Construction of gene cassette harboring HMW glutenin gene of wheat driven by γ-kafirin promoter of sorghum

Modern biological tools of genetic engineering and biotechnology can allow transfer of gene(s) across crop species. The r-DNA technology has tremendous potential to transfer bread making character of bread wheat into sorghum by transferring glutenin gene(s), which can improve the visico-elastic property of the sorghum flour/dough. These genes in addition to improving quality can significantly contribute to improve the nutritional status by the addition of more protein fractions also. In the simplest approach, new HMW gluten loci may be created via transformation to bioengineer sorghum quality. For this, amplified γ-kafirin promoter (574 bp) was subcloned in pCAMBIA1304 by replacing CaMV35S promoter (ca. 800 bp) of the gus reporter gene resulting in vector pkaf-gus, where the expression of gus reporter gene is under the control of γ-kafirin promoter. In order to construct a gene cassette where HMW glu gene(s) will be under the control of γ-kafirin gene promoter, kafirin promoter was first cloned in pUC19 and then HMW gene(s) were excised from their respective vectors and cloned under the control of promoter. Finally, two gene cassettes were developed as pKaf-Dx5 and pKaf-Dy10 where expression of the HMW glu gene Dx5 (8.7 kb) and Dy10 (6.4 kb) was driven by the γ-kafirin gene promoter. Both gene cassettes are ready to clone in any vector to bioengineer sorghum by genetic transformation

PCR based isolation and cloning of HMW glutenin gene(s) from wheat (T. aestivum var. PBW343) and its fusion with kafirin gene promoter of sorghum

With the aim of grain sorghum improvement to enhance its economic value, HMW glutenin gene subunit(s) were isolated from wheat (T. aestivum var. PBW343) using allele specific primers (AS-PCR) designed on the basis of allelic data available in NCBI Gene Bank. Three glutenin genes viz. Ax1, Dx5 and Dy10 were isolated, cloned, sequenced and analyzed using on line bioinformatics tools. These sequences showed significant homology with the HMW glutenin gene sequences available in the NCBI gene bank. To facilitate transformation of these genes to sorghum, these genes were transferred to a pUC based vector under the regulation of kafirin promoter of sorghum which makes it specific for expression in the endosperm of sorghum. HMW glutenin gene cloned in pGEM vector was excised using restriction enzymes SacI and SacII and directional cloning was performed successfully to clone under the control of kafirin gene promoter of sorghum. Transfer of these gene(s) could be useful for improving the bread making quality of sorghum

Water Quality Deterioration of Machna River due to Sewage Disposal, Betul,Madhya Pradesh, India

In this study the Physico-chemical characteristics of Sewage waste water joining into Machna River at Betul were studied. The parameters pH, Total dissolved solids, Total suspended solids, Dissolved oxygen, BOD, COD, Nitrate, Chloride were assessed. The values of these parameters were found in excessive amounts as prescribed by World Health Organisation (WHO), which indicate towards the deterioration of water quality of water body after the joining of inlets into the river. The study emphasizes on the detrimental impact caused by the sewage water on Machna River. Key words: Water pollution, pH, Dissolved oxygen, Alkalinity, Hardnes

Airway Protective Behaviors and Mealtime Performance in Children With Spastic Cerebral Palsy and Typically Developing Controls

This investigation aimed to objectively measure physiological deficiencies across the continuum of airway protection and clinical feeding and swallowing severity in children with spastic cerebral palsy (SCP), and to make comparisons with a healthy control group. Eleven children with SCP (GMFCS I-V) and 10 controls (mean age: 7+ 2 years) were tested. Results revealed significantly impaired oropharyngeal function and greater clinical feeding and swallowing severity for children with SCP. These children also demonstrated impaired respiratory-swallow coordination evidenced by frequent post-swallow inhalation across all bolus types. Reduced cough volume acceleration was also observed in children with SCP compared to controls. In the SCP group, significant correlations with clinical feeding and swallowing severity were observed with oral praxis and post-swallow inhalation. Additionally, clinical feeding and swallowing severity and peak expiratory flow rate were significantly correlated with gross motor function. This is the first study to objectively identify the co-occurrence of dysphagia and dystussia in children with SCP, and to quantify factors underlying these deficits. Future research should address functional deficits along the continuum of airway protection in both assessment and treatment paradigms in order to maximize the quality of life for this population

An Economic Analysis on Marketing of Banana in Ghazipur District of Uttar Pradesh, India

The present study aims to present an Economic Analysis on Marketing of        Banana in Ghazipur District of Uttar Pradesh, India. It was founded that there are three marketing channels involved in marketing of banana in Ghazipur district of Uttar Pradesh (channe1- Producer-Consumer), (Channel 2- Producer- Commission Agent- Wholesaler- Retailer) and (Channel 3- Producer- Commission Agent- Retailer – Consumer). The majorly preferred marketing channel by respondents in the study area is Channel 3. In channel 1, total marketing cost is Rs. 31, marketing efficiency of channel 1 is 0 and Price spread seen in channel 1 is Rs.31. In channel 2, total marketing cost is Rs.285, marketing efficiency of channel 2 is 3.01 and Price spread seen in channel 2 is Rs.860.00. In channel 3, total marketing cost is Rs. 280, marketing efficiency of channel 3 is 2.69 and Price spread seen in channel 3 is Rs.755

A SURVEY ON OPPORTUNITY, SCOPE AND POSSIBILITIES OF YOGA INTERVENTION IN MODERN CHINA

The purpose of this study was to find out the scope, facilities and possibilities of Yoga intervention in China. For the purpose of this study, 201 samples i.e. yoga instructors (22); yoga studio owners (7); yoga instructors plus yoga studio owners (8) yoga practitioners (113) yoga lovers (50) and others (1) from various provinces and cities from China were randomly selected. The subjects’ age ranged between 60+ to 90+ years. To find out the scope, facilities and possibilities of Yoga intervention in China, a questionnaire made by “Vivekananda Cultural Communication (Shanghai) Co. Ltd.” based on “Daily Yoga Courses and Training Content in China” were introduced. For statistical analysis and interpretation of data, descriptive statistics of selected variables and descriptive statement analysis method were conducted. Interestingly this study found a very high level of scope, facilities and realistic possibilities of Yoga intervention in China which directly or indirectly might be help to develop yoga industries in China and also can better understand the need and interest of yoga for health and wellbeing among Chines population in new era.   Article visualizations

Identify Marketing Channel & Marketing Efficiency, Marketing Margin, Marketing Cost, Price Spread of Gobindobhog Rice in Purba Bardhaman District of West Bengal, India

The present study entitled “IDENTIFY MARKETING CHANNEL & MARKETING EFFICIENCY, MARKETING MARGIN, MARKETING COST, PRICE SPREAD OF GOBINDOBHOG RICE  IN PURBA BARDHAMAN DISTRICT OF WEST BENGAL, INDIA”. It was founded that there are two marketing channels involved in marketing of Gobindobhog in Purba Bardhaman district of West Bengal (Channel 1 – Producer/Rice mill-Wholesaler-Consumer), (Channel 2- Producer/Rice Mill- Wholesaler- Retailer-Consumer). The majorly preferred marketing channel by respondents in the study area is Channel 2. In channel 1, total marketing cost is Rs.25, total marketing margin is Rs 595, marketing efficiency of channel 1 is 2.58% and Price spread seen in channel 1 is Rs.550. In channel 2, total marketing cost is Rs.255, total marketing margin in channel 2 is Rs. 800, marketing efficiency of channel 2 is 1.71% and Price spread seen in channel 2 is Rs.755.00

A Clinical Study on Kaphaja Pandu to revalidate it’s Chikitsa Sutra w.s.r to Gomutra Klinna Haritaki

Kaphaja Pandu is a type of Pandu where Lakshana of Kapha Dosha is predominant. Pandu is a Pitta Pradhana Vyadhi, in all types of Pandu Pitta Dosha is involved and it is the main contributing factor in Samprapti of Pandu, but according to symptoms of disease it is further divided into Vataja, Pittaja, Kaphaja, Sannipataja and Mridbaksahana Janya Pandu. In case of Kaphaja Pandu, with Pitta, Kapha Dosha also gets involved in producing this particular condition. Here along with ‘Pandu Bhava’ the symptoms like Tandra, Alasya, Gaurava, Praseka, Sweta Varnata of Twak, Mukha and Mutra are seen which indicates Kaphadushti. In general Pandu is compared with Anaemia and diagnosed with less concentration of Hb in blood. Ayurveda has different Chikitsa Sutra/Siddhanta based on dominance of Dosha. Classical text says Katu, Tikta Rasa and Ushna Guna Pradhana Dravya should be used in Kaphaja Vikara. Hence this research is undertaken to study the clinical efficacy of Chikitsa Sutra “Shlaishmike Katu Tiktoshnam” w.s.r to Gomutra Klinna Haritaki in Kaphaja Pandu. In this study Gomutra Klinna Haritaki was administerd to 30 subjects for 30 days, the level of Haemoglobin and changes in Lakshana of Kaphaja Pandu has assessed before and after completion of study

A Frequency Tunable Dielectric Resonator Antenna with Reduction of Cross Polarisation for Wi MAX and Sub 6 GHz 5G Applications

A frequency Tunable (mechanical tuning) Linearly Polarized (TLP) rectangular Dielectric Resonator Antenna(DRA) coupled with a horizontal/vertical-slot and excited with circular-ring type feed is investigated in this article.The frequency tunability (mechanical tuning) is achieved by the rotation of slot at different angles of the proposedstructure. Hence, two linearly polarized antennas have been proposed for different frequency bands such as Wi-MAX and Sub-6 GHz/5G, respectively, using slot variations (named as DRA-1 and DRA-2). TE 11δ mode has been excited in both the DRAs and confirmed by orientation of electric field inside the rectangular DRA. The measured -10 dB input impedance bandwidths of DRA-1 offer 21.60 % being centered at 2.87 GHz and the separation of co-polarized and cross-polarized field levels is above -24 dB in the broadside direction (xz-plane). Whereas DRA-2 offers measured -10 dB input impedance bandwidths of 23.03% being centered at 3.56 GHz having a separation of co-polarized and cross-polarized field levels are above -23 dB in the broadside direction (xz-plane). In addition, the proposed DRA-1 and DRA-2 show a maximum gain of 5.23 dBi and 4.75 dBi in broadside direction, respectively