Non-commutative coordinates from quantum gravity

Local observables in (perturbative) quantum gravity are notoriously hard to define, since the gauge symmetry of gravity -- diffeomorphisms -- moves points on the manifold. In particular, this is a problem for backgrounds of high symmetry such as Minkowski space or de Sitter spacetime which describes the early inflationary phase of our universe. Only recently this obstacle has been overcome, and a field-dependent coordinate system has been constructed to all orders in perturbation theory, in which observables are fully gauge-invariant. We show that these field-dependent coordinates are non-commutative, and compute their commutator to second order in the Planck length. This provides the first systematic derivation of non-commutativity that arises due to quantum gravity effects.Comment: Proceedings of the Corfu Summer Institute 2022 "School and Workshops on Elementary Particle Physics and Gravity". Based on arXiv:2207.03345 [gr-qc]. 12 page

Hitungan Kecepatan Pergerakan Stasiun Sugar Akibat Proses Interseismik Gempa Mentawai 2007

Mentawai Islands ia located on south-west side of Sumatra. Indonesia which has seismic activities and considered to be the highest seismic activities. History recorded that in the western coast of Sumatra occured great earthquakes in 1833 (magnitude 8.7), in the 2000 (magnitude 7.9) and September 12, 2007 with 8.5 on the main earthquake followed by another big earthquake with 7.9 magnitude. Earthquake followed by tsunami in october 25 2010 occured on Mentawai Islands particularly on South Pagai Island with 7.7 magnitude. Looking at the data and the fact that the need for further research to calculate the value of the shift speed ( velocity rate) of Mentawai Islands segment.This research uses SuGAr station observation data with the total of nine stations. SuGAr stations that used in this research including BSAT, LAIS, LNNG, NGNG, MKMK, PRKB, PPNJ, PSKI, and SLBU with observation data from March 2006 until September 2007. Bundle point IGS that used including BAKO, COCO, DGAR, KUNM, HYDE and PIMO. Data processing using science software GAMIT 10.6. The purpose of this research is to calculate the value of velocity rate between 2006 and 2007 from SuGAr GPS station observation data. Moreover, the value of velocity rate is eliminated from Sumatra fault shifting value effect and Sunda block rotation to gain velocity rate value on SuGAr GPS station in the result of Mentawai earthquake interseismic process in 2007.In this research resulting the value of velocity rate in between 2006 and 2007 also the value of shifting velocity rate in causes of interseismic earthquake in Mentawai on 2007. For horizontal shifting velocity vector in the period of 2006 until 2007 all stations were facing north east, with the average of Vhor = 0.04567 ± 0.0089 m/year and vertical shifting facing up with the amount of Vver = 0.008456 ± 0.001983 m/year. For shifting velocity vector in the result of interseismic earthquake process in Mentawai on 2007 all stations were facing to north east,with the average Vhor = 0.02738 ± 0.0089 m/year and vertical shifting facing up with the amount of Vver = 0.008456 ± 0.001983 m/year

Penerimaan Khalayak terhadap Acara Mewujudkan Mimpi Indonesia

Menuju Pemilu 2014 banyak tokoh politik di Indonesia yang menampilkan diri melalui media massa khususnya televisi. Berbagai progam acara di televisi dimanfaatkan sebagai alat untuk menarik simpati dan menciptakan citra positif dari khalayak, salah satunya adalah progam acara reality show. Reality show Mewujudkan Mimpi Indonesia menampilkan sosok Wiranto dan Hary Tanoesoedibjo dengan aksi dan peran-peran yang berbeda dan tidak biasa mereka lakukan, demi mewujudkan impian masyarakat Indonesia, sehingga membuat acara tersebut menarik untuk diteliti. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pemaknaan khalayak tentang acara Mewujudkan Mimpi Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan model encoding-decoding Stuart Hall yang digunakan untuk menjelaskan proses pemaknaan khalayak terhadap tayangan Mewujudkan Mimpi Indonesia. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian dengan tipe deskriptif yang bersifat kualitatif dan menggunakan pendekatan analisis resepsi. Analisis resepsi memandang khalayak sebagi penghasil makna ( producers of meaning) yang aktif dalam mempersepsi pesan dan memproduksi makna, tidak hanya sekedar menjadi individu pasif yang menerima begitu saja makna yang diproduksi oleh media massa.Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan wawancara mendalam (depth nterview) kepada lima orang informan yang merupakan pemirsa dari acara reality show Mewujudkan Mimpi Indonesia. Informan yang dipilih memiliki latar belakang yang berbeda, baik usia, jender, pendidikan maupun status sosial. Hasil penelitian akan membagi khalayak ke dalam tiga tipe dan posisi pemaknaan. Yaitu kelompok dominat reading, khalayak memaknai tayangan Mewujudkan Mimpi Indonesia sesuai dengan preferred reading (makna dominan). Kelompok negotiated reading, memaknai tayangan ini dari dua sisi, yaitu menganggap bahwa tayangan ini tidak etis jika digunakan sebagai alat propaganda politik dan menganggap tayangan ini sebagai tayangan yang memotivasi serta memberikan inspirasi kepada penontonnya. Sedangkan kelompok oppositional reading, adalah khalayak yang memiliki pemaknaan yang berbeda sama sekali dengan makna dominan. Khalayak oppositional memaknai bahwa tayangan Mewjudkan Mimpi Indonesia adalah tayangan yang membodohi publik, karena dimanfaatkan sebagai alat propaganda politik oleh elit politik tertentu

The Burst and Transient Source Experiment Earth Occultation Technique

An Earth orbiting detector sensitive to gamma ray photons will see step-like occultation features in its counting rate when a gamma ray point source crosses the Earth's limb. This is due to the change in atmospheric attenuation of the gamma rays along the line of sight. In an uncollimated detector, these occultation features can be used to locate and monitor astrophysical sources provided their signals can be individually separated from the detector background. We show that the Earth occultation technique applied to the Burst and Transient Source Experiment (BATSE) on the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory (CGRO) is a viable and flexible all-sky monitor in the low energy gamma ray and hard X-ray energy range (20 keV - 1 MeV). The method is an alternative to more sophisticated photon imaging devices for astronomy, and can serve well as a cost-effective science capability for monitoring the high energy sky. Here we describe the Earth occultation technique for locating new sources and for measuring source intensity and spectra without the use of complex background models. Examples of transform imaging, step searches, spectra, and light curves are presented. Systematic uncertainties due to source confusion, detector response, and contamination from rapid background fluctuations are discussed and analyzed for their effect on intensity measurements. A sky location-dependent average systematic error is derived as a function of galactic coordinates. The sensitivity of the technique is derived as a function of incident photon energy and also as a function of angle between the source and the normal to the detector entrance window. Occultations of the Crab Nebula by the Moon are used to calibrate Earth occultation flux measurements independent of possible atmospheric scattering effects.Comment: 39 pages, 24 figures. Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal Supplement

Ursinus College Alumni Journal, July 1954

President\u27s page • Wood wins Republican nomination for governor • President McClure edits sixteenth century poetry • Dr. Gaylord P. Harnwell commencement speaker • Dr. A. A. Welch preaches baccalaureate sermon • Dr. Yost televised on University of the Air • Vanderslice participates in industrial council • Registrar announces open scholarship winners • Alumni loyalty fund campaign completes successful year • 925 alumni contribute to loyalty fund this year: total reaches $19,000 • Muriel Pancoast resigns alumni secretaryship: Roger Staiger is successor • Many old grads return for Alumni Day • Results of alumni ballot for 1954-56 officers • Lehigh Valley alumni meet on April 29th • York alumni meet on May 22nd • South Jersey alumni plan fall meeting • Philadelphia alumni meet during schoolmen\u27s week • Dr. Eugene Miller will be Fulbright lecturer in Japan • Librarian leaves Ursinus for position at Clark • May Day festivities • Dr. Carl V. Tower dies after long illness • Faculty members spend summer in Europe • Faculty notes • Olevian Hall was the first women\u27s dormitory • Sports review • Baseball team wins 12 for a record season • Tennis team breaks even in spring campaign • Girls softballers play short schedule • Report on the 1954 track season • Football prospects for 1954 look bright • Girls\u27 tennis team has good season • News about ourselves • Adams named superintendent of Bethany Orphans Home • Engagements • Weddings • Births • Necrology • Mrs. John Jackson dies • Ursinus Women\u27s Club has busy spring schedulehttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/alumnijournal/1049/thumbnail.jp

Ursinus College Alumni Journal, July 1955

Commencement address 1955 • The college honors Dr. I. S. Leinbach • Ground broken for the new women\u27s dormitories • News from the registrar\u27s office • Armstrong preaches baccalaureate sermon • Summer program offered again at Ursinus • Meistersingers make spring tour • The magic hour May Day theme • New student union in Bomberger basement • Alpha Phi Omega campus project • Alumni celebrate graduation anniversary • Class of \u2755 elects permanent class officers • Keyser \u2710 and Krug \u2737 honored by educators • Alumni elect new officers for 1955-57 • York County alumni sponsor Noss film • J. A. Hunsicker \u2792 recipient of award • Regional alumni groups hold annual meetings • French Department faculty member active in research • Barbara Yerkes \u2749 teacher and friend of Bristol High students • Sports review • 1955 baseball season • 1955 tennis season • Varsity Club honors outstanding athletes • 1955 women\u27s sports • 1955 track season • Ursinus participates in Ford foundation program for teachers • Alumni participate in Red Lion jubilee • News about ourselves • Weddings • Birthshttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/alumnijournal/1052/thumbnail.jp

Ursinus College Alumni Journal, March 1954

President\u27s page • Dr. Gaylord P. Harnwell to speak at commencement • Ursinus confers honorary degree on Dr. James Wagner • William S. Pettit named Dean of Ursinus College • Prospective students entertained at Ursinus • May queen 1954 • Annual Messiah sung by largest chorus • Charles Roberts makes first 1954 loyalty fund report • Evelyn Glazier Henzel candidate for state legislature • Ursinus places nineteenth in mathematical competition • Lloyd Wood candidate for nomination of governor • Pre-meds enjoy hospital tours with Dr. Tornetta, \u2738 • Ursinus Women\u27s Club sets important spring dates • Watch for news of your Ursinus regional group spring meeting • Meeting of the Washington alumni on April 29 • Harrisburg-Hershey to organize • Berks Co. alumni dinner April 21 • Floyd Justice president of Philadelphia alumni • New York meeting on May 5 • Lehigh Valley dinner April 29 • Don\u27t miss Alumni Day - it\u27s May 29 • Be sure to vote for your alumni officers! • Watch for your ballot in April • Sports review • Mermaids open season with Drexel • Best football record in twenty years • Basketball belles take opener 51-21 • Coach Gurzynski reviews 1954 track prospects • Coach Spangler has hustling basketball squad • Basketball and hilarity at alumni-varsity game • Wrestling captain • Wrestling resume • Doc Baker reviews the 1953 soccer season • Hockey players Merrifield and Price honored • A day with the Dean of Women at Ursinus • News about ourselves • Ziegler awarded air medal • Engagements • Weddings • Births • Necrology • Carters enjoy life in Coloradohttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/alumnijournal/1050/thumbnail.jp

Analysis of lead oxide (PbO) layers for direct conversion X-ray detection

Lead oxide (PbO) is a candidate direct conversion material for medical X-ray applications. We produced various samples and detectors with thick PbO layers. X-ray performance data such as dark current, charge generation yield and temporal behavior were evaluated on small samples. The influence of the metal contacts was studied in detail. We also covered large a-Si thin-film transistor (TFT)-plates with PbO. Imaging results from a large detector with an active area of 18 cm × 20 cm are presented. The detector has 960 × 1080 pixels with a pixel pitch of 184 ?m. The modulation transfer function at the Nyquist frequency of 2.72 linepairs/mm is 50%. Finally, a full size X-ray image is presented