Les enjeux d’une approche chronologique de la maison paysanne dans les Pays de la Loire

This article is based on the observation of how masonry came to be used in the construction of peasant dwellings. This observation in the field raises the following questions. What was the ‘primitive’ nature of these constructions? What are the chronological indicators, different from one region to another, that permit precise dating for this appearance of masonry: archival sources, inscriptions, technical criteria, structural forms, nature of the masonry, stylistic considerations, surrounds of windows and doors, chimneys? This approach to the question can lead to a certain degree of precision in the dating of peasant dwellings, and implies a new appraisal of the ways this substitution took place. It is all the more interesting in so far as it raises interrogations about the uses of the peasant house, its architectural ‘brief’

Mathurin Jousse, maître serrurier à La Flèche et théoricien d'architecture (vers 1575-1645)

Mathurin Jousse est essentiellement connu pour avoir publié trois traités de construction consacrés à la serrurerie, la charpente et la stéréotomie, les premiers du genre en France. Ces ouvrages témoignent assurément de la variété des centres d'intérêt d'un auteur, curieux de l'activité de métiers du bâtiment aussi divers. Traités pratiques plutôt que théoriques, ils semblent en outre fondés sur une certaine expérience, au point qu'il paraissait impensable, aux yeux de beaucoup, que Jousse n'..

Maison de terre et de roseau : regards sur la bourrine du marais de Monts

The rural buildings of the Monts marshes, a coastal zone to the north-west of the Vendée region, comprise a small group of « bourrines », modest peasants’ dwellings with walls of cobwork - earth and straw mortar - and roofs thatched in reeds. Some of the architectural dispositions of these buildings, as well as the construction techniques, are surprisingly archaic. Although these dwellings were built relatively recently, during the 19th century or the early years of the 20th, the « bourrine » might possibly a source of information on the « primitive house » dear to the ethnologist Jean Cuisenier

Bibliographie des travaux de Joël Perrin

Figure 1Joël Perrin en Aquitaine© Inventaire général, ADAGP, 1969-1970Avec C. Duboÿ-Lahonde. Reliquaires et croix de procession du Béarn, cat. exp. Pau : Musée national du château, 6 avril-5 mai 1977 (multigr.)Dessins de Jean et Joseph Richier. Leur participation à l’atelier de Pierre 1er Biard. Bulletin de la Société de l’Histoire de l’Art français - 1976. Paris : De Nobele, 1978, p. 37-47.Lembeye. Développement et morphologie d'une ville fortifiée (XIIIe-XVIIIe siècles). Revue de Pau et du ..

Phosphorylation of Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK) on Ser732 Is Induced by Rho-dependent Kinase and Is Essential for Proline-rich Tyrosine Kinase-2–mediated Phosphorylation of FAK on Tyr407 in Response to Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor

Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is phosphorylated on tyrosine and serine residues after cell activation. In the present work, we investigated the relationship between tyrosine and serine phosphorylation of FAK in promoting endothelial cell migration in response to vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). We found that VEGF induces the activation of the Rho-dependent kinase (ROCK) downstream from vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) 2. In turn, activated ROCK directly phosphorylates FAK on Ser732. Proline-rich tyrosine kinase-2 (Pyk2) is also activated in response to VEGF. Its activation requires the clustering of integrin α(v)β(3) and triggers directly the phosphorylation of Tyr407 within FAK, an event necessary for cell migration. Interestingly, ROCK-mediated phosphorylation of Ser732 is essential for Pyk2-dependent phosphorylation of Tyr407, because the latter is abrogated in cells expressing a FAK mutant that is nonphosphorylatable on Ser732. We suggest that VEGF elicits the activation of the VEGFR2–ROCK pathway, leading to phosphorylation of Ser732 within FAK. In turn, phosphorylation of Ser732 would change the conformation of FAK, making it accessible to Pyk2 activated in response to its association with integrin β3. Then, activated Pyk2 triggers the phosphorylation of FAK on Tyr407, promoting cell migration