Serial optical coherence microscopy for label-free volumetric histopathology

The observation of histopathology using optical microscope is an essential procedure for examination of tissue biopsies or surgically excised specimens in biological and clinical laboratories. However, slide-based microscopic pathology is not suitable for visualizing the large-scale tissue and native 3D organ structure due to its sampling limitation and shallow imaging depth. Here, we demonstrate serial optical coherence microscopy (SOCM) technique that offers label-free, high-throughput, and large-volume imaging of ex vivo mouse organs. A 3D histopathology of whole mouse brain and kidney including blood vessel structure is reconstructed by deep tissue optical imaging in serial sectioning techniques. Our results demonstrate that SOCM has unique advantages as it can visualize both native 3D structures and quantitative regional volume without introduction of any contrast agents

Soft Tissue Substitutes at Immediate Postextractive Implants to Reduce Tissue Shrinkage – 3-year Results From a Randomized Controlled Trial

PURPOSE. The aim of this parallel randomized controlled trial (RCT) was to evaluate whether placement of a soft tissue graft substitute (STGS) could decrease peri-implant tissue shrinkage at immediate post-extractive implants. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Twenty patients with one missing tooth between two adja-cent healthy teeth in aesthetic areas and at least 4 mm of bone apically to the tooth apex were randomly allocated after tooth extraction to receive or not a subepithelial buccal STGS. Implants were inserted with a torque of at least 30 Ncm and sites were grafted with a cancellous particulate allograft. Ten patients received a buccal STGS and 10 patients did not (control group). All patients were restored with non-occluding immediate provisional screw-retained crowns, replaced after 6 months by definitive metal-ceramic crowns, and were followed to 3-year after grafting/loading. RESULTS. Three-year after loading, no drop-out, crown or implant failure or complication occurred. No statistically significant difference or trends in aesthetics (difference = 0.2, 95% CI:-0.81 to 1.21; P = 0.97), peri-implant marginal bone loss (difference = 0.14 mm; 95% CI:-0.27 to 0.57; P = 0.58) and keratinized mucosa heights (difference = 0.8 mm; 95% CI:-1.79 to 3.39; P = 0.57) between the two groups were observed. CONCLUSIONS. Acknowledging that the sample size was small, no clinical benefits could be observed using a soft tissue graft substitute at immediate post-extractive implants up to 3-year after grafting. CONFLICT OF INTEREST STATEMENT. The manufacturer (BEGO Implant Systems, Bremen, Germany) of the implants used in this investigation, partially supported this trial, however data belonged to the authors and by no means the sponsor interfered with the conduct of the trial or the publication of its results

A prospective clinical trial on the influence of a triamcinolone/demeclocycline and a calcium hydroxide based temporary cement on pain perception

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Introduction</p> <p>The aim of this clinical trial was to compare the degree of short term post-operative irritation after application of a triamcinolone/demeclocycyline based or a calcium hydroxide based provisional cement.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>A total of 109 patients (55 female and 54 male; mean age: 51 ± 14 years) with primary or secondary dentinal caries were randomly assigned to the two treatment groups of this biomedical clinical trial (phase III). Selection criteria were good systemic health and treated teeth, which were vital and showed no symptoms of pulpitis. Up to three teeth were prepared for indirect metallic restorations, and the provisional restorations were cemented with a triamcinolone/demeclocycyline (Ledermix) or a calcium hydroxide (Provicol) based material. The intensity of post-operative pain experienced was documented according to the VAS (4, 12, 20, 24, and 82 h) and compared to VAS baseline.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>A total of 159 teeth were treated (Ledermix: 83 teeth, Provicol: 76 teeth). The minor irritation of the teeth, experienced prior to treatment, was similar in both groups; however, 4 h after treatment this value was significantly higher in the Provicol group than in the Ledermix group (p < 0.005, t-test). After 12 h, the difference was no longer significant. The number of patients taking analgesics for post-treatment pain was higher in the Provicol group (n = 11/53) than in the Ledermix group (n = 3/56).</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The patients had no long term post-operative pain experience in both groups. However, within the first hours after cementation the sensation of pain was considerably higher in the Provicol group than in the Ledermix group.</p

Structure and function of the human periodontium: Science meets the clinician

Periodontium is a specialized tissue that keeps teeth in their position and protects roots of teeth against external noxa. In the present thesis, the 3D structure blood vessels in human gingiva has been investigated using 3D histochemistry and microscopical imaging. For that propose, the tissue has to be cleared, stained and imaged microscopically. We report here that the BABB method using a mixture of benzyl alcohol and benzyl benzoate and iDISCO using dibenzylether are the most successful methods for clearing connective tissue-rich gingiva for 3D histochemistry and imaging of fluorescence using light-sheet microscopy. From a clinical point of view, objective measurements of the responses of periodontal tissue to dental treatment are key to determine success or failure of periodontal therapy. The periodontal response to novel dental treatments such as aligner therapy in orthodontics, and to the application of adjunctive tools to support the periodontal health such as photodynamic therapy, herbal tooth paste and a mouth rinses containing aluminium triformate was investigated. It is shown in this thesis that innovations in periodontology benefits from cooperation of clinician and fundamental academic researcher

A New Conceptual Modelling Method for Vehicle Subframe to Evaluate Dynamic Performance of Structures at Conceptual Design Stage

In recent years, the reduction of noise and vibrations caused by the road or internal components of vehicles have been a significant factor in the satisfaction and comfort of the occupants of cars. Therefore, to minimize these vibrations, the dynamic behaviour of the components of the vehicle should be considered in detail to reduce their level by setting useful parameters on structures. Nowadays, the conceptual model method can be regarded as a suitable alternative to the fundamental sophisticated computational techniques in measuring the vibration of vehicle components. Accordingly, the advanced finite element (FE) model examined for the subframe structure under the vehicle engine, and its conceptual model is developed by the one-dimensional beam elements to justify the dynamic behaviour of the subframe. The results of the experiments in the laboratory as well as the advanced subframe model are adapted, and the integrity of the natural frequencies and the mode shapes at low frequencies represented comprehensively. The result of the subframe concept model compared to the experimental model and computer-aided-engineering (CAE) model showed that the modal assurance criterion (MAC) is above 0.75 for the first four mode shapes of subframe structure and is above 0.9 for first and fourth mode shapes, and also the error percentage of natural frequency is lower than 8%. Therefore, for the analysis of the subframe performance in noise, vibration, and harshness (NVH) domain, the presented model could be considered in the conceptual phase design to reduce the solution time significantly.</jats:p