Free Asynchronous Professional Development By, From, and For Instructional Designers: How Informal Learning Opportunities Shape Our Professional Learning and Design Practices

Instructional designers (IDs) need to maintain an understanding of the current trends and issues within the field. Pursuing professional learning informally supports IDs’ effort to keep up with current trends and issues because it is not restricted by curriculum and time. Professional development (PD) offered by Professional Development for Instructional Designers (PD4IDs) learning group can address issues related to geographical and funding limitations. This application paper presents the coordination of PD based on the conceptual framework (e.g., Community of Practice and Social Network Knowledge Construction) and reflections of several PD4IDs members with various roles. The reflections indicate the benefits of participating in PD for shaping IDs’ professional learning and practices. Discussion and implications for IDs intending to pursue non-traditional PD are also presented

Qfl And Litho Facies: Predicting Reservoir Quality Of The Middle Miocene Deep-water Facies At Kutei And North Makassar Basins

As we may all be aware the oil and gas wellbores offshore Kutei and North Makassar have not optimally penetrated the objective strata, which is the Middle Miocene's deep-water reservoirs. Therefore, evaluating the quality of these reservoirs with onshore dataset then comparing them with the proven Late Miocene's deep-water producing reservoirs had been very fundamental. The study focuses on the assessment of QFL and sandstones litho-facies based on the rock samples from conventional-core and side-wall core, and well-logs data from forty wells onshore and offshore. These rock samples are bounded by the key biostratigraphy intervals of M40M33, M45M40, M50M45 (Middle Miocene), and M65M50, M66M65, M70M66, M80M70 (Late Miocene). Subdivisions of the reservoirs considered the sandstone litho facies, NTG ratio, sorting, and grain size, to come up with five groups in the Middle Miocene deltaic facies: FLU_SX, DC_SX, DC_SM, DC_SM, and DF_SC; and four groups in the Late Miocene deep-water facies: SSWS, MSWS, SSPS, and MSPS. Core-based porosity and permeability further explain the relationship between the reservoir quality with the sandstones' composition and litho facies, and concluded that high-energy depositional system is mainly associated with the FLU_SX, DC_SX, SSWS and MSWS being the reservoir with best quality. Oppositely, the DF_SC, SSPS, and MSPS are classified the reservoir with worst to none quality. A cross plot between core-based porosity and maximum burial depth is able to postulate the relational trend of decreasing reservoir quality with deeper depth

Experimental and Modeling Studies on the Solubility of Sub- and Supercritical Carbon Dioxide (scCO(2)) in Potato Starch and Derivatives

The solubility of CO2 in native potato starch (NPS) and potato starch acetate (SA) at two different temperatures (50 degrees C and 120 degrees C) and various pressures (up to 25 MPa) was determined using a magnetic suspension balance Within the experimental window, a maximum solubility of 31 mg CO2/g(sample) for NPS and 79 4 mg CO2/g(sample) for SA was obtained The CO2 sorption behavior is highly depending on the temperature and pressure The solubility data were modeled with the Sanchez Lacombe equation of state (S-L EOS) The swelling (S-w) values, as predicted using the S-L EOS, were relatively small and a maximum value of 6 1% was obtained for SA at 25 MPa and 120 degrees C POLYM ENG SCI, 51 28-36, 2011 (C) 2010 Society of Plastics Engineer

Process-product studies on starch acetylation reactions in pressurised carbon dioxide

An in-depth study on the effect of process conditions (pressure, temperature and type of catalyst) on the acetylation of starch with acetic anhydride in pressurised carbon dioxide is described. A total of 22 experiments were performed and the experimental data were analysed using non-linear multivariable regression. The highest degree of substitution (DS) value (0.46) was obtained using K2CO3 as the catalyst at 90°C, 15 MPa pressure, and a catalyst to starch ratio of 0.5 mol/mol anhydroglucose units (AGUs). Important product properties of the acetylated starch prepared in CO2 like viscosity in water and relevant thermal properties were determined and compared with typical products prepared in an aqueous system.

Supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) induced gelatinization of potato starch

The degree of gelatinization (DG) of potato starch after treatment with scCO2 was investigated. A broad range of experimental conditions were applied, including variations in temperature (50-90 °C), pressure (0.1-25 MPa), and the starch water content (16.2-40% wt/wt). Changes in the DG were observed by in situ FT-IR measurements, DSC and confirmed by the XRD analysis. The DG increases at higher temperatures and pressures. A maximum DG of about 14% was achieved at the highest pressure (25 MPa) and temperature in the range (90 °C). A series of experiments under N2 pressure confirms that scCO2 plays a special role in the gelatinization process.

Green starch conversions: Studies on starch acetylation in densified CO2

The acetylation of potato starch with acetic anhydride (AAH) and sodium acetate (NaOAc) as catalyst in densified CO2 was explored in a batch reactor setup. The effects of process variables such as pressure (6-9.8 MPa), temperature (40-90 °C), AAH to starch ratio (2-5 mol/mol AGU), NaOAc to starch ratio (0.1-0.8 mol/mol AGU) and water content (1-15.2%, w/w) on the degree of substitution (DS), the anhydride conversion (XAAH) and the selectivity of the reaction (SSA) were explored. At these conditions, acetylated potato starch with a range of DS values (0.01-0.46) is accessible in densified CO2. The XAAH varied between 10 and 80%, whereas the SSA is relatively low (2-18%). Empirical models were developed to quantify the effects of the process variables on DS, X AAH and SSA. The temperature, water content and NaOAc to starch ratio have the highest effect on the DS, XAAH and S SA values. For comparison, a number of experiments were performed in water and the results confirm that densified CO2 is a good solvent for the starch acetylation reaction. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Insights in starch acetylation in sub- and supercritical CO2

An in-depth study on the acetylation of starch with acetic anhydride (Ac2O) and sodium acetate (NaOAc) as the catalyst in pressurized carbon dioxide (scCO(2)) in a broad pressure range (8-25 MPa) and a temperature of 90 degrees C is provided. Highest degrees of substitution (DS) of 0.29 (1 h reaction time) and 0.62 (24 h reaction time) were found near the critical point of the mixture (15 MPa). The phase behavior of the system CO2, starch and acetic anhydride (Ac2O) was studied in a high pressure view cell. The critical points were a clear function of the temperature and increased from the range of 9.4-10 MPa to 14.5-14.8 MPa when going from 50 to 90 degrees C (Ac2O mole fraction at the critical point in the range of 0.08-0.09). Acetylation experiments with a range of starch particles sizes showed a clear relation between the DS and the particle size. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Synthesis of fatty acid starch esters in supercritical carbon dioxide

This manuscript describes an exploratory study on the synthesis of fatty acid/potato starch esters using supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) as the solvent. The effects of process variables such as pressure (6-25 MPa), temperature (120-150 °C) and various basic catalysts and fatty acid derivatives (methyl- and vinyl esters and anhydrides) on the degree of substitution (DS) were explored in a batch reactor set-up. Products with a broad range of DS values (0.01-0.31) were obtained, the actual values depending on process conditions, type of catalyst and the fatty acid reagent. The combination of K2CO3 and vinyl laurate gave the highest DS values (DS = 0.31 at 150 °C, 8 MPa). The introduction of the fatty acid chains has a profound effect on product properties like hydrophobicity and thermal behavior.