El desafío de prevenir la violencia : Un enfoque participativo y comunitario por la no violencia

Este trabajo se realiza en el marco del Proyecto de Extensión Universitaria destinado a crear un espacio permanente para las prácticas de formación, acorde con los objetivos curriculares. Asimismo da respuesta a las necesidades de capacitación de los equipos de salud. Es una propuesta interfacultades e intercátedras para el abordaje de la violencia a nivel local y en el primer nivel de atención, con equipos interdisciplinarios y con la comunidad, recuperando sus saberes, experiencias y generando estrategias de resolución conjuntas.Facultad de Ciencias Médica

A tale of two towns: A comparative study exploring the possibilities and pitfalls of social capital among people seeking recovery from substance misuse

Background: Social capital has become an influential concept in debating and understanding the modern world. Within the drug and alcohol sector, the concept of ‘recovery capital’ has gained traction with researchers suggesting that people who have access to such capital are better placed to overcome their substance use-related problems than those who do not (Cloud and Granfield, 2008), leading to requests for interventions that focus on building social capital networks (Neale & Stevenson, 2015). While accepting that the concept of social capital has enormous potential for addressing the problems associated with drug use, this paper also considers its ‘dark side’. Methods: Data were drawn from semi-structured interviews with 180 participants including 135 people who use drugs and 45 people who formerly used drugs. Results: High levels of trust, acquired through the establishment of dense social networks, are required to initiate recovery. However, these ‘strong bonds’ may also lead to the emergence of what is perceived by others as an exclusive social network that limits membership to those who qualify and abide by the ‘rules’ of the recovery community, particularly around continuous abstinence. Conclusions: Depending on the nature of the networks and the types of links participants have into them being socially connected can both inhibit and encourage recovery. Therefore, the successful application of social capital within the drugs and alcohol field requires a consideration of not only the presence or absence of social connections but their nature, the value they produce, and the social contexts within which they are developed

Serum time course of naltrexone and 6 beta-naltrexol levels during long term treatment in drug addicts

The pharmacokinetics of naltrexone have been scarcely explored in patients during chronic treatment despite the observation that the pharmacological effect of the drug is related to its plasma concentrations. In this study we investigated the time course of serum levels of naltrexone and its active metabolite, 6 beta-naltrexol, in 13 heroin addicts (3 F, 10 M; age 22-32 years) in the 24 h after 100 mg of naltrexone orally. Six patients were studied once, at different times during chronic treatment, whereas in seven patients the study was done at the beginning and after 1 month of naltrexone treatment. Four of these patients also repeated the study after 3 months of naltrexone treatment. Serum naltrexone and 6 beta-naltrexol were assayed by GLC with a nitrogen-phosphorus detector, Our results showed large differences among patients in serum naltrexone and 6 beta-naltrexol levels. On the other hand, there were no differences in serum time course of both substances in the same patient over 3 months. Peak levels and AUCs of naltrexone were lower than those of 6 beta-naltrexol in ten addicts and higher than those of the metabolite in three patients. No significant differences in the apparent half-lives of the two drugs were detected among groups. These data are consistent with the occurrence of a decreased first-pass metabolism of naltrexone in three patients leading to a larger availability of an oral dose. The increased bioavailability of the drug is not very important for opioid receptor antagonist activity but may play a role in naltrexone treatment safety. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved

A multi-city study of drug misuse in Europe.

This paper presents a report of the results of a comparative epidemiological study of indicators of drug misuse in seven European cities. The study was carried out between 1982 and 1986 under the auspices of the Pompidou Group of the Council of Europe. The members of the expert group summarize the drug situation in the seven cities and critically examine a range of indicators that are sometimes assumed to reflect trends in the prevalence of drug misuse. They conclude that a valuable assessment of drug misuse problems can be provided by drawing together data from several indicators. It is essential that these agency-based data are complemented by surveys and other studies of drug misuse in the populations concerned. The members of the expert group suggest that a single organizational unit is needed to integrate and analyse data and epidemiological studies and discuss different models of how this can be achieved. Improvement in the consistency and quality of the data is essential if policies are to be based on a sound understanding of trends in drug misuse

Serum naltrexone and 6-beta naltrexol concentrations in detoxified addicts during long term naltrexone treatment

The pourpose of the present study was to evaluate naltrexone and 6-b-naltrexol plasma time course during long term treatment in the usual clinical setting, in drug addicts. The plasma levels of naltrexone and 6-b-naltrexol were determined for 24 hours following an oral dose of 100 mg at the beginning and after months of naltrexone treatment. Our results showed large differences among patients in serum naltrexone and 6b-naltrexol levels. On the other hand, there were no differences in serum time course of both substances in the same patient over 3 months. Peak levels and AUCs of naltrexone were lower than those of 6b-naltrexol in 10 addicts and higher than those of the metabolite in 3 patients. No significant differences in the apparent half-lives of the two drugs were detected among groups. These data are consistent with the occurrence of a decreased first-pass metabolism of naltrexone in 3 patients leading to a larger availability of an oral dose

L'uso degli indicatori nell'epidemiologia delle tossicodipendenze in Italia

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