Agro-morphological and biochemical characteristics of european cranberrybush (Viburnum opulus L.)

The study aims to determine some agro-morphological (fruit weight, fruit flesh ratio, fruit skin colour, number of fruits per raceme, number of racemes per bush), and biochemicals (vitamin C, soluble solid content, organic acids, total phenol, total anthocyanin, total flavonoid and antioxidant capacity) in fruits of ten promising European cranberrybush (Viburnum opulus L.) genotypes grown in Erzurum province in Turkey. The results showed genotype-specific differences in most of the agro-morphological, biochemical and bioactive characteristics. The genotypes had fruit weight, number of fruits per raceme and number of racemes per bush between 0.58 and 0.80 g; 38.4 and 58.2 and 392 and 543, respectively. The vitamin C and soluble solid content were ranged from 33 to 42 mg per 100 g and 11.3 to 13.1%. Total phenol, total anthocyanin and total flavonoid content ranged from 703 to 911 mg gallic acid equivalent per 100 g fresh weight, 22–48 mg per 100 g expressed cyanidin-3-rutinoside, 187–302 mg routine equivalent per 100 g fresh weight. Genotype ERZ-08 had the highest antioxidant capacity as 32.70 µmol trolox equivalents per gramme based on FRAP assays. © 2018, Academic Publishing House. All rights reserved

Agro-morphological and biochemical characteristics of european cranberrybush (Viburnum opulus L.)

The study aims to determine some agro-morphological (fruit weight, fruit flesh ratio, fruit skin colour, number of fruits per raceme, number of racemes per bush), and biochemicals (vitamin C, soluble solid content, organic acids, total phenol, total anthocyanin, total flavonoid and antioxidant capacity) in fruits of ten promising European cranberrybush (Viburnum opulus L.) genotypes grown in Erzurum province in Turkey. The results showed genotype-specific differences in most of the agro-morphological, biochemical and bioactive characteristics. The genotypes had fruit weight, number of fruits per raceme and number of racemes per bush between 0.58 and 0.80 g; 38.4 and 58.2 and 392 and 543, respectively. The vitamin C and soluble solid content were ranged from 33 to 42 mg per 100 g and 11.3 to 13.1%. Total phenol, total anthocyanin and total flavonoid content ranged from 703 to 911 mg gallic acid equivalent per 100 g fresh weight, 22–48 mg per 100 g expressed cyanidin-3-rutinoside, 187–302 mg routine equivalent per 100 g fresh weight. Genotype ERZ-08 had the highest antioxidant capacity as 32.70 µmol trolox equivalents per gramme based on FRAP assays. © 2018, Academic Publishing House. All rights reserved

Electrochemical synthesis of hydroxy-thioxo-imidazole carboxylates: an experimental and theoretical study

We report here the facile synthesis of a new series of hydroxy-thioxo-imidazole carboxylates in good yields using the cyanomethyl anion as an electrogenerated base which is formed when dry acetonitrile is electrolyzed at constant current, followed by addition of different thioureas and diazirine-3,3-dicarboxylate. The mechanism of the reaction, NMR shifts and IR are discussed and compared to density functional theory calculations. © 2019, © 2019 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group

Design and evaluation of road pricing: state-of-the-art and methodological advances

Transport networks, Congestion pricing, Road pricing, Network pricing, Network design, Private toll road competition, Capacity investments, Evaluation of pricing schemes,