Pencegahan Penyakit Tidak Menular Melalui Edukasi Cerdik Pada Masyarakat Desa Moyag Kotamobagu

Penyakit tidak menular menjadi penyebab kematian tertinggi di dunia. World Health Organization melaporkan bahwa 40 juta penduduk di dunia menderita penyakit tidak menular tahun 2016. Penyakit tidak menular telah berkontribusi pada 73% kematian di Indonesia dimana 26% terjadi pada usia dewasa. Kasus penyakit tidak menular di Sulawesi Utara masih menunjukkan masalah yang cukup serius. Prevalensi Hipertensi sebesar 13,2%, stroke sebesar angka 13%, prevalensi diabetes mellitus sebesar 5,3%. Tujuan pengabdian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat tentang pencegahan penyakit tidak menular di Desa. Matode yang digunakan adalah ceramah interaktif secara door to door dengan menggunakan media leaflet. Jumlah peserta pada kegiatan ini adalah 28 orang yang masuk kelompok rentan penyakit tidak menular. Hasil penyuluhan menunjukkan ada peningkatan pengetahuan tentang pencegahan penyakit tidak menular dengan perbedaan rata-rata skor pengetahuan pada saat pre-test dan post-test adalah 4,71. Peningkatan pengetahuan masyarakat tentang upaya pencegahan penyakit menular dapat terwujudkan dengan menggunakan edukasi yang tepat dan metode yang kreatif.Non-communicable diseases are the leading causes of death in the world. The World Health Organization reports that 40 million people in the world suffer from non-communicable diseases in 2016. Non-communicable diseases have contributed to 73% of deaths in Indonesia where 26% occurred in adulthood. Non-communicable disease cases in North Sulawesi still represent a serious problem. The prevalence of hypertension was 13,2%, stroke was 13%, the prevalence of diabetes mellitus was 5,3%. The purpose of this service is to increase public knowledge about the prevention of non-communicable diseases in the village. The method used was a door-to-door interactive lecture using leaflet media. The number of participants in this activity was 28 people who were vulnerable to non-communicable diseases. The results showed that there was an increase in knowledge about the prevention of non-communicable diseases with the average difference in the pre-test and post-test knowledge scores of 4.71. Increasing public knowledge about efforts to prevent infectious diseases can be realized by using appropriate education and creative methods

Viscosities of the Gay-Berne nematic liquid crystal

We present molecular dynamics simulation measurements of the viscosities of the Gay-Berne phenomenological model of liquid crystals in the nematic and isotropic phases. The temperature dependence of the rotational and shear viscosities, including the nonmonotonic behavior of one shear viscosity are in good agreement with experimental data. The bulk viscosities are significantly larger than the shear viscosities, again in agreement with experiment.Comment: 11 pages, 4 Postscript figures, Revte

Seroprevalence of HIV in pregnant women in North India: a tertiary care hospital based study

Abstract Background Estimating the seroprevalence of HIV in a low risk population such as pregnant women provides essential information for an effective implementation of AIDS control programmes, and also for the monitoring of HIV spread within a country. Very few studies are available from north India showing the current trend in HIV prevalence in the antenatal population;which led us to carry outthis study at a tertiary care hospital in north India Methods Blood samples from pregnant women attending antenatal clinics at the All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi were collected after informed consent and pre-test counseling. The samples were tested for HIV antibodies as per the WHO guidelines, over a period of four years from January 2003 to December 2006. Results Of the 3529 pregnant women tested in four years, 0.88% (CI 0.5 – 1.24) women were found to be HIV seroreactive. Majority of the seroreactive pregnant women (41.9%) were in the age group of 20–24 years followed by the 30–34 yrs (25.8%) and 25–29 years (22.6%) age group. The mean age of the HIV positive women was 24.9 years (SD ± 1.49 yrs). The HIV seroprevalence rates showed an increasing trend from 0.7% (CI 0.14 – 2.04) in 2003–2004 to 0.9% (CI 0.49 – 1.5) in 2005–2006. This prevalence rate indicates concern, as Delhi and its adjoining states are otherwise considered as 'low prevalence states'. Conclusion Seroprevalence of HIV infection was found to be increasing in the last four years amongst pregnant women of North India. These findings are in contrast to the national projections.</p

Dynamical ensembles in stationary states

We propose as a generalization of an idea of Ruelle to describe turbulent fluid flow a chaotic hypothesis for reversible dissipative many particle systems in nonequilibrium stationary states in general. This implies an extension of the zeroth law of thermodynamics to non equilibrium states and it leads to the identification of a unique distribution \m describing the asymptotic properties of the time evolution of the system for initial data randomly chosen with respect to a uniform distribution on phase space. For conservative systems in thermal equilibrium the chaotic hypothesis implies the ergodic hypothesis. We outline a procedure to obtain the distribution \m: it leads to a new unifying point of view for the phase space behavior of dissipative and conservative systems. The chaotic hypothesis is confirmed in a non trivial, parameter--free, way by a recent computer experiment on the entropy production fluctuations in a shearing fluid far from equilibrium. Similar applications to other models are proposed, in particular to a model for the Kolmogorov--Obuchov theory for turbulent flow.Comment: 31 pages, 3 figures, compile with dvips (otherwise no pictures

Lyapunov instability of fluids composed of rigid diatomic molecules

We study the Lyapunov instability of a two-dimensional fluid composed of rigid diatomic molecules, with two interaction sites each, and interacting with a WCA site-site potential. We compute full spectra of Lyapunov exponents for such a molecular system. These exponents characterize the rate at which neighboring trajectories diverge or converge exponentially in phase space. Quam. These exponents characterize the rate at which neighboring trajectories diverge or converge exponentially in phase space. Qualitative different degrees of freedom -- such as rotation and translation -- affect the Lyapunov spectrum differently. We study this phenomenon by systematically varying the molecular shape and the density. We define and evaluate ``rotation numbers'' measuring the time averaged modulus of the angular velocities for vectors connecting perturbed satellite trajectories with an unperturbed reference trajectory in phase space. For reasons of comparison, various time correlation functions for translation and rotation are computed. The relative dynamics of perturbed trajectories is also studied in certain subspaces of the phase space associated with center-of-mass and orientational molecular motion.Comment: RevTeX 14 pages, 7 PostScript figures. Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev.

Bulk and Interfacial Shear Thinning of Immiscible Polymers

Nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulations are used to study the shear thinning behavior of immiscible symmetric polymer blends. The phase separated polymers are subjected to a simple shear flow imposed by moving a wall parallel to the fluid-fluid interface. The viscosity begins to shear thin at much lower rates in the bulk than at the interface. The entire shear rate dependence of the interfacial viscosity is consistent with a shorter effective chain length $s^*$ that also describes the width of the interface. This $s^*$ is independent of chain length $N$ and is a function only of the degree of immiscibility of the two polymers. Changes in polymer conformation are studied as a function of position and shear rate.Shear thinning correlates more closely with a decrease in the component of the radius of gyration along the velocity gradient than with elongation along the flow. At the interface, this contraction of chains is independent of $N$ and consistent with the bulk behavior for chains of length $s^*$. The distribution of conformational changes along chains is also studied. Central regions begin to stretch at a shear rate that decreases with increasing $N$, while shear induced changes at the ends of chains are independent of $N$.Comment: 8 pages, 8 figure

Pencegahan Penyakit Tidak Menular melalui Edukasi Cerdik pada Masyarakat Desa Moyag Kotamobagu

Penyakit tidak menular menjadi penyebab kematian tertinggi di dunia. World Health Organization melaporkan bahwa 40 juta penduduk di dunia menderita penyakit tidak menular tahun 2016. Penyakit tidak menular telah berkontribusi pada 73% kematian di Indonesia dimana 26% terjadi pada usia dewasa. Kasus penyakit tidak menular di Sulawesi Utara masih menunjukkan masalah yang cukup serius. Prevalensi Hipertensi sebesar 13,2%, stroke sebesar angka 13%, prevalensi diabetes mellitus sebesar 5,3%. Tujuan pengabdian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat tentang pencegahan penyakit tidak menular di Desa. Matode yang digunakan adalah ceramah interaktif secara door to door dengan menggunakan media leaflet. Jumlah peserta pada kegiatan ini adalah 28 orang yang masuk kelompok rentan penyakit tidak menular. Hasil penyuluhan menunjukkan ada peningkatan pengetahuan tentang pencegahan penyakit tidak menular dengan perbedaan rata-rata skor pengetahuan pada saat pre-test dan post-test adalah 4,71. Peningkatan pengetahuan masyarakat tentang upaya pencegahan penyakit menular dapat terwujudkan dengan menggunakan edukasi yang tepat dan metode yang kreatif

Awareness about Welfare Benefit and Health Practices among Women TeaWorkers of Upper Assam District

The tea industry in Assam is a labor-intensive industry and the health status of the tea plantation workers is an asset to the industry. However, they are most negligent population in terms of their health, sanitation condition and the accessibility of the provisions allotted to them as per the Plantation Labour Act 1951. The study focuses on the awareness of women tea workers regarding the welfare services to be provided by the management in compliance with Plantation Labour Act 1951 and awareness of basic health practices. The study was conducted in a tea plantation of Dibrugarh district with a sample size of 50. Simple random sampling technique was used for sample selection, and data was collected through interview schedule. The majority of respondents (46%) had below average awareness level of the welfare services to be provided by management in compliance with the PLA 1951. In terms of awareness level of basic health practices, only 6% of respondents had above average and 60% had an average level of awareness. The study found a significant association between the education level of the tea workers and the awareness level of basic health practices. Awareness among women workers plays an important role in the reducing risk of acquiring preventable diseases; however, management is responsible to provide the basic services and develop monitoring mechanism to ensure proper maintenance of the basic amenities