Role of Venous Wall Thickening Detected by B Mode Ultrasonography for Diagnosis of Deep Vein Thrombosis

Objective: evaluate the role of B mode ultrasonography for early detection of deep venous thrombosis after hip fracture surgery when venous wall thickening detected preoperatively.Study Design: Prospective Experimental Trial.Place and duration: Study was conducted in the department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics Nishter Hospital Multan and Ganga Ram Hospital ,Lahore from March 2017 to March 2018.Methodology: Study was started after ethical approval from ethical board of hospital and informed consent was obtained from patients. One hundred and ten patients were included in this study, both genders. Main outcome variables were duration of surgery, previous history of DVT, Varicose vein, venous wall thickening and deep venous thrombosis. SPPS version 24 was used for data analysis.Results: There were 11.8% patient’s venous wall thickening and 88.2% patients no venous wall thickening. DVT, proximal thrombosis and DVT associated with pulmonary embolism for venous wall thickening was observed as 76.9%, 53.8% and 38.5%, respectively. DVT, proximal thrombosis and DVT associated with pulmonary embolism for no venous wall thickening was observed as 45.4%, 10.3% and 8.2%, respectively. The difference was statistically significant.Conclusion: Deep venous thrombosis is a common risk after hip fracture surgeries, ultrasonography of venous wall is reliable diagnostic criteria, and repeated examinations should be performed when venous wall thickening is detected. Keywords: Deep venous thrombosis, Hip fracture, Venous wall thickening, Ultrasonography, Pulmonary embolism

The Impact of Dispositional Optimism and Self-determination on Wellbeing of Job Seeker Young Adults

The present study aimed to find out that 1) dispositional optimism and self-determination are positively related to well-being in job seekers young adults, and 2) to find out the predicting role of dispositional optimism and self-determination in determining the well-being of job seekers. The study was based on a correlational research design. A purposive sample of 192 job seekers young adults aged 19 to 27 years (M =22, SD=1.25) was taken as a sample. The sample consisted of 91 men and 101 women from four different universities in Lahore. Urdu versions of the Life orientation test-revised (Scheier et al., 1985), Self-determination scale (Deci & Ryan, 2000), Mental health continuum short-form (Keyes & Ryff, 1998) and self-constructed demographic information sheet were used for assessment. The results showed that dispositional optimism, self-determination, and well-being are positively related to young job seekers. Further, dispositional optimism and self-determination were found as positive predictors of well-being in job-seeking young adults. Further, the results also indicated that men have higher social well-being as compared to women. The limitations and suggestions are also discussed

Role of Atorvastatin in Prevention of Intracranial artery Stenosis

Objective: To find out the role of atorvastatin in prevention of intracranial artery stenosisStudy Design: Observational studyPlace and Duration of Study: We conducted this study in department of Medicine Nishter Hospital Multan and Ganga Ram Hospital Lahore from June 2017 to June 2018. Methodology: Forty two patients were selected for this study and every patient received clopidogrel and aspirin to prevent further cerebral infarction or transient ischemic attack. Group A and group B were formed. There are twenty one patients in Group A and they received atorvastatin 10mg per day. Twenty one patients of group B received atorvastatin 40 mg per day. VCT scanner was used to check out the effects of atorvastatin on the perfusion. . Descriptive data was compared by applying Independent T test and Chi-square test was applied on nominal data. Data was analyzed using SPSS v.23 and value of p ≤0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: At 1 month visit, he incidence of TIA and cerebral infarction was 9.5% and 9.5% in group A and 4.7% and 4.7% in group B, respectively (p=0.678). At 12 month visit, he incidence of TIA and cerebral infarction was 23.8% and 19% in Group-A and 4.7% and 4.7% in group-B, respectively (p=0.049).  The difference was statistically significant.Conclusion: In our study we came to the conclusion that the use of atorvastatin is associated with decrease in risk of TIAs and stroke in patients of intracranial artery stenosis. Keywords: Atorvastatin, Intracranial artery stenosis, statins, prevention

Mixed convective stagnation point flow of nanofluid with Darcy-Fochheimer relation and partial slip

Here axisymmetric mixed convective, stagnation point flow of electrically conducting nanofluid by a permeable cylinder is examined. Magnetic field in transverse direction is applied. The Darcy-Forchheimer relation is accounted to specify the flow nature in porous medium. Formulation of mathematical model is given by using Tiwari-Das nanofluid model. The velocity and thermal slip conditions.are taken. This whole communication comprises water as a base fluid with nano-sized particles (Aluminum oxide, Copper and Titanium Oxide). The nonlinear coupled ordinary differential equations are obtained after using appropriate transformations. The convergent series solution of nonlinear system is accomplished by homotopic approach. The nondimensional velocity and temperature curve are examined under the impact of physical parameters like the nanoparticle volume fraction, permeability parameter, curvature parameter, the magnetic parameter and the mixed convection parameter. Numeric values of coefficient of skin friction and Nusselt number are analyzed. Keywords: Darcy-Forchheimer flow, Tiwari-Das nanofluid model, Stagnation-point flow, Mixed convection, MHD, Slip conditions, HA

IMPACT OF COVID-19 LOCKDOWN ON BALUCHISTAN AND PUNJAB: A PSYCHOLINGUISTIC ANALYSIS

Several countries around the globe implemented tight quarantine policies, such as lockdowns in whole cities in order to avoid the fast spreading and transmission of COVID-19 (Corona Virus Disease 2019). At the start of the pandemic, lockdowns were also imposed in Pakistani Cities. The purpose of this study is to look at and study the psychological effect of COVID-19 lockdown on individuals in Pakistan. The goals of the study are achieved by (1) Sampling Facebook users (geo location = Baluchistan, Pakistan) and sampling Facebook users (geo location = Punjab, Pakistan), (2) retrieving published posts of two weeks prior and after lockdown  of all users who are in these regions (e.g., the date of lockdown in Pakistan; March 23, 2020); (3) obtaining the psycholinguistic aspects of these posts by using the ‘Language Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC) dictionary’; and (4) performing Wilcoxon tests in order to study the changes and variations in the psycholinguistic features of the social media posts prior and after the lockdown in these regions i.e. Baluchistan and Punjab in Pakistan. After the lockdown in these regions, the results revealed that people concentrated greater on "home" and had greater levels of cognitive process. Meanwhile, following the lockdown, the stress level in Punjab, Pakistan reduced and focus on leisure grew. Following the lockdown, there was a greater focus on group, religion, and emotions in Baluchistan, Pakistan. The findings give policy and decision-makers up-to-date information regarding public reactions and their effects concerning psychological conditions in the COVID-19 environment, and they have ramifications for data and evidence based mental health intercessions in both provinces. &nbsp

EMBLICA OFFICINALIS (AMLA): A PROSPECTIVE REVIEW ON DISTINCTIVE PROPERTIES AND THERAPEUTIC APPLICATIONS OF AMLA

Phyllanthus emblica Linn. (Emblica officinalis Gaertn.) usually referred as Amla is well-known tree used for the production of herbal as well as pharmacological medicines. It is a famous truth so as to every components of Amla are beneficial for the treatment of numerous illnesses. Among all, the maximum vital element is fruit. Amla fruit is extensively utilized in all around the world gadget of medication as antioxidant, hepatoprotective, nephroprotective, metabolic syndrome, cardioprotective, hair energizer, stomach ulcer protective, and sickness, as by myself or in aggregate with different herbs. The different researches show that it contains large number of biochemical components, especially alkaloids, phenols, tannins, multivitamin, and inorganic compounds. The organic chemical constituents present in Amla involve ellagic acid, gallic acid, emblicanin A and B, phyllembein, quercetin, and ascorbic acid are decided to be efficient for health. The review articles related to Amla well known its palliative, anti-coughing, anti-atherogenic, immune booster, aerobic, intestinal protective, kidney protective, and neuroprotective, chemopreventive, radio modulatory, and anticancer homes. It is also stated to possess amazing unfastened radical scavenging, oxidation inhibitor, anti-inflammatory, antimutagenic, and immune modulatory sports that are effectual inside the remedy and treatment of diverse illnesses such as cancer, atherosclerosis, diabetes, liver, and coronary heart illnesses. In this text, we communicate the nutritional fee, biochemical components, and conventional makes use of medicinal cost of Amla and its use as a household treatment. We, moreover, emphasized the mechanisms entails in pharmacological sports based on the modern-day research critiques and attempted to summarize the results of studies carried out from the beyond 5 years with proper specifications on the destiny possibilities in a pharmacological perspective

GC-MS-based profiling and ameliorative potential of Carissa opaca Stapf ex Haines fruit against cardiac and testicular toxicity: An In vivo study

Fruit of Carissa opaca Stapf ex Haines (C. opaca) is a feed additive and is commonly used against cardiac dysfunction, fever, asthma, diarrhea, gastrointestinal ailments, and skin diseases. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the metabolic profile and antioxidant potential of C. opaca fruit against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced cardiotoxicity and testicular toxicity in rats. Gas Chromatoghraphy-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of C. opaca fruit for the identification of potential metabolic profile, followed by methanolic extract of C. opaca and its derived fractions including n-hexane, ethyl acetate, chloroform, butanol, and aqueous were used to assess the antioxidant potential of fruits. Ten groups of rats received different treatments and got evaluated for cardiac and testicular antioxidant enzymes, histological architecture, and serum hormonal levels. GC-MS analysis of methanolic extract of C. opaca fruit showed the presence of some bioactive metabolites like cyclodecane, diethyl 2,6-pyridine dicarboxylate, tetrahydro-geraniol, S-[2-[N, N-Dimethylamino]ethyl]morpoline, 2,3-Methylenedioxyphenol, alpha-d-Glucopyranoside, 5,10-Diethoxy-2,3,7,8-tetrahydro-1H, 6H-dipyrrolo [1,2-a; 1′,2′-d] pyrazine and 1,3-Benzothiazol-2(3H)-one,3-(3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutyl) that corresponds the medicinal properties of C. opaca fruit. Prepared fractions of C. opaca fruits mitigated the toxicity induced by CCl4 in the heart and testicular tissues of rats. Oxidative stress was caused by the inhibition of activities of glutathione and other antioxidant enzymes of the body, while on the other hand elevating the levels of nitrite and hydrogen peroxide. Treatment with C. opaca fruit extract normalized the levels of enzymes, reproductive hormones, and free radicals thus restoring the histopathological and enzymatic biomarkers towards the normal group. The study supports the indigenous use of fruits as an alternative medicine against cardiac dysfunction by providing scientific evidence of protection against CCl4-induced injuries, and it also concludes the antioxidant defensive role in testicular tissues