Clinical-epidemiological Characterization of Suicide in Elder Adults

Foundation: suicide is one of the first causes of death in Pinar del Rio. The mortality rate due to suicide in Consolación del Sur exceeds the national average, most of the cases range over 60 years old. Objective: to characterize elderly people dead due to suicide in Consolación del Sur between 2000 and 2015. Method: a descriptive research was done with the universe of 85 dead elder adults. The calculation was done on the bases of mortality data and typification survey of suicidal behavior of the non-transmissible diseases department of the Provincial Center of Hygiene and Epidemiology. The variables analyzed were: age range, sex, scholarship, marital status, working status, if they lived alone or not, type of conflict, suicidal method, previous suicidal attempt, addictions and premature mortality. Results: the rate of suicide increased proportionally to age, the average age was 73,8 ±8,9 years old. There was a male over mortality of 3,7 men by each woman. The most frequent suicides occurred in old men with elementary school level, without working or marital bond and living with other people but with noticeable problems in the familial structure and functioning. The most frequent method was hanging. Most of the elders did not have previous suicidal attempts nor additions. It was observed a premature death in 52,9 % of the cases. Conclusion: premature death due to suicide can be seen as a reflection of the deterioration of the quantity of life but also its quality of the studied elder adults

Cáncer de mama, su caracterización epidemiológica

Introduction: Breast cancer is a health problem, ranking the second leading cause of cancer death in women.Objective: To describe the epidemiology of breast cancer in women from Pinar del Río municipality in the period 2012-2013.Materials and methods: an observational, descriptive study was conducted. The target group was comprised of all women attending to the cancer hospital during 2012 and 2013 from Pinar del Río municipality and presenting clinical-pathologic diagnosis of breast cancer (N = 135). To obtain the information a survey was conducted where the main variables were collected from demographic data (age), personal history of benign and malignant lesions, family history of breast cancer, elements associated with nutritional status, lifestyles of patients, as well as their endocrine and reproductive characteristics. Statistical data processing was performed using summary measures for qualitative variables (absolute frequencies with percentages) and (average) quantitative variables.Results: the disease prevailed between 50 and 69 years old. The most common risk factors were early menarche, non-breastfeeding women or those breastfeeding lees than 4 months and the use of hormonal contraceptives.Conclusion: at least one known risk factor for developing breast cancer was identified in women studied, however the nonexistence of these risk factors do not exclude the possibility of suffering from it.Introducción: el cáncer de mama constituye un problema de salud, ocupando la segunda causa de muerte por cáncer en mujeres.Objetivo: caracterizar los aspectos epidemiológicos del cáncer de mama en las mujeres del municipio Pinar del Río en el 2012-2013.Material y Método: se realizó una investigación observacional, descriptiva, el universo de estudio lo constituyeron todas las mujeres del municipio Pinar del Río con diagnóstico clínico y anátomo-patológico de cáncer de mama (135), atendidas en el hospital oncológico de la provincia en los años 2012 y 2013. Para la obtención de la información se aplicó una encuesta cuyas variables principales recogían datos demográficos (edad), antecedentes personales de lesiones benignas y/o malignas, y familiares de cáncer de mama, elementos relacionados con el estado nutricional, los estilos de vida de las pacientes así como sus características endocrino-reproductivas. Se hizo uso de la estadística descriptiva  de medidas de resumen para variables cualitativas (frecuencias absolutas y porcentajes) y para variables cuantitativas (promedio).Resultados: predominio de la enfermedad entre los 50 y 69 años de edad; los factores de riesgos más frecuentes fueron menarquia precoz, no ofrecimiento o menos de 4 meses de lactancia materna y uso de anticonceptivos hormonales.Conclusión: en las mujeres estudiadas los factores de riesgo endocrino-metabólicos fueron los que más presentes estuvieron

Cáncer de mama, su caracterización epidemiológica

Introduction: Breast cancer is a health problem, ranking the second leading cause of cancer death in women.Objective: To describe the epidemiology of breast cancer in women from Pinar del Río municipality in the period 2012-2013.Materials and methods: an observational, descriptive study was conducted. The target group was comprised of all women attending to the cancer hospital during 2012 and 2013 from Pinar del Río municipality and presenting clinical-pathologic diagnosis of breast cancer (N = 135). To obtain the information a survey was conducted where the main variables were collected from demographic data (age), personal history of benign and malignant lesions, family history of breast cancer, elements associated with nutritional status, lifestyles of patients, as well as their endocrine and reproductive characteristics. Statistical data processing was performed using summary measures for qualitative variables (absolute frequencies with percentages) and (average) quantitative variables.Results: the disease prevailed between 50 and 69 years old. The most common risk factors were early menarche, non-breastfeeding women or those breastfeeding lees than 4 months and the use of hormonal contraceptives.Conclusion: at least one known risk factor for developing breast cancer was identified in women studied, however the nonexistence of these risk factors do not exclude the possibility of suffering from it.Introducción: el cáncer de mama constituye un problema de salud, ocupando la segunda causa de muerte por cáncer en mujeres.Objetivo: caracterizar los aspectos epidemiológicos del cáncer de mama en las mujeres del municipio Pinar del Río en el 2012-2013.Material y Método: se realizó una investigación observacional, descriptiva, el universo de estudio lo constituyeron todas las mujeres del municipio Pinar del Río con diagnóstico clínico y anátomo-patológico de cáncer de mama (135), atendidas en el hospital oncológico de la provincia en los años 2012 y 2013. Para la obtención de la información se aplicó una encuesta cuyas variables principales recogían datos demográficos (edad), antecedentes personales de lesiones benignas y/o malignas, y familiares de cáncer de mama, elementos relacionados con el estado nutricional, los estilos de vida de las pacientes así como sus características endocrino-reproductivas. Se hizo uso de la estadística descriptiva  de medidas de resumen para variables cualitativas (frecuencias absolutas y porcentajes) y para variables cuantitativas (promedio).Resultados: predominio de la enfermedad entre los 50 y 69 años de edad; los factores de riesgos más frecuentes fueron menarquia precoz, no ofrecimiento o menos de 4 meses de lactancia materna y uso de anticonceptivos hormonales.Conclusión: en las mujeres estudiadas los factores de riesgo endocrino-metabólicos fueron los que más presentes estuvieron

Prostate-specific Antigen as a Predictor for the Diagnosis of Prostate Adenocarcinoma

Background: prostatic neoplasms remain asymptomatic for several years and are the second leading cause of morbidity and mortality among men over 50 years. Objective: to identify the presence of prostate adenocarcinoma through prostate-specific antigen screening in men older than 50 years. Method: a descriptive study was carried out in Consolación del Sur from January 2011 through September 2013. The universe consisted of all men (3155) aged 50 and older who underwent the test in this municipality. A survey was conducted to obtain information related to age, skin color, prostate-specific antigen results, indication for the test and year it was performed. Statistical data processing was executed using absolute frequencies, percentages and averages. Results: the screening covered 21.8 % of the population and yet 17 new cases were diagnosed. Patients aged 80 years and over predominated. The test that identifies patients at risk for prostate adenocarcinoma showed a low percentage of positivity (0.5 %). Urology specialists established more diagnosis than all family physicians in the municipality. Conclusions: the prostate-specific antigen is a useful test for the diagnosis of prostate adenocarcinoma. For that reason, it should be used as routine examination in all men older than 50 years in patients suspected of having this condition

Clinical-epidemiological Characterization of Suicide in Elder Adults

Foundation: suicide is one of the first causes of death in Pinar del Rio. The mortality rate due to suicide in Consolación del Sur exceeds the national average, most of the cases range over 60 years old. Objective: to characterize elderly people dead due to suicide in Consolación del Sur between 2000 and 2015. Method: a descriptive research was done with the universe of 85 dead elder adults. The calculation was done on the bases of mortality data and typification survey of suicidal behavior of the non-transmissible diseases department of the Provincial Center of Hygiene and Epidemiology. The variables analyzed were: age range, sex, scholarship, marital status, working status, if they lived alone or not, type of conflict, suicidal method, previous suicidal attempt, addictions and premature mortality. Results: the rate of suicide increased proportionally to age, the average age was 73,8 ±8,9 years old. There was a male over mortality of 3,7 men by each woman. The most frequent suicides occurred in old men with elementary school level, without working or marital bond and living with other people but with noticeable problems in the familial structure and functioning. The most frequent method was hanging. Most of the elders did not have previous suicidal attempts nor additions. It was observed a premature death in 52,9 % of the cases. Conclusion: premature death due to suicide can be seen as a reflection of the deterioration of the quantity of life but also its quality of the studied elder adults