3D models related to the publication: Morphogenesis of the liver during the human embryonic period

The present 3D Dataset contains the 3D models analyzed in: Hirose, A., Nakashima, T., Yamada, S., Uwabe, C., Kose, K., Takakuwa, T. 2012. Embryonic liver morphology and morphometry by magnetic resonance microscopic imaging. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 295, 51-59. doi: 10.1002/ar.2149

One-Step Identification of Antibody Degradation Pathways Using Fluorescence Signatures Generated by Cross-Reactive DNA-Based Arrays

Therapeutic antibodies are prone to degradation via a variety of pathways during each stage of the manufacturing process. Hence, a low-cost, rapid, and broadly applicable tool that is able to identify when and how antibodies degrade would be highly desirable to control the quality of therapeutic antibody products. With this goal in mind, we have developed signature-based sensing system to discriminate differently degraded therapeutic antibodies. The use of arrays consisting of conjugates between nanographene oxide and fluorophore-modified single-stranded DNAs under acidic pH conditions generated unique fluorescence signatures for each state of the antibodies. Multivariate analyses of the thus obtained signatures allowed identifying (i) common features of native, denatured, and visibly aggregated antibodies, (ii) complicated degradation pathways of therapeutic omalizumab upon time-course heat-treatment, and (iii) the individual compositions of differently degraded omalizumab mixtures. As the signature-based sensing has the potential to identify a broad range of degraded antibodies formed by different kinds of realistic stress types, this system may serve as the basis for high-throughput assays for the screening of antibody manufacturing processes

Relationship between Full-Thickness Macular Hole Onset and Posterior Vitreous Detachment

Purpose: To evaluate the relationship between full-thickness macular hole (FTMH) onset and perifoveal posterior vitreous detachment using OCT data. Design: Retrospective study. Participants: A total of 742 patients with FTMH or impending macular hole (MH) in ≥ 1 eye, as determined by ophthalmoscopy and OCT. Methods: Macular holes were staged using OCT results. Patients with the posterior vitreous membrane clearly detected in the OCT images and vitreoretinal adhesion size ≤ 1500 μm—eyes with MH stages 1–3—were included in the study. The contralateral eyes were also included in the analyses if they showed the focal type of vitreomacular adhesion (VMA) (i.e., vitreoretinal adhesion ≤ 1500 μm). The distance between the posterior vitreous membrane and the surface of the retina was defined as the posterior vitreous separation height (PVSH). Using the OCT images, PVSHs of each eye in 4 directions (nasal, temporal, superior, and inferior) at 1 mm from the center of the MH or fovea were calculated. Main Outcome Measures: The main outcome measures were PVSHs according to the MH stage and VMA, the relationship of the foveal inner tear with PVSH, and the likelihood of a foveal inner tear based on the direction. Results: The PVSH trends in each of the 4 directions were as follows: VMA < MH stage 1 = MH stage 2 < MH stage 3. Initial MH stage 2 (onset of FTMH) was defined as the presence of a gap in only 1 of the 4 directions from the center of the MH. With increased PVSH, the likelihood of a gap increased (P = 0.002), and a temporal gap was more likely to occur than a nasal gap (P = 0.002). Conclusions: At FTMH onset, a foveal inner tear likely appears on the temporal side or the side showing a high PVSH value. Financial Disclosure(s): The author(s) have no proprietary or commercial interest in any materials discussed in this article