12 research outputs found
Studio prospettivo di confronto di due mezzi di contrasto a differente concentrazioni di iodio in tomografia computerizzata multidetettore del pancreas
Contrast enhancement in multidetector-row computed tomography (MDCT) of the abdomen: intraindividual comparison of contrast media containing 300Â mg versus 370Â mg iodine per ml
Virus-Like Particles as Carrier Systems to Enhance Immunomodulation in Allergen Immunotherapy
Device-assessed physical activity and sedentary behavior in a community-based cohort of older adults
Modified Allergens for Immunotherapy
Purpose of Review During the past few decades, modified allergens have been developed for use in allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) with the aim to improve efficacy and reduce adverse effects. This review aims to provide an overview of the different types of modified allergens, their mechanism of action and their potential for improving AIT. Recent Findings In-depth research in the field of allergen modifications as well as the advance of recombinant DNA technology have paved the way for improved diagnosis and research on human allergic diseases. A wide range of structurally modified allergens has been generated including allergen peptides, chemically altered allergoids, adjuvant-coupled allergens, and nanoparticle-based allergy vaccines. These modified allergens show promise for the development of AIT regimens with improved safety and long-term efficacy. Certain modifications ensure reduced IgE reactivity and retained T cell reactivity, which facilities induction of immune tolerance to the allergen. To date, multiple clinical trials have been performed using modified allergens. Promising results were obtained for the modified cat, grass and birch pollen, and house dust mite allergens. Summary The use of modified allergens holds promise for improving AIT efficacy and safety. There is however a need for larger clinical studies to reliably assess the added benefit for the patient of using modified allergens for AIT. Keywords Allergen-specific immunotherapy COPs SPIREs Nanoparticles Allergoid
Behavioral and Physical Activity Interventions for HAND
Approximately 30-50% of persons living with HIV manifest some degree of neurocognitive impairment. Even mild-to-moderate forms of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) can result in difficulties with everyday functioning, such as suboptimal medication adherence and impaired driving. Despite the pervasive presence and consequences of HAND, there is a significant unmet need to develop effective behavioral strategies to reduce the incidence and consequences of HAND. Although there is an absence of evidence-based behavioral interventions specific to HAND, the literature reviewed in this chapter suggest the following modifiable lifestyle factors as intervention targets: physical activity, diet, sleep, and antiretroviral medication adherence. Adoption and maintenance of these healthy lifestyle factors may reduce inflammation and oxidative stress, which, in turn, may reduce the incidence and/or severity of HAND