Uji Efek Ekstrak Daun Dewa (Gyanurasegetum [Lour]. Merr) Terhadap Masa Penyembuhan Luka Insisi Kulit Kelinci (Oryctolaguscuniculus)

: Marsh fleabane (Gynurasegetum [Lour].Merr.) is one of the medicinal plants used by the public as an anti-septic to accelerate wound healing. The contents of Marsh fleabane that could accelerate wound healing are flavonoids, saponins, and atsiri oil. This study aimed to determine the effect of Marsh fleabane extract on wound healing incision of rabbit skin. This was an experimental study. This study was conducted in the Laboratory of Pharmacology and Therapeutics Faculty of Medicine, University of Sam Ratulangi. Samples were 3 rabbits. Incised wounds of 4 cm length and 2 mm depth were made on the rabbits' left and right backs. The wounds on the left backs were given Marsh fleabane extract, meanwhile the wounds on the right backs were not treated. The results showed that the wound healing process of the incised wounds treated with Marsh fleabane extract was faster compared to the incised wounds without treatment. Conclusion: Marsh fleabane extract could accelerate the wound healing process of rabbit incised wound

Uji Efek Antipiretik Ekstrak Meniran (Phyllantus Niruri L.) Pada Tikus Wistar (Rattus Norvegicus) Jantan Yang Diinduksi Vaksin Dpt-hb

: The aim of this study is to investigate the antipyretic effect of leaf-flower extract (Phyllanthus niruri L.) in Wistar rats induced by DPT-HB vaccine. Samples were 15 Wistar rats as test animals and were divided into five groups of three in each. The negative control group was given orally distilled water, positive control group was given paracetamol and 3 experimental groups were given ethanolic leaf-flower extracts (100 mg, 200 mg and 300 mg /200 g body weight of rats). Pyrexia was induced in rats by intramuscular injection of 0.2 ml DPT-HB vaccine. Antipyretic activity was measured at 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180 minutes after administration of leaf-flower extract, paracetamol and distilled water. The results showed that leaf-flower extract at a dose of 300 mg /200 g BW decreased the rectal temperature greater than with doses of 100 and 200 mg /200 g BW for 180 minutes of measurement. Conclusion: Leaf-flower extract has antipyretic effect in Wistar rats

Perbandingan Efek Analgesik Perasan Rimpang Jahe Merah (Zingiber Officinale Var. Rubrum Thelaide) Dengan Aspirin Dosis Terapi Pada Mencit (Mus Musculus)

: This research purpose to compare analgesic effect from red ginger rhizome juice to therapeutic doses of aspirin. This research is an experimental research with treatment to aspirin group and red ginger rhizome juice mice as trial animals divided into 4 groups, each group contain of 3 mice. Four treatment groups contain of the group aspirin 0,4/20 gr BB and the group of red ginger rhizome juice in 3 different doses which are 4 mg/20 gr BB, 8mg/20gr BB, 16 mg/20 gr BB. Analgesic effect we could saw with counting mice responses likes jump and lick to decrease or release the pain. Before the treatment, all of mice fasted around 11 hours, and then gave the treatment. Studied of mice's responses on the water bath take for 1 minute, on the 0 minute before treatment, and on the 30, 60, 90, 120 minutes after the treatment. Statistical analysis used ANOVA test and continued with LSD (Least Significance Different). Result from ANOVA test showed that there is real difference between the treatment groups. LSD test showed there are no real difference between the treatment group of aspirin to the treatment group of red ginger rhizome juice dose I. On the treatment group of red ginger rhizome juice dose II and dose III there is real difference to the treatment group of aspirin. The treatment group of red ginger rhizome juice dose II to dose III there is no real difference

Uji Efek Ekstrak Daun Papaya (Carica Papaya L.) Terhadap Kadar Gula Darah Tikus Wistar (Rattus Norvegicus) Yang Diinduksi Aloksan

: Indonesia is a tropical country with more than 9,600 kinds of medicinal plants; one of them is papaya. Extract of papaya leaf (Carica papaya) is presumed to have hypoglycemia effect because it contains flavonoid, alkaloid, saponin, and tannin. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of papaya leaf extract on elevated blood glucose levels on Wistar rats induced with alloxan. This was an experimental study with 18 male Wistar rats as subjects, divided into 6 groups (3 rats in each group). Group 1, the negative control group, was given aquadest only. Group 2, the positive control group, was treated with alloxan 120 mg/kg body weight (BW) followed by novomix 0.2 iu/200 g BW. Group 3 and 4 were treated with alloxan 120 mg/kg BW followed by papaya leaf extract dosing 250 mg and 500 mg/kg BW respectively. Group 5 and 6 were treated with papaya leaf extract dosing 250 mg and 500 mg/kg BW without alloxan induction. Blood glucose levels were measured on day 1, day 2, and day 3 every six hours at 0, 6, 12, 18, and 24 hours. The results showed that 250 mg/kg BW and 500 mg/kg BW of papaya leaf extract could reduce the elevated blood glucose on Wistar rats for 12 hours after treatment. Conclusion: The extract of papaya leaves could reduce blood sugar levels in hyperglicemic Wistar rats induced by alloxan

Uji Daya Hambat Ekstrak Biji Pala (Myristicae Fragrans)terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Staphylococcus Aureus Dan Streptococcus Pyogenes

: People of Indonesia especially in North Sulawesi often use nutmeg powder for wound treatment. Comensalist bacterias that live in human skin, like Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenescan infect open wound especially those that are not treatedwell. This study aimed to find out the result of nutmeg extract inhibition test on Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes. This was a laboratory experimental study using modified Kirby-Bauer wells at Phytochemistry and Micobriology Laboratory of Sam Ratulangi University Faculty of Mathematics and Science. Nutmeg extract was obtained from maceration process with 96% ethanol. Concentrations of the thick extract that was used were 100 mg/ml, 50 mg/ml, 25 mg/ml, and 12,5 mg/ml. Cefuroxime was used as positive control and aquades was used as negative control. The results showed that aquades had no inhibition zone. Cefuroxime had the widest diameter of inhibition zone. The average of inhibition diameter that was produced by Cefuroxime was 37,33 mm toward S. Aureus bacteria and 42,67 mm toward S. Pyogenes bacteria. Nutmeg extract with 100 mg/ml concentration produced a 25,16 mm inhibition zone diameter on S. Aureus bacteria and 24,16 mm on S. Pyogenes bacteria. Nutmeg extract with 25 mg/ml concentration produced a 19,16 mm diameter on S. Aureus bacteria and 20,66 mm on S. Pyogenes bacteria. While nutmeg extract with 12,5 mg/ml concentration prodyced a 16,16 mm diameter on S. Aureus bacteria and 18,16 mm on S. Pyogenes bacteria. Conclusion: Nutmeg extract has a potential inhibition effect on the growth of S. Aureus and S. Pyogenes bacteria. The inhibition effect of nutmeg extract is stronger on S. Pyogenes than S. Aureus

Uji Efek Air Perasan Albedo Semangka Kuning (Citrilus Lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai) Terhadap Kadar Glukosa Darah Pada Tikus Wistar (Rattus Norvegicus) Yang Diinduksi Aloksan

: Indonesian has various natural resources, second as largest after Brazil. One of the traditional medicine that has been used is watermelon. The part of watermelon that is known to be used as medicine is its white layer between the peel and the fruit, albedo. This study aimed to determine the effect of yellow watermelon albedo juice on blood glucose levels in wistar rats induced by alloxan. Subjects consisted of 18 male Wistar rats divided into 6 groups as follows: a negative control group, 3 groups of hyperglycemic rats induced with alloxan 120 mg/kg body weight; and 2 groups given only yellow watermelon albedo juice. Hyperglycemic rats were given yellow watermelon albedo with dose of 9 g/kg body weight and 4,5 g/kg body weight; positive control group was given novomix; and two other groups were given only yellow watermelon albedo juice. Blood glucose levels of each rat were evaluated on day 1, day 2, and day 3 before the treatment after 6 hours, 12 hours, 18 hours, 24 hours. The results showed that administration of yellow watermelon albedo juice 9 g/kg body weight of Wistar rats reduced the blood glucose level until 126.67 mg/dl, meanwhile the dose 4.5 g/kg body weight reduced the blood glucose level until 173.67 mg/dl. Conclusion: Administration of yellow watermelon albedo juice of 9 g/kg body weight and 4.5 g/kg body weight could reduce blood glucose levels of hyperglycemic Wistar rats induced by alloxan

Uji Efek Analgesik Ekstrak Daun Beluntas (Pluchea Indica (L.) Less.) Pada Mencit (Mus Musculus)

: This research aimed to know whether or not the extract of marsh fleabane leaves possess an analgesic effect on mice. This research used experimental method, with the sample of 15 mice divided into 5 groups. The negative control group is given aquadest, the positive control group is given paracetamol, and 3 experimental group are given marsh fleabane leaves extract, each is given at dose 150 mg/kgBB, 300 mg/kgBB, and 600 mg/kgBB. The testing of analgesic effect is done by giving pain stimulation to the mice, by means of applying 55°C heat. Mice's response is observed is licking or flicking response. The observation is done for 1 minute. The observation is done before the administration of test substances, and then the observation is done on the 30th, 60th, 90th, and 120th minute after the administration of test substances. The research result showed the amount of response of pain stimulation on the group is given marsh fleabane leaves extract start decrease on the 30th minute and keep on giving effect on the 60th minute. On the 90th minute the analgesic effect start decrease, but still show analgesic effect. The extract of marsh fleabane leaves show analgesic effect, but the effect analgesic of marsh fleabane is lower than paracetamol