Kinetic characteristics for the adsorption of BG, MG, and SA.

Kinetic characteristics for the adsorption of BG, MG, and SA.</p

S4 Fig -

(a) pseudo-first-order kinetics model, (b) pseudo-second-order kinetics model, and (c) Intra-particle diffusion kinetic model for adsorption of BG, MG, and SA by MC adsorbent. (DOCX)</p

Reusability of adsorbent for dyes removal percent.

Reusability of adsorbent for dyes removal percent.</p

Fig 2 -

FESEM images of (a) MC before adsorption of dye (magnification: 25 kx, 2 μm), (b) MC after adsorption of BG (magnification: 25 kx, 2 μm), (c) MC after adsorption of MG (magnification: 25 kx, 2 μm), and (d) MC after adsorption of SA (magnification: 25 kx, 500 nm).</p

FT-IR spectrum of Crown ether, Aldehyde, and Ketone.

FT-IR spectrum of Crown ether, Aldehyde, and Ketone.</p

Effect of adsorbent dose on dye removal.

Effect of adsorbent dose on dye removal.</p

Fig 3 -

EDX of MC (a), MC after adsorption of BG (b), MC after adsorption of MG (c), and MC after adsorption of SA (d).</p

Comparison of BG, MG, and SA adsorbent in different adsorbent materials.

Comparison of BG, MG, and SA adsorbent in different adsorbent materials.</p

The parameters of the Langmuir and Freundlich and Temkin models for dye adsorption onto adsorbent.

The parameters of the Langmuir and Freundlich and Temkin models for dye adsorption onto adsorbent.</p

¹H-NMR spectrum of compound (3).

(DOCX)</p