第1084回千葉医学会例会・第21回千葉精神科集談会

<p>The comparison of the successful 2^nd operated eyes versus failed 2^nd operated eyes among successful 1^st operated eyes, Criterion C: n = 30.</p

園芸学部研究業績紹介(目次)

<p>Multivariable analysis to determine prognostic factors for surgical failure of 2^nd operated trabeculectomy using Cox proportional hazards regression models among the successful 1^st operated eyes.</p

Activities of Enzymes for Sucrose-Starch Conversion in Developing Endosperm of Rice and Their Association with Grain Filling in Extra-Heavy Panicle Types

Rice cultivars with numerous spikelets per panicle (extra-heavy panicle types) frequently fail to exhibit their high yield potential due to low grain filling. Existing genetic variation in grain filling, however, opens possibilities for genetic improvement for this trait. We studied the correlation between grain filling and the activities of enzymes for sucrose-starch conversion in developing endosperm. The activity of sucrose synthase (EC 2.4.1.13, SuSy) and ADPglucose pyrophosphorylase (EC 2.7.7.27, AGPase), were measured in three extra-heavy panicle types and a standard cultivar grown at two locations under different environmental conditions. The proportions of grains with definite specific gravities and the rate of grain filling were adopted as the parameters related to grain filling. AGPase activity, but not that of SuSy, was consistently correlated to high proportions of high-density grains (specific gravity > 1.20) and high rates of grain growth in spikelets, particularly in those on secondary branches in which low grain filling is the rule. Such correlation was also detected in spikelets on primary branches which generally show better grain filling, but only early stages. Therefore, a high activity of AGPase might contribute to the reduction of the sucrose concentration by accelerating sucrose metabolism at the developing seed, a sink terminus of the phloem. Thus the sink-directed phloem transport of sucrose would be promoted, resulting in improved grain filling of extra-heavy panicle types. SuSy would play some roles in such a cultivar difference in grain filling, but depending on environments

Comparing Trabeculectomy Outcomes between First and Second Operated Eyes: A Multicenter Study.

OBJECTIVE:To compare surgical outcomes between the first and second operated eyes in patients who underwent trabeculectomy in both eyes. METHODS:This retrospective clinical cohort study at five clinical centers in Japan included 84 patients with open-angle glaucoma who underwent primary trabeculectomy in both eyes. The primary outcome was surgical success or failure, with failure being defined according to three criteria: 21 mmHg; Criterion B, IOP >18 mmHg; or Criterion C, IOP >15 mmHg. Cases of reoperation, a loss of light perception vision, or hypotony were also considered as "failures". RESULTS:There were no significant differences in success rate for any of the three criteria between the first and second operated eyes. For patients whose first trabeculectomy was successful, when the second trabeculectomy was performed ≥2 months after the first, the survival curves for all three criteria for the second trabeculectomy were significantly worse than those for patients waiting a shorter interval between trabeculectomies (Criterion A, 52.0% vs 83.6%, P = 0.0031; Criterion B, 51.5% vs 80.4%, P = 0.026; Criterion C, 51.1% vs 80.4%, P = 0.048). In multivariable analyses, a longer interval between trabeculectomies was a significant prognostic factor for surgical failure (Criterion A, P = 0.0055; Criterion B, P = 0.0023; Criterion C, P = 0.027). However, no dependency on the interval between trabeculectomies was found among patients whose first trabeculectomy failed. CONCLUSIONS:If the first trabeculectomy is successful, a long interval before the second trabeculectomy increases the risk of surgical failure in the second eye. This result has clinical implications for developing surgical strategies for patients with bilateral glaucoma

Intraocular pressure and medical therapy at preoperative and follow-up visits.

<p>Intraocular pressure and medical therapy at preoperative and follow-up visits.</p

Kaplan–Meier survival curves for each of the three failure criteria in the second operated eye, comparing patients for whom the interval between trabeculectomies was ≥2 months with those for whom the interval was <2 months.

<p>Criterion A: intraocular pressure (IOP) >21 mmHg, <20% reduction of preoperative IOP, reoperation for glaucoma, a loss of light perception vision, or hypotony of ≤5 mmHg. Criterion B: IOP >18 mmHg, <20% reduction of preoperative IOP, reoperation for glaucoma, a loss of light perception vision, or hypotony of ≤5 mmHg. Criterion C: IOP >15 mmHg, <20% reduction of preoperative IOP, reoperation for glaucoma, a loss of light perception vision, or hypotony of ≤5 mmHg. The cumulative success rates for intervals between trabeculectomies of ≥2 months and <2 months were 52.0% and 83.6% for Criterion A (<i>P</i> = 0.0031), 51.5% and 80.4% for Criterion B (<i>P</i> = 0.026), and 51.1% and 80.4% for Criterion C (<i>P</i> = 0.048).</p

Kaplan–Meier survival curves for the three failure criteria, comparing the first and second operated eyes.

<p>Criterion A: intraocular pressure (IOP) >21 mmHg, <20% reduction of preoperative IOP, reoperation for glaucoma, a loss of light perception vision, or hypotony of ≤5 mmHg. Criterion B: IOP >18 mmHg, <20% reduction of preoperative IOP, reoperation for glaucoma, a loss of light perception vision, or hypotony of ≤5 mmHg. Criterion C: IOP >15 mmHg, <20% reduction of preoperative IOP, reoperation for glaucoma, a loss of light perception vision, or hypotony of ≤5 mmHg. The cumulative success rates for first and second operated eyes were 73.6% and 60.6% for Criterion A (<i>P</i> = 0.090), 59.8% and 54.0% for Criterion B (<i>P</i> = 0.42), and 43.8% and 41.7% for Criterion C (<i>P</i> = 0.57).</p

Preoperative characteristics for the first and second operated eyes.

<p>Preoperative characteristics for the first and second operated eyes.</p

Preoperative patient characteristics.

<p>Preoperative patient characteristics.</p