Developmental Dyslexia: Evidence for a Subgroup with a Reversal of Cerebral Asymmetry

The Computerized Brain Tomograms of 24 Patients with Developmental Dyslexia Were Analyzed for Cerebral Asymmetry. Ten Patients Showed a Reversal of the Pattern of Asymmetry Regularly Observed in Normal Right-Handed Individuals So that the Right Parietooccipital Region Was Wider Than the Left. the Ten Dyslexic Patients with This Reversal of Cerebral Asymmetry Had a Lower Mean Verbal IQ Than the Other 14 Dyslexic Patients in This Study. the Reversal of Cerebral Asymmetry that Occurred in Ten of the Dyslexic Patients May Result in Language Lateralization to a Cerebral Hemisphere that is Structurally Less Suited to Support Language Function and Thus Act as a Risk Factor for the Development of Reading Disability. © 1978, American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved

Understanding American Power:Conceptual clarity, strategic priorities and the decline debate

What does it mean for the United States to be powerful? The prospect of a decline in American power, especially relative to a rising China, has attracted considerable scholarly and political attention. Despite a wealth of data, disagreements persist regarding both the likely trajectory of the US-China balance and the most effective strategy for preserving America’s advantage into the future. This article locates the source of these enduring disputes in fundamental conceptual differences over the meaning of power itself. We map the distinct tracks of argument within the decline debate, showing that competing positions are often rooted in differences of focus rather than disputes over fact. Most fundamental is a divide between analyses dedicated to national capabilities, and others that emphasise mechanisms of relational power. This divide underpins how strategists think about the goal of preserving or extending American power. We therefore construct a typology of competing understandings of what it means for America to be powerful, to show that a strategy suited to bolstering American power according to one definition of that goal may not support, and may even undermine, American power understood in other ways

Mobile High Resolution Xenon Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in the Earth's Magnetic Field

Conventional high resolution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra are usually measured in homogeneous, high magnetic fields (> 1 T), which are produced by expensive and immobile superconducting magnets. We show that chemically resolved xenon (Xe) NMR spectroscopy of liquid samples can be measured in the Earth's magnetic field (similar to 5x10(-5) T) with a continuous flow of hyperpolarized Xe gas. It was found that the measured normalized Xe frequency shifts are significantly modified by the Xe polarization density, which causes different dipolar magnetic fields in the liquid and in the gas phases