Investigating early iron finds from Mayiladumparai Tamil Nadu

The paper covers preliminary metallurgical investigations related to the ferrous metal finds excavated at the Iron Age stie of Mayiladumparai by Tamil Nadu State Department of Archaeolog

Mesoporous Ternary Nitrides of Earth-Abundant Metals as Oxygen Evolution Electrocatalyst

As sustainable energy becomes a major concern for modern society, renewable and clean energy systems need highly active, stable, and low-cost catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Mesoporous materials offer an attractive route for generating efficient electrocatalysts with high mass transport capabilities. Herein, we report an efficient hard templating pathway to design and synthesize three-dimensional (3-D) mesoporous ternary nickel iron nitride (Ni3FeN). The as-synthesized electrocatalyst shows good OER performance in an alkaline solution with low overpotential (259 mV) and a small Tafel slope (54 mV dec(−1)), giving superior performance to IrO(2) and RuO(2) catalysts. The highly active contact area, the hierarchical porosity, and the synergistic effect of bimetal atoms contributed to the improved electrocatalytic performance toward OER. In a practical rechargeable Zn–air battery, mesoporous Ni(3)FeN is also shown to deliver a lower charging voltage and longer lifetime than RuO(2). This work opens up a new promising approach to synthesize active OER electrocatalysts for energy-related devices. [Image: see text] ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (10.1007/s40820-020-0412-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users

A Stable Graphitic, Nanocarbon‐Encapsulated, Cobalt‐Rich Core–Shell Electrocatalyst as an Oxygen Electrode in a Water Electrolyzer

The oxygen electrode plays a vital role in the successful commercialization of renewable energy technologies, such as fuel cells and water electrolyzers. In this study, the Prussian blue analogue-derived nitrogen-doped nanocarbon (NC) layer-trapped, cobalt-rich, core-shell nanostructured electrocatalysts (core-shell Co at NC) are reported. The electrode exhibits an improved oxygen evolution activity and stability compared to that of the commercial noble electrodes. The core-shell Co at NC-loaded nickel foam exhibits a lower overpotential of 330 mV than that of IrO2 on nickel foam at 10 mA cm-2 and has a durability of over 400 h. The commercial Pt/C cathode-assisted, core-shell Co at NC-anode water electrolyzer delivers 10 mA cm-2 at a cell voltage of 1.59 V, which is 70 mV lower than that of the IrO2-anode water electrolyzer. Over the long-term chronopotentiometry durability testing, the IrO2-anode water electrolyzer shows a cell voltage loss of 230 mV (14%) at 95 h, but the loss of the core-shell Co at NC-anode electrolyzer is only 60 mV (4%) even after 350 h cell-operation. The findings indicate that the Prussian blue analogue is a class of inorganic nanoporous materials that can be used to derive metal-rich, core-shell electrocatalysts with enriched active centers. © 2018 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.1

Physiological Screening of Green Gram (Vigna radiata L.) Varieties by Seedling Germination Traits under Salinity Stress

Among the legumes, pulses are the most important component in India as they have very high protein resources. Green gram (Vigna radiata) is the most essential one when compared to other pulses regarding high nutritional value, enriching soil fertility and being a short duration crop. In India, pulses cultivation faces salinity stress which is a most constraint factor on its production. Hence, an experiment was performed with the purpose of analyzing morpho- physiological differences in high difference green gram varieties, which are MH 421,VBN 2,VBN 4,CO 8 and CO(Gg) 912 under salinity stress condition. This experiment was done at laboratory condition under various concentration level of Sodium Chloride (NaCl). These levels create different levels of salinity stress, the above five green gram varieties where screened for identifying their salinity stress and the important parameters which include radicle length, shoot length, plant height, germination percentage and seed Vigor were recorded