Performance Characterization Of Micro Porous Media Burner For Heat Or Power Generation

The threat of fossil fuel depletion affects the nation’s economy. Consequently, attempts are made to improve the use of fuels by developing highly efficient burners. With this intention, present work was focused to develop premixed butane based micro porous media burner. The burner was designed to undergo surface and submerged flames by varying equivalence ratio. Two types of reaction layer were tested; foam and ball type porous media (PM), while porcelain foam in preheat zone. Thickness of reaction and preheat layer was varied suitably to get optimum burner performance. Thus 90% thermal efficiency was noted by using 15 mm alumina foam along with 10 mm porcelain foam. Values of NOx and CO at optimum equivalence ratio was less than 15 and 60 ppm respectively. Further, 4% improvement in the thermal efficiency was achieved by adding 80 μL of vegetable oil droplets over reaction layer. In addition, electric power of 2.018 W was generated from the surface flame using TE cells. These TE cells are integrated to a hybrid configuration, it includes circuit fan powered from solar panels. Moreover, height between reaction layer and TE cells was optimized (69 mm) using design of experiments to further increase electric power by 8%. Finally, three dimensional numerical study was performed to compare experimental data for both temperature and emissions (NOx and CO) at a critical equivalence ratio (ER=0.7

Experimental and numerical studies of porous media combustion in micro burner

Porous media combustion has been key point of interest for researchers from past couple of decades due its numerous advantages, such as remarkable low emission levels without compromising thermal efficiency. In this present work, dual layered micro burner was built with predefined thickness of reaction and preheat layer. Reaction layer was made up of alumina (discrete type) while preheat layer porcelain (foam type) material. Burner was successfully built to undergo both surface and submerged flames. A concept of equivalences ratio was enabled since its premixed combustion with natural air as one of the inlet along with butane. Trials were not just restricted at stoichiometric ratio but also carried out up to ultra-lean region. Additionally, numerical simulation was performed using commercially available computational fluid dynamics package so that porous media combustion phenomenon can be better analyzed and predicted. Finally, Thermal efficiency was calculated at critical equivalence ratios and emission parameters such as NOx and CO was continuously monitored which were under controlled limits

Študija učinkovitosti rezanja plastike, ojačene z ogljikovimi vlakni, z abrazivnim vodnim curkom

In recent years, composite materials such as carbon-fibre-reinforced plastic (CFRP) have been widely used in medical devices, industries, marine and aerospace applications due to their high resistance-to-weight ratio toughness, corrosion resistance, and other novel properties. The machining of these composite materials using conventional machines results in poor precision and surface finishing due to excess heat generation at the tool-material contact zone. The drawbacks of the conventional machining process can be overcome with the adoption of a novel cutting technique using pressurized water, which can dissipate the heat generated by the impact of abrasive particles against the material in order to eliminate the poor precision and surface finishing caused by overheating. In this experimental study, the performance of surface quality (roughness and kerf angle) of CFRP machining using an abrasive water jet technique has been studied for a wide range of cutting parameters, such as water pressure and cutting speed

Comparative study on porous media combustion characteristics using different discrete materials

Occurrence of combustion phenomenon in porous media has always excited researchers to develop various shape and size of burner so that maximum utilization of energy can be taken achieved. Here in this experiential work, dual layer micro burner was exclusively built to carry out porous media combustion characteristic with different type of discrete material in reaction zone. Presently, only alumina and zirconia are compared in discrete form, while preheat layer was made of porcelain ceramic material (foam type). Reaction zone was restricted to thickness of 20mm while preheat zone at 10mm. A concept of equivalence ratio was aided since it involves premixed combustion of air and butane as fuel mixture. Additionally, burner was made to run under lean to ultra-lean modes and finest temperature were recorded. Both surface and submerged flame was generated effectively. Maximum temperatures recorded during surface and submerged flame condition was better by installing alumina rather than zirconia there by reaching a value of 631°C and 470°C respectively. Thus maximum thermal efficiency was calculated and found out to be 84%. Finally, emission parameters like NOx and CO where monitored and found out to be well within acceptable limits

Comparative study on porous media combustion characteristics using different discrete materials

Occurrence of combustion phenomenon in porous media has always excited researchers to develop various shape and size of burner so that maximum utilization of energy can be taken achieved. Here in this experiential work, dual layer micro burner was exclusively built to carry out porous media combustion characteristic with different type of discrete material in reaction zone. Presently, only alumina and zirconia are compared in discrete form, while preheat layer was made of porcelain ceramic material (foam type). Reaction zone was restricted to thickness of 20mm while preheat zone at 10mm. A concept of equivalence ratio was aided since it involves premixed combustion of air and butane as fuel mixture. Additionally, burner was made to run under lean to ultra-lean modes and finest temperature were recorded. Both surface and submerged flame was generated effectively. Maximum temperatures recorded during surface and submerged flame condition was better by installing alumina rather than zirconia there by reaching a value of 631°C and 470°C respectively. Thus maximum thermal efficiency was calculated and found out to be 84%. Finally, emission parameters like NOx and CO where monitored and found out to be well within acceptable limits

Investigation of micro burner performance during porous media combustion for surface and submerged flames

Porous media combustion is considered to be one of the popular choice due to its tremendous advantages. Such type of combustion liberates not only super stable flame but also maintains emissions parameters below thresholds level. Present study incorporates reaction and preheat layer with discrete and foam type of materials respectively. Burner was made to run in ultra-lean mode. Optimum equivalence ratio was found out to be 0.7 for surface flame, while 0.6 during submerged flame condition. Maximum thermal efficiency was noted to be 81%. Finally, emissions parameters where recorded continuously to measure NOx and CO, which were under global limits