The survey of removal of suspended solids from river at flooding period by plain sedimentation process

The most important of surface sources of water in the large city are rivers. The turbidity and flow rate of rivers is a constantly changing phenomenon in the seasons from year. During rainy period, the run off carries with it silt, clay and sand which make a severe increasing in turbidity to over 1000NTU. The increasing of turbidity causes which the water plant treatment receives the more solides.However; in order to protection of plant units must apply pretreatment processes. In this research, the effectiveness of settling process in order to removal of TSS from raw water was studied. The beginning of the work, lab-scale pilot designed which consisted of a raw water preparation container; the settling column was made of Plexiglas with 2m height, 20cm diameter and the six of sampling ports. The settling column filled with the raw water associated with sediments of river. At defined time steps (30-60-90-120-150-180 min) samples were taken out from the bottom of the column (180cm under water surface). The temperature of water was in the range of 15 to 18oC during experiments. The results showed that between the increasing of TSS removal and settling time, a direct and significant relative (p<0/01) was obtained by Pearson, s correlation coefficient. Also with increasing the depth, the removal efficiency of TSS and turbidity decreased. In the settling time of 30min, 2640mg/L of TSS concentration, the depths of 30 and 180cm, systematically, the TSS removal 92.42% and 80.47% was obtained. when the initial TSS concentration increase to 27640mg/L (the most concentration of TSS), with increasing SOR from 25m/d to 60m/d, the total removal efficiency decreased from 99.2% to 92.2%, and with the TSS of concentration equals to 2640mg/L, the rate of total removal efficiency decreased from 97.2% to 95.7%. The results showed that the rising of SOR and TSS concentration, decreased the total removal efficiency. Also, these are an opposite and significant relative (p<0/05) between the removal of TSS and initial concentration of TSS

Bina Ekonomi

Bina Ekonomi adalah jurnal ilmiah yang diterbitkan secara berkala dua kali dalam satu tahun. Jurnal ini mewadahi karya tulis akademik hasil penelitian literatur maupun lapangan di bidang Ilmu Ekonomi, Manajemen, dan Akuntansi, yang diharapkan dapat memberi sumbangan pemahaman maupun alternatif solusi masalah ekonomi yang ada

Effect of dissolved oxygen and chemical oxygen demand to nitrogen ratios on the partial nitrification/denitrification process in moving bed biofilm reactors

Partial nitrification was reported to be technically feasible and economically favorable, especially for wastewater with high ammonium concentration or low C/N ratio. In this study, the effect of dissolved oxygen (DO) and influent ratio of chemical oxygen demand to nitrogen (COD/N) ratio on biological nitrogen removal from synthetic wastewater was investigated. Experiments were conducted in moving bed biofilm reactors (MBBRs) on partial nitrification process in pilot-plant configuration for 300 days. DO levels were changed from 0.04 to 0.12 and 0.42 to 3.4 mg/l in the anoxic (R1) and aerobic (R2) reactors, respectively. The optimum DO for partial nitrification was between 1-1.5 mg/l in the aerobic reactor (R2). Influent COD/N ratios between 20 and 2 g COD/g-N were tested by changing the nitrogen loading rate (NLR) supplied to the pilot plant. During operational conditions when the DO concentration in aerobic reactor was above 1 mg/l, near complete organic carbon removal occurred in the total MBBRs system. The effluent total nitrogen concentration in the operational conditions (1.7-2.1 mg O2/l and NH+ 4-N=35.7 mg N/l) was obtained in the range of 0.85-2 mg/l. The highest nitrite accumulation (50%- 52%) took place at the DO concentration of 1-1.5 mg/l and increased with decreasing COD/N ratio in aerobic reactor (R2). This study showed that the average nitrification rate at various COD/N ratios is about 0.96 gN/m2 per day while the maximum nitrification rate is about 2 gN/m2 per day at COD/N ratios lower than 6. The experimental COD/N ratio for denitrification was close to complete sum of NO2 - and NO3 - (NOx) removal efficiency (about 99%) at COD/N ratio equal 14 in the operational conditions in the anoxic reactor (R1)

Perencanaan Tebal Perkerasan Ruas Jalan Di Sta 0+000 S/d 4+000 Pada Areal Perkebunan Sawit PT. Jabontara Eka Karsa

Kabupaten Berau adalah salah satu kabupaten di Provinsi Kalimantan Timur, Indonesia. Ibu kota kabupaten ini terletak di Tanjung Redeb. Di kabupaten inilah terdapat perkebunan kelapa sawit milik PT. JEK (Jambontara Eka Karsa) tepatnya di kecamatan Batu Putih dengan luas wilayah 25.000 hektar. Dengan demikian akan berakibat langsung kepada kebutuhan akan sistem transportasi. Salah satu alternatif pemecahanannya dengan meningkatan fasilitas dan kemampuan jaringan jalan. oleh karena itu, perlu direncanakan jalan demi memudahkan arus lalu lintas di daerah tersebut

Identification of Leptospira Strain in Rat at Leptospirosis Area in Gresik District, East Java Province

IDENTIFICATION OF LEPTOSPIRA STRAIN IN RAT AT LEPTOSPIROSIS AREA IN GRESIK DISTRICT, EAST JAVA PROVINC