Unilateral congenital elongation of the cervical part of the internal carotid artery with kinking and looping: two case reports and review of the literature

Unilateral and bilateral variation in the course and elongation of the cervical (extracranial) part of the internal carotid artery (ICA) leading to its tortuosity, kinking and coiling or looping is not a rare condition, which could be caused by both embryological and acquired factors. Patients with such variations may be asymptomatic in some cases; in others, they can develop cerebrovascular symptoms due to carotid stenosis affecting cerebral circulation. The risk of transient ischemic attacks in patients with carotid stenosis is high and its surgical correction is indicated for the prevention of ischemic stroke. Detection of developmental variations of the ICA and evaluation of its stenotic areas is very important for surgical interventions and involves specific diagnostic imaging techniques for vascular lesions including contrast arteriography, duplex ultrasonography and magnetic resonance angiography. Examination of obtained images in cases of unusual and complicated variations of vascular pattern of the ICA may lead to confusion in interpretation of data. Awareness about details and topographic anatomy of variations of the ICA may serve as a useful guide for both radiologists and vascular surgeons. It may help to prevent diagnostic errors, influence surgical tactics and interventional procedures and avoid complications during the head and neck surgery. Our present study was conducted with a purpose of updating data about developmental variations of the ICA. Dissections of the main neurovascular bundle of the head and neck were performed on a total 14 human adult cadavers (10 – Africans: 7 males & 3 females and 4 – East Indians: all males). Two cases of unilateral congenital elongation of the cervical part of the ICA with kinking and looping and carotid stenoses were found only in African males. Here we present their detailed case reports with review of the literature

Rod-Shaped Bivalents indicate new assemblage among Anatolian Water Frog Populations

WOS: 000236620700006The general features of the mitotic and meiotic chromosomes analysed in 91 frogs belonging to nine water frog Populations distributed in Southwest Anatolia. The differences found in mitotic and meiotic chromosomes revealed the existence of two groups among the populations: the first "Aegean Group" includes those from Izmir, Bulca, Pazaragac, and the second - "Lake District Group" from Eber, Aksehir, Gelendost, Egirdir, Golcuk, and Beysehir populations. The major distinction appeared in the number of the rod-shaped bivalents in metaphase 1, with only one in the "Aegean Group" compared to one or two in the "Lake District Group". This result indicates a new assemblage among Anatolian water frogs and strengthens the Suggestion that the "Lake District Group" that have one or two rod shaped bivalents in metaphase I due to the inclusion of hybrid lineages containing both parental genomes. It is clear that at least two separate species are present in Anatolia; one of them is possibly Rana ridibunda from the north and the second is closer to the Balkan species Rana epeirotica and Rana shqiperica

First record of Lartetictis (Carnivora, Mustelidae, Lutrinae) in Turkey from the middle Miocene hominoid locality of Paşalar

The present paper addresses the study of new fossils of the extinct lutrine Lartetictis Ginsburg & Morales, 1996 from the early middle Miocene of Göriach (Austria, late MN5-early MN6) and from the hominoid locality of Paşalar (Turkey, late MN5). The mandibular material of Lartetictis from Göriach is described and assigned to the type species, Lartetictis dubia. The mandibular and dental specimens from Paşalar proceed from the digging seasons 1983–2018, and constitute one of the larger samples of Lartetictis, enabling us to erect the species Lartetictis pasalarensis sp. nov. Its large size and features that are more derived than those of the Central European L. dubia characterises this new Turkish species. Among other features, L. pasalarensis shows a relatively low and broader P4 protocone, a larger distolingual expansion of the M1 lingual platform, higher cuspids of the m1 and a more trenchant m1 talonid. This new taxon represents the first datum of Lartetictis in Turkey as well as the easternmost record of the genus. Careful comparison between Lartetictis and other extinct otters from the middle Miocene, including Paralutra in Europe, Siamogale in Asia and Mionictis in North America, suggests a closer relationship with the latter group. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:74C19A50-91B4-4878-B702-5F8C03E41F4A. © 2019 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.111Y192 Ege Üniversitesi: 2015/FEN/170, TTM/001/2016, TTM/002/2016 American Museum of Natural History, AMNH: AT-TAF-5457The Paşalar excavations were carried out on behalf of the T.C. Ministry of Culture and Tourism, Directorate of Antiquities, and the University of Ankara, Faculty of Language, History and Geography. Excavations were funded by the Directorate of Antiquities. We (A.V and S.M) particularly thank B. Alpagut for inviting us to work with her on the Paşalar carnivora material. We would like to thank the curators and collection managers J. Galking and J. Meng, and R. O´leary (AMNH); G. Rössner (BSPG); U.B. Göhlich (NHMW) and the photographer A. Schumacher (NHMW), for access to comparative material under his care and for assistance with the pictures of Lartetictis from Göriach; L. Costeur (NMB); and R. Ziegler (SMNS). We are grateful to J. Morales (MNCN) for pictures of Lartetictis dubia from Sansan (France), to M. Aiglstorfer (SMNS) for the pictures and measurements of the m1 of Paralutra jaegeri from Steinheim, such as the measurements of the M1 of Lartetictis dubia from Goldberg, to M. Gross (UMJGP) for the pictures of Lartetictis dubia from Göriach studied by Thenius (), such as C. Grohé (AMNH) for sharing information and pictures of Siamogale thailandica from Mae Moh Basin. Thanks are due to C. de Brun and A. Chinsamy-Turan for the English review of the manuscript. A.V. received support by the American Museum of Natural History Collection Study Grant Program 2014. A.V. also received support by the project SYNTHESYS3, http://www.synthesys.info/(SYNTHESYS; AT-TAF-5457), financed by the European Community Research Infrastructure Action under the FP7 “Capacities” Programme as part of the comparative analyses for this study. The support of the DST-NFR Centre of Excellence in Palaeosciences (CoE-Pal) toward this research for A.V. (COE2018-09POST) is hereby acknowledged. Opinions expressed and conclusions arrived at, are those of the author and are not necessarily to be attributed to the CoE-Pal. S.M. was supported by international bilateral research of TUBITAK-RFBR 111Y192, Ege University Research Projects 2015/FEN/170, TTM/001/2016 and TTM/002/2016 during his visits in Germany and Bursa-Paşalar. We are also indebted to the Editors-in-Chief G. Dyke and two anonymous reviewer for their useful comments and suggestions, which significantly improved the original manuscript. Finally, we acknowledge all the students and colleagues that have participated in the excavation held at the Paşalar fossil site, as well as the International Team of palaeontologist at Paşalar in 2016

Taxonomic review of the genus Armenohelops Nabozhenko, 2002 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) with additional support of the mitochondrial COI gene sequences

The genus Armenohelops Nabozhenko, 2002 (Tenebrionidae: Helopini: Cylindrinotina) with 9  species from Anatolia, Armenia and North Western Iran is revised. Two new species are described (both from Turkey): A.  parvocularis sp.  n., A.  fouquei sp.  n. New synonyms are established: Armenohelops bosphoranus (Allard, 1876) = Stenomax fundator Reitter, 1908, syn. n.; Armenohelops amasiae (Seidlitz, 1896)  = Cylindronotus (Odocnemis) strangulatus Reitter, 1922,  syn.  n. New combinations are established: Armenohelops scutellatus (Reitter, 1902),  comb.  n. (from Odocnemis Allard, 1876), Armenohelops bosphoranus (Allard, 1876),  comb.  n. (from Odocnemis), Armenohelops amasiae (Seidlitz, 1896),  comb.  n. (from Odocnemis). Lectotypes of Stenomax scutellatus Reitter, 1902, Stenomax fundator Reitter, 1908 and Cylindronotus strangulatus Reitter, 1922 are designated. Molecular phylogenetic analyses were also conducted using mitochondrial COI sequences, in order to confirm the monophyly of the newly collected material of A. amasiae from different populations. Taxonomic history, distribution, morphology, position of the genus in the tribe Helopini and key to species are give

The genus Gunarus Des Gozis, 1886 belongs to the subtribe Cylindrinotina (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Helopini)

The genus Gunarus Des Gozis, 1886 is transferred from the subtribe Helopina to the subtribe Cylindrinotina (Tenebrionidae: Helopini) based on the structure of male aedeagus and presence of posterior ventral grooves of lower aspect of eye in the type species Gunarus hirtulus (Reiche, 1861). New combinations are established: Stenohelops (Stenomaleis) gayirbegi (Nabozhenko et Keskin, 2009), comb. n. (from Gunarus), Stenohelops (Stenomaleis) korkutelensis (Nabozhenko et Keskin, 2009), comb. n. (from Gunarus) and Ectromopsis ovipennis (Allard, 1877),  comb.  n. (from Gunarus). The species Gunarus arenicola Antoine, 1949 and G. bremondi Antoine, 1949 must be transferred to the subtribe Helopina but its generic position is unknown. Generic position of other 7 Gunarus species must be revised accordingly to the position of the type species G. hirtulus in the system of the tribe Helopini. Key to similar genera Nalassus, Gunarus, Ectromopsis, Xanthomus is given

Control of asymmetric biaryl conformations with terpenol moieties: Syntheses, structures and energetics of new enantiopure C 2-symmetric diols

New enantiopure, C 2-symmetric biphenyl-2,2′-diols based on (−)-menthone (BIMOL), (−)-verbenone (BIVOL) and (−)-carvone (BICOL and hydrogenated BIMEOL), are accessible via short, synthetic routes. All diols form intramolecular hydrogen bonds and hence can be employed as chelating ligands for catalyst design, as it demonstrated for the (−)-fenchone based BIFOL. The sense of asymmetry of the biphenyl axes is controlled by the chiral terpene units and is conformationally surprisingly stable. X-ray analyses reveal M biphenyl conformation for BIMOL and P biphenyl conformation for each of BIVOL, BICOL and BIMEOL. The origins of the conformational biphenyl preferences are confirmed by computational ONIOM evaluations of the diols and their diastereomeric conformers. The experimentally observed biphenyl conformations are all energetically preferred, i.e. with 1.3 kcal/mol for ( M )-BIMOL, with 5.1 kcal/mol for ( P )-BIVOL, with 5.8 kcal/mol for ( P )-BICOL, and with 5.4 kcal/mol for ( P )-BIMEOL

The Westernmost Asian Record of Pythonids (Serpentes): The Presence of Python in a Miocene Hominoid Locality of Anatolia

2-s2.0-85091073434[No abstract available]111Y192 Ege Üniversitesi: 2015/FEN/170, TTM/001/2016, TTM/002/2016 Università degli Studi di Torino, UNITO: AT-TAF-5911, HU-TAF-6145, SYNTHESYS ES-TAF-5910 Hungarian Natural History Museum, HNHM: SYNTHESYS GB-TAF-6591The Pa?alar excavations were carried out on behalf of the T.C. Ministry of Culture and Tourism, Directorate of Antiquities, and the University of Ankara, Faculty of Language, History and Geography. Excavations were funded by the Directorate of Antiquities. We (G.L.G., S.M., G.G., A.S?.) particularly thank B.A. for inviting us to work with her on the Pa?alar material. G.L.G. acknowledges support from a postdoctoral grant from the University of Turin. Access to comparative skeletal material of various extinct and extant snakes was made possible through grants SYNTHESYS ES-TAF-5910 (MNCN), SYNTHESYS AT-TAF-5911 (NHMW), SYNTHESYS HU-TAF-6145 (HNHM), and SYNTHESYS GB-TAF-6591 (NHMUK) to G.L.G., and the respective curators (M. Calvo-Revuelta, H. Grillitsch and S. Schweiger, J. V?r?s, and S. Chapman) are highly thanked here. S.M. was supported by international bilateral research of TUBITAK-RFBR 111Y192, Ege University Research Projects 2015/FEN/170, TTM/001/2016, and TTM/002/2016 during his visits to Pa?alar locality. The quality of the manuscript was improved by useful comments made by the editor, J. Head, and the two reviewers, A. Schmaltz Hsiou and an anonymous one.The Paşalar excavations were carried out on behalf of the T.C. Ministry of Culture and Tourism, Directorate of Antiquities, and the University of Ankara, Faculty of Language, History and Geography. Excavations were funded by the Directorate of Antiquities. We (G.L.G., S.M., G.G., A.Ş.) particularly thank B.A. for inviting us to work with her on the Paşalar material. G.L.G. acknowledges support from a postdoctoral grant from the University of Turin. Access to comparative skeletal material of various extinct and extant snakes was made possible through grants SYNTHESYS ES-TAF-5910 (MNCN), SYNTHESYS AT-TAF-5911 (NHMW), SYNTHESYS HU-TAF-6145 (HNHM), and SYNTHESYS GB-TAF-6591 (NHMUK) to G.L.G., and the respective curators (M. Calvo-Revuelta, H. Grillitsch and S. Schweiger, J. Vörös, and S. Chapman) are highly thanked here. S.M. was supported by international bilateral research of TUBITAK-RFBR 111Y192, Ege University Research Projects 2015/FEN/170, TTM/001/2016, and TTM/002/2016 during his visits to Paşalar locality. The quality of the manuscript was improved by useful comments made by the editor, J. Head, and the two reviewers, A. Schmaltz Hsiou and an anonymous one

Positive Energy Balance Calculation in Two Case Studies

The calculation of the energy balance at the district level is complex since it includes a diverse set of loads, technologies, energy carriers, trading interactions between users and external grids (power, district heating/cooling, gas, etc.) and assumptions such as the identification of Primary Energy Factors (PEFs) in different contexts. This research validates the H2020 MAKING-CITY methodology for calculating the energy balance of Positive Energy Districts (PEDs) in two case studies: the cities of Groningen and Torrelago. For each case, the steps defined in the methodology are followed, dealing with assumptions on non-renewable Primary Energy Factors and critical elements regarding the district boundary. This research shows the applicability of the developed calculation methodology for cities in the design phase as well in the implementation phase of PEDs