EFFECTS OF MOTIVATION IN PARTICIPATING TO CROSSFIT CENTERS WITH THE PURPOSE OF RECREATIVE EXERCISE

The purpose of this research is to determine the factors of influence of the individuals who do exercise in the Crossfit centers in Istanbul for recreational purposes and to relate these factors to some variables. The sample group of this experiment consists of individuals that do exercise in the Crossfit centers in Istanbul for recreational purposes. For the means of collecting data, “Recreational Exercise Motivation Scale” (REMM), which is developed to determine the factors of motivation for individuals to do recreational exercise, is used. To determine the recreational exercise motivations of participants, t-test is used for Independent Groups according to their gender variable. T-test for Independent Groups has been used to determine the recreational exercise motivation of participants with regard to gender type variable. A difference has been found in rivalry sub-dimension of REMM scale according to gender variable in the participants that go to the crossfit centers (p<0.05). When the data from this research have been examined, male individuals who go to the CrossFit centers participate more to the exercises with competitive reasons than female individuals.  Article visualizations

EVALUATION OF THE VIEWS OF THE LOCAL PEOPLE IN THE RECREATIONAL USE OF PARKS

The people of today who are struggling with intensive environment and difficult living conditions in cities face with psychological, physical and social problems. The negative change in the people's environment increases the need for recreation of today's people. To meet the vital needs of the urban population who face such a negative situation, therefore, recreation environments should be established. As a matter of fact, many needs of people should be taken into consideration when making urban plans. At this point, the parks in the cities are important areas that will have a positive impact on people's physical, social and psychological aspects. It is very important that the parks in the city centers offer better opportunities for people and the views of the local people in using them for recreational purposes. The study was conducted by semi-structured interview method with 10 female and 10 male individuals residing around the Abbasağa Park in Besiktas district of Istanbul. In the research, the demographic characteristics of the individuals, the ways of evaluating their leisure time, the ways to use the park, the reasons for choosing them and the innovations that can be done in the park were carried out. The majority of the participants is composed by university graduates which spends their free time with their friends. They usually benefit from sports and walking. They stated that they preferred the park because they were close to their homes. The new ones to be brought to this park indicate the development of sporting areas for elderly and disabled individuals. As a result, individuals living in the vicinity of Abbasaga Park spend a certain part of their spare time in the park and they stated that there are shortcomings in the park.  Article visualizations

EVALUATION OF THE PERCEIVED SERVICE QUALITY OF SPECIAL SPORT CENTER ORIENTED AT RECRATION ACCORDING TO SOME VARIABLES

The aim of this study is evaluating the service quality that individuals perceive according to some certain variabilities in special sport centers. While the population includes the members of sport centers in Edirne, the sample includes the members of a sport center named Sports Montana. There are 94 males and 21 females in this study which has total 115 individuals. During the collection of data, I benefit from The Service Quality of Sport-Fitness Centers in Turkey which has been developed by Ucan and Dogu in 2007. The participants has evaluated the survey consisted total 31 articles and 6 aspects via five point likert scale. Tests of frequencies, descriptive, cross tabs, Kruskal Wallis, Mann Whitney U have helped this study. Eventually, participants are different from each other in the way of sex, exercise type, level of income. So, their perceptions of quality vary.  Article visualizations

DETERMINING THE INTERESTS AND PARTICIPATION LEVELS OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS TO SPORTIVE RECREATION ACTIVITIES

Reduction of working hours and increase of the spare time with technological development provided people to stay the level of education and income. Therefore, inadequate physical activity based on the industry has become one of the biggest problems of people and societies in our day. As a result of them the demand of recreational activities has increased. It is important for our future to educate young people about these issues. This study which is conducted for participation of college students to sportive recreation activities and determining their interests has been done with the aim of contribution to our future. Target population of study is 245 students (121 girls and 129 boys) that are randomly chosen and studying in Academy of Kırkpınar Physical Education and Sports and the Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences in Trakya University. The data of the research were collected as a survey. The obtained data were analyzed on SPSS 15 program. Chi-square test, frequency and crosstabs analyses were used. The proportion of the students who participated the research was %48 of girl and %52 of boy. There were 126 participants from Kırkpınar College of Physical Education and Sports and 119 participants from Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences. In total, 300 surveys were used for this research. 245 of them were taken under review. Most of the students take part in the activities for their health and generally they prefer being with their groups of friends.  Article visualizations

Essays on vertical mergers, advertising, and competitive entry

textThis dissertation consists of three independent essays. We briefly introduce these essays in chapter 1 and leave a comprehensive introduction to each essay. Chapter 2 considers a vertically separated industry where production takes time and vertical mergers shorten production time. We investigate the impact of vertical mergers on the downstream firms' ability to collude and show that vertical mergers facilitate downstream collusion. Chapter 3 provides a theoretical foundation for a puzzling empirical observation that advertising follows an inverted U shape for some new products. Chapter 4 analyzes an incumbent's response to a competitive entry. We show that if the quality of the entrant is uncertain, the incumbent can "jam" the quality signalling of the entrant. Finally, chapter 5 summarizes main conclusions of three essays.Economic

Dinamik örgütsel kurallar, pazar bilgisi özümseme kapasitesi ve firma yenilikçiliği: Ampirik bir inceleme

The concept of market knowledge absorptive capacity (AC) is one of the dynamic capabilities that a firm has which is crucial for market success of the organization. However, the effect of market knowledge AC on the firm innovativeness (i.e. product and process) and the impact of dynamic rules of action embedded in organizational structure and behaviors on this capacity is interestingly missing in the AC literature. By investigating 241 firms, this paper indicates that a) dynamic rules of action are positively associated with market knowledge AC variables, b) market knowledge AC is positively related to firm innovativeness, c) firm innovativeness is positively associated with firm performance. In addition, we show that market knowledge AC influences firm performance via firm innovativeness.Pazar bilgisi özümseme kapasitesi bir firmanın pazar başarısı için önemli olan dinamik yeteneklerinden biridir. Ancak ilginç olarak pazar bilgisi özümseme kapasitesinin firma yenilikçiliği üzerindeki etkisi ve örgütün yapı ve davranışlarında gömülü olan dinamik örgütsel kuralların bu kapasite üzerindeki etkisi literatürde incelenmemiştir. Bu çalışma 241 firmayı analiz ederek a) dinamik örgütsel kuralların pazar bilgisi özümseme kapasitesini oluşturan her bir değişken ile pozitif ilişkili olduğunu, b) pazar bilgisi özümseme kapasitesinin firma yenilikçiliği ile pozitif ilişkili olduğunu ve c) firma yenilikçiliğinin firma performansı ile pozitif ilişkili olduğunu göstermektedir. Ayrıca, pazar bilgisi özümseme kapasitesinin firma performansını firma yenilikçiliğinin aracılığıyla etkilediği de gösterilmektedir

Dynamic Rules of Action, Market Knowledge Absorptive Capacity and Firm Innovativeness: An Empirical Analysis

Pazar bilgisi özümseme kapasitesi bir firmanın pazar başarısı için önemli olan dinamik yeteneklerinden biridir. Ancak ilginç olarak pazar bilgisi özümseme kapasitesinin firma yenilikçiliği üzerindeki etkisi ve örgütün yapı ve davranışlarında gömülü olan dinamik örgütsel kuralların bu kapasite üzerindeki etkisi literatürde incelenmemiştir. Bu çalışma 241 firmayı analiz ederek a) dinamik örgütsel kuralların pazar bilgisi özümseme kapasitesini oluşturan her bir değişken ile pozitif ilişkili olduğunu, b) pazar bilgisi özümseme kapasitesinin firma yenilikçiliği ile pozitif ilişkili olduğunu ve c) firma yenilikçiliğinin firma performansı ile pozitif ilişkili olduğunu göstermektedir. Ayrıca, pazar bilgisi özümseme kapasitesinin firma performansını firma yenilikçiliğinin aracılığıyla etkilediği de gösterilmektedir.The concept of market knowledge absorptive capacity (AC) is one ofthe dynamic capabilities that a firm has which is crucial for market success of theorganization. However, the effect of market knowledge AC on the firm innovativeness(i.e. product and process) and the impact of dynamic rules of action embedded inorganizational structure and behaviors on this capacity is interestingly missing in theAC literature. By investigating 241 firms, this paper indicates that a) dynamic rulesof action are positively associated with market knowledge AC variables, b) marketknowledge AC is positively related to firm innovativeness, c) firm innovativeness ispositively associated with firm performance. In addition, we show that marketknowledge AC influences firm performance via firm innovativeness

Ciudades del turismo, imaginarios y topónimos.

En las ciudades turísticas, la toponimia constituye un elemento esencial en la configuración de los imaginarios de turistas y visitantes. En este sentido, los nombres geográficos ejercen un fuerte papel de referente, muchas veces como hilo conductor en los mapas mentales del turista que, cuando visita por primera vez un espacio urbano, se dirige a visitar, en primera instancia, un determinado monumento o un determinado paraje antes que otros, especialmente cuando se trata de una ciudad histórica. El paisaje urbano, en los imaginarios de los turistas, aparece condicionado por la señalización toponímica y turística que constituye, por tanto, un elemento para dirigir al visitante. Los carteles de señalización son entonces, además de una importante fuente de información patrimonial, un importante indicio del tipo de modelo turístico que persigue la ciudad analizada. Toledo, ciudad histórica ubicada en el área metropolitana sur de Madrid, es una ciudad turística con un importante flujo de visitantes que no pernoctan y que, por regla general, discurren únicamente hacia el Casco Histórico, cuando su riqueza patrimonial y turística trasciende el mismo. La focalización del turismo toledano hacia el Casco Histórico queda patente en los topónimos que se insta a manejar al visitante, a través de la cartografía turística y la señalización. Este trabajo abordará las relaciones existentes entre el paisaje turístico, los imaginarios urbanos de los turistas y la toponimia de Toledo, poniendo en valor el papel de la toponimia como elemento informativo, patrimonial y de referencia social y cultural. Palabras clave: toponimia, paisaje urbano, imaginarios, señalización, turismo