One-year prevalence and the impact of migraine and tension-type headache in Turkey: a nationwide home-based study in adults

Several studies have shown that the prevalence of migraine and tension-type headache (TTH) varied between different geographical regions. Therefore, there is a need of a nationwide prevalence study for headache in our country, located between Asia and Europe. This nationwide study was designed to estimate the 1-year prevalence of migraine and TTH and analyse the clinical features, the impact as well as the demographic and socio-economic characteristics of the participant households in Turkey. We planned to investigate 6,000 representative households in 21 cities of Turkey; and a total of 5,323 households (response rate of 89%) aged between 18 and 65 years were examined for headache by 33 trained physicians at home on the basis of the diagnostic criteria of the second edition of the International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD-II). The electronically registered questionnaire was based on the headache features, the associated symptoms, demographic and socio-economic situation and history. Of 5,323 participants (48.8% women; mean age 35.9 ± 12 years) 44.6% reported recurrent headaches during the last 1 year and 871 were diagnosed with migraine at a prevalence rate of 16.4% (8.5% in men and 24.6% in women), whereas only 270 were diagnosed with TTH at a prevalence rate of 5.1% (5.7% in men and 4.5% in women). The 1-year prevalence of probable migraine was 12.4% and probable TTH was 9.5% additionally. The rate of migraine with aura among migraineurs was 21.5%. The prevalence of migraine was highest among 35–40-year-old women while there were no differences in age groups among men and in TTH overall. More than 2/3 of migraineurs had ever consulted a physician whereas only 1/3 of patients with TTH had ever consulted a physician. For women, the migraine prevalence was higher among the ones with a lower income, while among men, it did not show any change by income. Migraine prevalence was lower in those with a lower educational status compared to those with a high educational status. Chronic daily headache was present in 3.3% and the prevalence of medication overuse headache was 2.1% in our population. There was an important impact of migraine with a monthly frequency of 5.9 ± 6, and an attack duration of 35.1 ± 72 h, but only 4.9% were on prophylactic treatment. The one-year prevalence of migraine estimated as 16.4% was similar or even higher than world-wide reported migraine prevalence figures and identical to a previous nation-wide study conducted in 1998, whereas the TTH prevalence was much lower using the same methodology with the ICHD-II criteria

A lecture to explain endocrine disrupting chemicals to the second class students of a medical faculty

Endocrine-disrupting chemicals are the chemicals exposed at the outside, which alter the function of the endocrine system or cause adverse health effects in healthy people and in their children. These chemicals are taken mostly from plastics, detergents, pesticides, insecticides and dyes. The bisphenol A and phthalates used in the plastic, the heavy metals taken by food, respiratory, skin and transplacental ways to the human body, dioxins and several chemicals as determined in the United States, the EPA's (Environmental Protection Agency) are emphasized for their endocrine-disrupting effects. The use of Bisphenol A in polibikarbonat material of infants and children is prohibited in Turkey and the European Union. Endocrine disrupting chemicals cause mostly endometriosis, precocious puberty, nervous system disruption, immune system impairment and cancers. EPA screening program focuses on measuring estrogen, testosterone and thyroid hormones (thyroxine and triiodothyronine) for the prevention of endocrine-disrupting chemicals, and gives importance to environmental monitoring. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd

THE SIGNIFICANCE OF FOOD ANALYSIS IN PUBLIC HEALTH

Food poisoning is the most commonly seen acute problem among the health problems caused by foods

Synthesizing and evaluating the photodynamic efficacy of asymmetric heteroleptic A(7)B type novel lanthanide bis-phthalocyanine complexes

Tuncel, Ozge/0000-0002-0873-133X; Ozcelik, Serdar/0000-0003-2029-0108; ONAL, EMEL/0000-0001-7210-9126In this study heteroleptic A(7)B type novel Lu(iii) and Eu(iii) lanthanide phthalocyanines (LnPc(Pox)[Pc '(AB(3)SH)]) with high extinction coefficients have been synthesized as candidate photosensitizers with reaction yields higher than 33%. The singlet oxygen quantum yields of LuPc(Pox)[Pc '(AB(3)SH)] and EuPc(Pox)[Pc '(AB(3)SH)], respectively, were measured 17% and 1.4% by the direct method in THF. The singlet oxygen quantum yield of LuPc(Pox)[Pc '(AB(3)SH)] in THF is the highest among lutetium(iii) bis-phthalocyanine complexes to date. The photodynamic efficacy of the heteroleptic lanthanide phthalocyanines was evaluated by measuring cell viabilities of A549 and BEAS-2B lung cells, selected to representing in vitro models for testing cancer and normal cells against potential drugs. The cell viabilities demonstrated concentration dependent behavior and were varied by the type of phthalocyanines complexes. Irradiation of the cells for 30 minutes with LED array at 660 nm producing flux of 0.036 J cm(-2) s(-1) increased cell death for LuPcPox-OAc, LuPc(Pox)[Pc '(AB(3)SH)] and ZnPc. The IC50 concentrations of LuPc(Pox)[Pc '(AB(3)SH)] and ZnPc were determined to be below 10 nM for both cell lines, agreeing very well with the singlet oxygen quantum yield measurements. These findings suggest that LuPc(Pox)[Pc '(AB(3)SH)] and particularly LuPcPox-OAc are promising drug candidates enabling lowered dose and shorter irradiation time for photodynamic therapy.Scienti.c and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUB.ITAK)Turkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK) [116Z337]We are thankful to the Scienti.c and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUB.ITAK) for financial support (project number: 116Z337)

SLEEP DISORDERS DURING OLD AGES AND RELATED FACTORS: THE RESULTS OF THE+65 ACTIVE AGING PROJECT

Introduction: Our purpose was to determine the problems related with sleep quality and continuity, and also to investigate the physical, psychological and some demographic factors that can lead these problems

Evaluation of oxidative stress and antioxidant profile in patients with oral lichen planus

Objective

CATHELICIDIN AS A LINK BETWEEN SARCOIDOSIS AND TUBERCULOSIS

Setting: Sarcoidosis and tuberculosis share notable clinical, radiological, histological, and immunological similarities. The importance of vitamin D has long been investigated in these two granulomatous lung diseases. Cathelicidin is an antimicrobial peptide of the innate immune system, directly induced by vitD3. Objective: To evaluate the role of cathelicidin in sarcoidosis and tuberculosis development. Design: The study included 30 consecutive patients with active lung tuberculosis, 30 patients with sarcoidosis, and 20 healthy controls. 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH) D] and cathelicidin levels were measured in blood samples. Results: Vitamin D levels were significantly higher (p<0.001) in tuberculosis patients (22.5 +/- 9.96 ng/ml) than in sarcoidosis patients (11.75 +/- 8.92 ng/ml). Severe vitamin D deficiency was as frequent as 47% in sarcoidosis patients compared to only 3% in tuberculosis patients. Cathelicidin levels were significantly higher in the control group (120.37 +/- 41.03 pg/ml) than in sarcoidosis (67.68 +/- 38.03 pg/ml) and tuberculosis (68.74 +/- 39.44 pg/ml) patients (p<0.001). However, no significant difference in cathelicidin levels was observed between tuberculosis and sarcoidosis patients (p=0.966). The optimum cathelicidin cut-off value to distinguish sarcoidosis patients from healthy controls was 107.14 pg/ml (sensitivity 81.5%, specificity 71.2%). Conclusion: Cathelicidin appears to play different roles in the development of granulomatous lung disease

The predictive value of stimulation index calculated by modified mixed lymphocyte culture in the detection of GVHD following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation Hematopoetik kök hücre naklini takiben gelişen GVHD'nin saptanmasında modifiye mikst lenfosit kültür testinde hesaplanan stimülasyon indeksinin belirleyici deg̈eri

Objective: Mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC) is one of the routine tests performed prior to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) as a predictive assay for assessing the quality of donor matching and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). The stimulation index is one of the formulas of the MLC test, and it is used for evaluation of matching between donor and recipient. Modified MLC (mMLC) test is produced by adding various cytokines to the MLC test, and increased sensitivity has been reported with this modification

Original Article The prevalence and diagnostic criteria of health-care associated infections in neonatal intensive care units in Turkey: A multicenter point- prevalence study

Background: Healthcare-acquired infections (HAIs) in the neonatal period cause substantial morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. Our purpose was to determine the prevalence of HAIs, antimicrobial susceptibility of causative agents, and the adaptivity of the Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) criteria in neonatal HAI diagnosis