Split-Half Analysis : Measurement of Validity and Reliability of the Career Counselling Self-Efficacy Scale (CCSES) in Malaysian Public Universities

Self-efficacy is an important aspect in measuring counsellor’s abilities to conduct counselling processes. This study aims to assess the validity and reliability of self-efficacy using the Split-half technique. The Career Counselling Self-Efficacy Scale (SSES) aims to measure the level of counsellor’s readiness to provide career counselling services to clients that covers aspects of knowledge and skills. A quantitative approach was used and data analysed by using the SPSS. The instrument has been translated into Malay and involved a 25 items instrument consisting of five sub-scales related to the counsellor’s efficacy. The analysis using the Split-half approach reported the reliability value for the entire item of Part 1 (0.96) and Part 2 (0.97). The study has inferred that the instrument has a satisfactory level of reliability and can be used in the Malaysian context. The new version of instruments has an impact to the counsellor competency in practice. The counsellor will have a view in terms of their ability to handle career counselling. Aside from curriculum development, career counselling can be improved in line with current need. There are a limited numbers of inventories translated into Malay. The new version of CCSES can minimise the cultural issues faced by counsellors in their practice

Adult Attachment, Personality and Emotional Intelligence

Children develop different types of emotional bonds to those who care for them. This fact is pertinent here because attachment styles take the form of disparate, relatively stable patterns of emotionality that influences relationships, reaction to stress or loss and other emotional dilemmas in life. Different attachment styles create different personality for an adult. Due to this reason, recognizing our attachment pattern can help us understand our strengths and weaknesses of our personality. This study aims to identify the relationship between adult attachment, personality and emotional intelligence among trainee counsellors in Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS). This research adopted a correlational research design. The sample consists of 106 respondents from year 3 and year 4 trainee counsellors in Universiti Malaysia Sarawak. The study consists of three main variables which are attachment dimension, Big Five Personality and emotional intelligence. In this study, the questionnaires used were Experience in Close Relationship (ECR), Big Five Personality and The Schutte Self Report Emotional Intelligence Test (SSEIT). The finding indicated that there is a significant relationship between adult attachment; anxiety and personality; agreeableness and neuroticism. The outcome of the study would be an essential finding that would raise awareness on the importance of adult attachment, personality and emotional intelligence. Knowing our attachment dimension, personality traits as well as emotional intelligence would help us develop a working plan to cope with our environment

Adult Attachment, Emotional Intelligence and Depression among Low Rank Police Officers

The study was aimed to examine the relationship between adult attachment and emotional intelligence and depression among low rank police officers in Sarawak Contingent Police Headquarter. A correlational research design with a quantitative method and random sampling was adopted in this study. Three instruments were used in this study; Experience in Close Relationship (ECR), Self-Report of Emotional Intelligence Scales, and Depression – Happiness Scales. About 250 low rank police officers; 171 men and 79 women were participated in this study. Analysis of variance was used to estimate the adult attachment emotional intelligence scores as associated with depression. The types of adult attachment were tested as a moderator in the association between emotional intelligence and depression. The finding indicated that emotional intelligence was significantly associated with depression (r = .165, p < .010). Depression has showed not significantly associated with attachment avoidance (r = -.057, p = .552), but significantly associated with anxiety (r = .287, p < .010). The finding suggested that emotional intelligence plays an important role in controlling participants’ level of depression compared to adult attachment

Supervision Outcomes as Predictor to the Supervisory Relationship and Supervision Contextual Factors: Study on the Internship Trainee Counsellors

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of the supervisory relationship and contextual supervision factors on the supervision outcomes among trainee counsellors. Respondents were 120 trainee counsellors and 18 supervisors from four public universities in Malaysia. Eight instruments were used in measuring the variables. The Supervisory Working Alliance Trainee Inventory (SWAI-T) was administered to measure the supervisory working alliance among trainee counsellors and the Role Conflict Role Ambiguity Inventory (RCRAI) was administered to measure the role conflict among trainee counsellors. Meanwhile, the Supervision Interaction Questionnaire - Supervisee and Supervisor Inventory (SIQ-S) was used to measure the interaction between trainee counsellors and supervisor and the Counsellor Rating Form - Short (CRF-S) was used to measure the characteristics of the supervisors in supervision. The Selective Theory Sorter (STS) inventory was used to measure the counselling orientations among the trainee counsellors and supervisors whereas the Multicultural Counselling Knowledge and Awareness Scale (MCKAS) measures the knowledge and awareness toward multicultural counselling among trainee counsellors. The Supervision Outcomes Survey (SOS) and the Counsellor Performance Inventory (CPI) were utilized to measure the satisfaction and performance among trainee counsellors. Results have revealed that there was a significant correlation between the supervisory relationship (supervisees' working alliance, supervisees' role conflict, supervision interaction, supervisors' attributes) and supervision outcomes, r (118) =.53; p <.05. Other factors that have contributed to the significant correlations of supervision outcomes were supervisees' working alliance, supervisees' role conflict, and supervisors' attributes, r(120) =.55; p <.05; r (120) =.21; p <.05; and r (116) =.50; p <.05 respectively. However, the result has shown that there was no significant correlation between the supervision contextual factors (supervisees' and supervisors' counselling orientation and supervisees' cultural knowledge and awareness) and supervision outcomes. The Multiple Regression analyses reported that the supervisory relationship had an influence on the supervision outcomes, R2 =.28, F (1,105) = 40.2, p <.05. Meanwhile, the supervision contextual factors had no influence on the supervision outcomes. Based on the research findings, the model signified that the supervision process could bring out changes in the supervisees. Practically, the supervisees' working alliance was a significant factor that has influenced the supervisees' development. Therefore, the academic supervisor should consider the supervisees' role conflict, supervision interaction, and supervisors' attributes during supervision. It is recommended that the differences between supervision interaction of the supervisors and the supervisees are to be examined in the future research. © The Authors, published by EDP Sciences, 2018

Significance Of Counselling Orientation On Supervision Outcomes Among Trainee Counsellors : Comparison Between Previous And Current Study In Malaysia

The purpose of this study was to compare the finding of counselling orientation on supervision outcomes (satisfaction, performance and competency) among trainee counsellors on the previous and current study. The research design of this study was quantitative in nature, using survey research. The counselling orientation was measured the theoretical background between trainee counsellors and their supervisor. The counselling orientation, which measured using Selective Theory Sorter-Revised (STS-R), the satisfaction and performance were measured by Supervision Outcomes Survey and the competency measured by Counseling Competencies Scale (CCS). The sample size for previous study was 120 respondents and the current study was 76 trainee counsellors. The respondents were selected using the proportionate stratified random sampling technique. The test analyses used were one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and independent samples T-test. From the result for congruence of counselling orientation was t (74) =0.46; p=0.65 (two-tailed), p>0.05. Thus, the overall results showed that the counselling orientation had no significant effect to the level of competence of counselor trainee (p 0.05, contradicted with System Approach in Supervision Model (SAS) due to the difference in environmental context (Nor Mazlina Ghazali, 2015). Future work will be needed in assessing more factors in supervisory process for similar studies to be carried out. In addition, the location of the study can be varied to carry out the study using a more diverse population. Moreover, future researchers are encouraged to use a larger number of samples and expanding the subvariables of the dependent variable and mixed method of data collection method by adding qualitative method of interview for additional information in the study