD=3.00), with a large effect size (Cohen's d = 1.01 [95 % CI=-1.03, -0.98]; p < 0.001). Conclusion The SDS-3 has a unidimensional factor structure and appears to be valid and reliable for measuring sexual distress among individuals from different countries, gender identities, and sexual orientations.Peer reviewe
Psychometric properties of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) across cross-cultural subgroups, genders, and sexual orientations: Findings from the International Sex Survey (ISS)
Introduction. Despite being a widely used screening questionnaire, there is no consensus on the most appropriate measurement model for the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT). Furthermore, there have been limited studies on its measurement invariance across cross-cultural subgroups, genders, and sexual orientations.
Aims. The present study aimed to examine the fit of different measurement models for the AUDIT and its measurement invariance across a wide range of subgroups by country, language, gender, and sexual orientation.
Methods. Responses concerning past-year alcohol use from the participants of the cross-sectional International Sex Survey were considered (N = 62,943; Mage: 32.73; SD = 12.59). Confirmatory factor analysis, as well as measurement invariance tests were performed for 21 countries, 14 languages, three genders, and four sexual-orientation subgroups that met the minimum sample size requirement for inclusion in these analyses.
Results. A two-factor model with factors describing ‘alcohol use’ (items 1–3) and ‘alcohol problems’ (items 4–10) showed the best model fit across countries, languages, genders, and sexual orientations. For the former two, scalar and latent mean levels of invariance were reached considering different criteria. For gender and sexual orientation, a latent mean level of invariance was reached.
Conclusions. In line with the two-factor model, the calculation of separate alcohol-use and alcohol-problem scores is recommended when using the AUDIT. The high levels of measurement invariance achieved for the AUDIT support its use in cross-cultural research, capable also of meaningful comparisons among genders and sexual orientations
Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder in 42 Countries: Insights from the International Sex Survey and Introduction of Standardized Assessment Tools
Background and aims: Despite its inclusion in the 11th revision of
the International Classification of Diseases, there is a virtual paucity
of high-quality scientific evidence about compulsive sexual
behavior disorder (CSBD), especially in underrepresented and
underserved populations. Therefore, we comprehensively examined
CSBD across 42 countries, genders, and sexual orientations, and
validated the original (CSBD-19) and short (CSBD-7) versions of
the Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder Scale to provide stan-
dardized, state-of-the-art screening tools for research and clinical
practice. Method: Using data from the International Sex Survey
(N 5 82,243; Mage 5 32.39 years, SD 5 12.52), we evaluated the
psychometric properties of the CSBD-19 and CSBD-7 and
compared CSBD across 42 countries, three genders, eight sexual
orientations, and individuals with low vs. high risk of experiencing
CSBD. Results: A total of 4.8% of the participants were at high risk
of experiencing CSBD. Country- and gender-based differences were
observed, while no sexual-orientation-based differences were pre-
sent in CSBD levels. Only 14% of individuals with CSBD have ever
sought treatment for this disorder, with an additional 33% not
having sought treatment because of various reasons. Both versions
of the scale demonstrated excellent validity and reliability. Discus-
sion and conclusions: This study contributes to a better under-
standing of CSBD in underrepresented and underserved
populations and facilitates its identification in diverse populations
by providing freely accessible ICD-11-based screening tools in 26
languages. The findings may also serve as a crucial building block
to stimulate research into evidence-based, culturally sensitive pre-
vention and intervention strategies for CSBD that are currently
missing from the literature
Malformations of the thorax and abdomen. From prenatal diagnosis to postnatal therapy
This article presents the spectrum of congenital intrathoracic and intra-abdominal malformations. In addition to a summary of epidemiological associations, prenatal observations of sonographic morphological and echocardiographic characteristics, pathogenetic hypotheses and consideration of possible associated syndromes or anomalies and comorbidities, prenatal and postnatal therapy options are also discussed
Gebrauchstauglichkeit des Nationalen Kompetenzbasierten Lernzielkatalogs Medizin (NKLM) in der Frauenheilkunde - eine Single Center-Analyse
Intrauterine vesicoamniotic shunting for fetal megacystis
To examine the outcome of fetuses with megacystis treated with vesicoamniotic shunting (VAS) from 14 weeks onward. Retrospective review of all fetuses that received VAS at two centres from 2004 to 2012. 53 fetuses with megacystis were included in the study. Mean gestational age at diagnosis was 16.4 weeks. Mean gestational age at first shunt placement was 17.8 weeks. The first shunt placement was performed before 16 weeks in 18 (34 %) cases. The mean number of shunts was 1.38. Dislocation occurred in 35 (66 %). TOP was performed in 21 (39.6 %), intrauterine death occurred in two (3.8 %) and spontaneous abortion in three cases (5.7 %). Of the 27 (50.9 %) live births, 17 (32.1 %) infants survived. Normal renal function was present in 10 cases, 4 have compensated renal failure and 3 infants had renal transplantation. Oligohydramnios was significantly associated with non-survival and renal insufficiency. The gestational age at VAS was neither correlated with renal function after birth nor with the survival in our cohort. Conversely, the interval between first shunt placement and delivery was positively correlated with survival and normal renal function. The gestational age at delivery was significantly higher in survivors and those born with normal renal function. Despite intervention, the morbidity and mortality of megacystis is still high. We failed to demonstrate that early intervention is associated with an improved rate of normal renal function after birth. Oligohydramnios was the only parameter identifying fetuses with unfavourable outcome, while all other parameters were inconclusive