Einsatz des Striegels zur Regulierung von Vicia hirsuta in Winterweizen

Seed production of hairy tare was reduced by harrowing. Harrowing can be performed until ear emergence without severe damage of winter wheat. Efficacy of late and repeated harrowing was increased if combined with early harrowing (BBCH 32-33). The removal of V. hirsuta reduced winter wheat grain yield losses and enhanced thousand grain weight

Einfluß gesteigerter organischer und mineralischer Düngung und biologisch-dynamischer Präparate auf Ertrag, Qualität und Lagerfähigkeit von Kartoffeln

Die gesteigerte Düngung ergab an beiden Standorten bei den meisten Parametern die erwarteten Effekte. Eine Wirkung der biologisch-dynamischen Präparate, entweder getrennt in Kompost- und Spritzpräparate, oder kombiniert angewendet, konnte ebenfalls bei mehreren Parametern nachgewiesen werden. Allerdings ist nach wie vor nicht klar, unter welchen Umständen diese Präparate wirken und warum sie z.T. gegensinnige Effekte haben. In dem hier vorgestellten Projekt stehen zur Zeit aus den letzten beiden Versuchsjahren noch diverse Parameter, u.a. einige Inhaltsstoffe (z.B. Ascorbinsäure, Nitrat, Mineralstoffe) zur Analyse und Auswertung aus. Aus diesen Ergebnissen und denen der nächsten fünf Jahre erwarten wir in der Zusammenschau mit den Ergebnissen unserer Forschergruppe (vgl. SCHULZ und KÖPKE, 1995) schlüssige Hinweise auf Möglichkeiten zur Verbesserung der Qualität durch differenzierte Düngung und Behandlung mit den biologisch-dynamischen Präparaten

A influência da adubagem orgânica e mineral e da adição de preparado biodinâmico na produtividade, qualidade e armazenamento de batatas

O aumento da concentração de adubo apresentou os efeitos esperados. Comprovou-se uma alterção significativa das propriedades aqui estudadas através do uso de preparado biodinâmico, aplicado separadamente ou combinado em forma de preparado composto ou irrigado. Não fica claro porém em quais circustâncias ele atua e porque em certos casos a sua influência é contraditória. No projeto aqui apresentado encontram-se ainda em processo de análise outros parâmetros destes dois últimos anos de colheita, como concentração de nutrientes ( por exemplo ácido ascórbico, nitrato, minerais). Espera-se que após a análise do conjunto de variáveis dos cinco anos de plantio previstos seja possível estabelecer parâmetros para o aprimoramento da qualidade da batata proveniente da agricultura orgânica atrvés da adubação diferenciada e do uso de preparado biodinâmico

Possible large phase in psi(2S) -> 1-0- Decays

The strong and the electromagnetic amplitudes are analyzed on the basis of the measurements of J/psi, psi(2S) -> 1-0- in e+e- experiments. The currently available experimental information is revised with inclusion of the contribution from e+e- -> gamma * -> 1-0- . The study shows that a large phase around minus 90 degree between the strong and the electromagnetic amplitudes could not be ruled out by the experimental data for psi(2S).Comment: 4 page

Cytoplasmic colocalization of RXRα and PPARγ as an independent negative prognosticator for breast cancer patients

Retinoid X receptor α (RXRα) is a nuclear receptor (NR) which functions as the primary heterodimeric partner of other NRs including the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ). We previously reported that, in breast cancers (BC), the subcellular localization of these two receptors was strongly associated with patient prognosis. In the present work, we investigated the prognosis value of the combined cytoplasmic expression of RXRα and PPARγ using a retrospective cohort of 250 BC samples. Patients with tumors expressing both NRs in tumor cell cytoplasm exhibited a significant shorter overall (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). This was also observed for patients with stage 1 tumors. Cox univariate analysis indicated that patients with tumors coexpressing RXRα and PPARγ in the cytoplasm of tumor cells have a decreased 5 y OS rate. Cytoplasmic co-expression of the two NRs significantly correlated with HER2 positivity and with NCAD and CD133, two markers of tumor aggressiveness. Finally, in Cox multivariate analysis, the co-expression of RXRα and PPARγ in the cytoplasm appeared as an independent OS prognosticator. Altogether, this study demonstrates that the cytoplasmic co-expression of RXRα and PPARγ could be of relevance for clinicians by identifying high-risk BC patients, especially amongst those with early and node-negative disease

Prognostic relevance of nuclear receptors in relation to peritumoral inflammation and tumor infiltration by lymphocytes in breast cancer

The prognostic impact of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) is intensively investigated in breast cancer (BC). It is already known that triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), the most aggressive type of BC, has the highest percentage of TILs. In addition, there is an influence of steroid hormone receptor expression (type I nuclear receptors) on TIL subpopulations in breast cancer tissue. The link between type II nuclear receptors and the level of TILs is unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study was to quantify TILs in a panel of 264 sporadic breast cancers and investigate the correlation of TIL levels with type I and II nuclear receptors expression. TIL levels were significantly increased in the subgroup of TNBC. By contrast, they decreased in estrogen (ER)- or progesterone receptor (PR)-positive cases. Moreover, TIL levels were correlated with type II nuclear receptors, including PPARγ, with a significant inverse correlation of the nuclear form (r = −0.727, p 15% showed a significantly decreased overall survival. In addition, peritumoral inflammation was also quantified in BC tissue samples. In our cohort, although the level of peritumoral inflammation was not correlated with OS, it determined the prognostic value of ER, PR, and PPARγ in BC. Altogether, the present study provides a differentiated overview of the relations between nuclear receptor expression, TIL levels, peritumoral inflammation, and prognosis in BC

Systems-level engineering and characterization of Clostridium autoethanogenum through heterologous production of poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB)

Gas fermentation is emerging as an economically attractive option for the sustainable production of fuels and chemicals from gaseous waste feedstocks. Clostridium autoethanogenum can use CO and/or CO + H as its sole carbon and energy sources. Fermentation of C. autoethanogenum is currently being deployed on a commercial scale for ethanol production. Expanding the product spectrum of acetogens will enhance the economics of gas fermentation. To achieve efficient heterologous product synthesis, limitations in redox and energy metabolism must be overcome. Here, we engineered and characterised at a systems-level, a recombinant poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB)-producing strain of C. autoethanogenum. Cells were grown in CO-limited steady-state chemostats on two gas mixtures, one resembling syngas (20% H) and the other steel mill off-gas (2% H). Results were characterized using metabolomics and transcriptomics, and then integrated using a genome-scale metabolic model reconstruction. PHB-producing cells had an increased expression of the Rnf complex, suggesting energy limitations for heterologous production. Subsequent optimization of the bioprocess led to a 12-fold increase in the cellular PHB content. The data suggest that the cellular redox state, rather than the acetyl-CoA pool, was limiting PHB production. Integration of the data into the genome-scale metabolic model showed that ATP availability limits PHB production. Altogether, the data presented here advances the fundamental understanding of heterologous product synthesis in gas-fermenting acetogens

Ratio of Hadronic Decay Rates of J\psi and \psi(2S) and the \rho\pi Puzzle

The so-called \rho\pi puzzle of J\psi and \psi(2S) decays is examined using the experimental data available to date. Two different approaches were taken to estimate the ratio of J\psi and \psi(2S) hadronic decay rates. While one of the estimates could not yield the exact ratio of \psi(2S) to J\psi inclusive hadronic decay rates, the other, based on a computation of the inclusive ggg decay rate for \psi(2S) (J\psi) by subtracting other decay rates from the total decay rate, differs by two standard deviations from the naive prediction of perturbative QCD, even though its central value is nearly twice as large as what was naively expected. A comparison between this ratio, upon making corrections for specific exclusive two-body decay modes, and the corresponding experimental data confirms the puzzles in J\psi and \psi(2S) decays. We find from our analysis that the exclusively reconstructed hadronic decays of the \psi(2S) account for only a small fraction of its total decays, and a ratio exceeding the above estimate should be expected to occur for a considerable number of the remaining decay channels. We also show that the recent new results from the BES experiment provide crucial tests of various theoretical models proposed to explain the puzzle.Comment: 8 pages, no figure, 4 table