Curious Case of Rodent Poison: A Case Report

Osteonecrosis was first described as a consequence of ionizing radiation used in the treatment of malignant tumors but later a variety of causes for osteonecrosis were found which include, Medication induced, radiation induced, chemical induced and infection induced. Terms such as: bisphosphonate osteonecrosis (BON), Bisphosphonate Associated Osteonecrosis of the Jaws (BONJ), Bisphosphonate Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaws (BRONJ), Antiresorptive Osteonecrosis of the Jaw (ARONJ) and Medication Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw (MRONJ) have all had proponents and all continue to be utilized. However, Migliorati  first proposed a designation of the disease as osteochemonecrosis. This case report is about a chemical induced osteonecrosis patient who placed rat poison inside the mouth.&nbsp

Theories of Ultrasonic Velocities and their Application in Binary Liquid Mixtures of N-Ethylaniline with Some Toluenes (Toluene, o-Nitrotoluene and m-Nitrotoluene)

Abstract: Ultrasonic velocities and densities of the binary liquid mixtures of N-ethyl aniline with different toluenes like toluene, o-nitrotoluene and m-nitrotoluene have been measured at temperatures 303.15 and 308.15 K over the entire composition range. Various theories of ultrasonic velocity were applied to experimental values in evaluating the velocities using Nomoto's relation (U NR ), Impedence relation (U IR ), Ideal mixing relation (U IMR ), Jungie's relation (U JR )and Rao's specific velocity relation (U R ). The molecular interaction parameter (χ) has been evaluated from the values of experimental and theoretical velocities. The variation of this interaction parameter with the composition mixture has been discussed in terms of molecular interactions

In vitro Multiple shoot induction directly from Different Explants of Gardenia resinifera Roth

The study has provided a protocol for rapid in vitro propagation by multiple shoot induction of Gardenia sinifera, an important medicinal plant belonging to Rubiaceae family. Multiple shoots were induced in vitro from the nodal segments and immature fruit segments on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) alone or in combination with naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), IAA, IBA and 2, 4-D ( 2, 4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid). Internodal segments in combination with BAP (2mg/l) + NAA (0.25 mg/l) observed two shoots and in immature fruit segments maximum number of shoots (4 shoots per explant) was observed on the medium containing BAP (2 mg/l) in combination with NAA (0.5mg/l). Regenerated shoots were rooted on 1/2 MS supplemented with IAA (0.5) proved best rooting from nodal segments. The rooted in vitro raised plantlets were acclimatized in growth chamber and successfully transferred to greenhouse with 80% survival rate. The regeneration protocol developed in this study provides a basis for germplasm conservation and for further investigation of medicinally active constituents of the elite medicinal plant

Not Available

Not AvailableBackground: Rice is the staple food of Indians and it is attacked by more than 100 species of insects. Among all, brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens (Stal) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) is one of the major sucking insects, which can cause appreciable damage by sucking sap on other hand transmitting viral diseases. Farming community using several insecticides for managing the BPH. However, continuous use of these insecticides causes health hazards and environmental pollution and also leads to development of insecticide resistance. Keeping this view in mind, the present investigation has been planned with combined use of fungal formulations and commonly used neonicotinoid insecticides in rice eco system for managing BPH. Methods: This experiment was carried out in two parts, one is studied the compatibility between neonicotinoids (Thiamethoxam 25 SG and Dinotefuran 20 SG) and entomopathogenic fungi (Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae and Lecanicillium lecanii =Verticillium lecanii) by following the standard poison food technique. Second one is after studied the compatibility between neonicotinoids and entomopathogenic fungal agents, inhibitory studies were conducted under glasshouse conditions. Result: The study revealed that two tested insecticides affected the radial growth of fungi partially at all the three concentrations (0.5RC, RC and 1.5RC). At recommended concentration (RC), dinotefuran 20 SG @0.4 g/l was found to be slightly harmful to all three fungi (20% - 35% reduction of the growth of the fungus) and thiamethoxam 25 SG @ 0.25g/l appeared to be slightly harmful to B. bassiana and M. anisopliae and moderately harmful to L. lecanii (35-50% reduction of the growth of the fungus). Thiamethoxam 25SG alone recorded 65.0% mortality of BPH and when mixed with B. bassiana and M. anisopliae gave 86.25% and 81.25% mortality of BPH respectively under glass house conditions. Similarly, Dinotefuron 20 SG alone could gave 98.75% mortality of BPH.DST-INSPIR

Not Available

Not AvailableAntixenosis or non-preference mechanism of resistance to brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) collected from Mahbubnagar district of Telangana state was studied in the selected rice gene differential entries along with susceptible resistant checks. Three gene differentials viz., RP 2068-18-3-5, RP BIO 4918-230S and PTB-33 were resistant with a damage score of 2.35, 2.7 and 1.7, respectively. Four genotypes viz., MTU 1010, IR 66, IR 72 and Ndiang marie were moderately resistant with a damage score of 3.1-5.0. On the resistant gene differentials, the brown planthopper probed more number of times and excreted less amount of honeydew and sucked more xylem sap. The results indicate the non-preference mechanism of resistance in terms of feeding in the brown planthopper on resistant gene differentials. The identified resistant gene differentials can be used as donors in breeding programmes.Not Availabl

Not Available

Not AvailableThirty two rice genotypes with known and unknown genetics were evaluated for their resistance reaction to rice brown planthopper (BPH) Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) population collected from Khammam district of Telangana state, India by Standard seedbox Screening method at ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad during 2018-19. Four genotypes viz., PTB 33 (Bph2, Bph3 and Bph32 genes), RP 2068-18-3-5 (Bph33t + gene), RP Bio 4918-230S (bph39 and bph40 genes) and IR 62 (Bph3 gene) were found resistant with a damage score of 1.1-3.0. Two genotypes viz., MTU 1010 and Sinnasivappu with unknown genetics were moderately resistant. The other genotypes were susceptible to Khammam BPH population. The resistant genotypes can be used in the breeding programme to develop brown planthopper resistant varieties for that region. The morphometrics i.e total body length and width, abdominal length and width, length of rostrum, length of tibial spur, antennal length, interocular distance of five nymphal instars (1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th), winged (macropterous), wingless (brachypterous) females and males were recorded. In case of macropterous and brachypterous adults the length and width of wing were also measured. The females measured from 2.6 mm to 3.2 mm and the males measured from 1.9 to 2.3 mm in length. The length of tibial spur was 0.29 to 0.35 mm and that of rostrum was 0.86 mm in males and 1.19 mm in females. The nymphal instars increased in body length from 1.19 mm (1st instar) to 3.3 mm (5th instar).Not Availabl

Design, synthesis, and discovery of novel non-peptide inhibitor of Caspase-3 using ligand based and structure based virtual screening approach

Caspase-3 belonging to a family of cysteine proteases is main executioner of apoptotic cascade pathway. The inhibitors of this protein are useful in the treatment of cardiomyopathy and neurodegenerative diseases. For the discovery of novel Caspase-3 non-peptide inhibitors from Maybridge database, ligand based and structure based virtual screening methods were used. Quantitative 3D pharmacophore models were generated using 25 known inhibitors of Caspase-3 and it was used as initial screen to retrieve the hits from the database. These compounds with high estimated activity were analyzed for drug like properties and docking studies were performed, to study the interaction between new hits and active site. One of the hits (AW01208), with good predictions was selected for synthesis and biological screening. This compound showed an inhibition activity against Caspase-3 in SKNH cell lines