A chemotaxtonmic study of tumour inhibitory aryl tetralin lignans in linum

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Aryltetralin lignans from Linum mucronatum Bertol. ssp mucronatum

The dried and aerial part of Linum mucronatum ssp. mucronatum was analyzed by gas chromatographymass spectrometry (GC-MS). Two aryltetralin lignans, podophylloyoxin, 6-methoxypodophylloyoxin, and P-peltatin, were identified. This is the first report of the analysis of L. mucronatum ssp. mucronatum

In vitro testing of antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal effects and cytotoxicity of selected Turkish Phlomis species

The objective of this study was to examine antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral properties of selected Phlomis species (Lamiaceae) growing in Turkey. The petroleum ether and methanol extracts of the seven species, namely P. armeniaca Willd., P. bourgaei Boiss., P. leucophracta P.H. Davis & Hub.-Mor., P. lunariifolia Sibth. & Sm., P. lycia D. Don, P. pungens Willd. var. pungens , and P. pungens var. hirta Velen. were tested against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis , and Enterococcus faecalis for their antibacterial activity using ampicillin and oflaxocin as references. Antifungal activity of the same extracts was determined against Candida albicans using microdilution method with ketocanazole as reference. Both DNA virus Herpes simplex type-1 (HSV-1) and RNA virus Parainfluenza (PI-3) were employed for antiviral assessment of the Phlomis extracts using Madin-Darby Bovine Kidney and Vero cell lines in which acyclovir for HSV-1 and oseltamivir for PI-3 were employed as reference drugs. Although both the petroleum ether and methanol extracts seemed to exert similar antibacterial activity, the methanolic extracts were observed to be more active against S. aureus and E. faecalis . On the other hand, methanolic extract of P. pungens var. pungens possessed notable antiviral activity against both type of viruses

The cytotoxic activity of Sponges and Tunicates from Turkish Aegean Sea

745-752The enormous bioactive components of different species from marine habitats make them attractive candidates for the discovery of new therapeutic active substances in several diseases such as cancer. Sea sponge and tunicate materials are the ideal sources of new chemotherapeutics for various cancers due to their rich metabolites. The fundamental purpose of the current study is to investigate the cytotoxic activity of methanolic crude extracts of sponges (Agelas oroides and Cladocora caespitosa) and tunicates (Ascidiella aspersa and Styela clava) collected from the Aegean Sea. The cytotoxic activity and the anti-cancer activity of the extracts was carried out by sodium 3´- [1- (diphenyl aminocarbonyl)-3,4-tetrazolium] -bis (4- methoxy 6-nitro) benzene sulfonic acid hydrate (XTT) on gastric adenocarcinoma cell line AGS, prostate cancer cell line PC-3, neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y, and mouse fibroblast cell line L929. The extracts of sponge and tunicate were found to cause different cytotoxic effects on different cancer cells, largely in a concentration-dependent manner. It is found that the extracts exhibited high anti-cancer activities in neuroblastoma and prostate cancer cell lines at concentrations of 3 and 5 mg/ml. No significant cytotoxic activity was found in L929 cells. In addition, the microscopic examination of cells treated with the extracts shows that the extracts cause morphological changes with cellular rounding, which could be associated with apoptosis