Gebelikte aile içi şiddetin kortizol hormon salınımı ve yenidoğana etkisi

Kadın sağlığını olumsuz olarak etkileyen aile içi şiddet olgusu, gebelik döneminde de devam edebilmektedir. Ülkemizde yapılan birçok çalışmada gebelerin şiddet açısından gebelik süreci boyunca sadece bir kez değerlendirildiği, özellikle tüm gebelik sürecini kapsayacak şekilde yapılan, perinatal sonuçları ve doğum sonrası süreci de değerlendiren çalışma sayısının az olduğu görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada, gebelikte aile içi şiddetin kortizol hormon salınımına, erken doğuma, düşük doğum ağırlığına ve emzirme durumuna olan etkisini belirlemek amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmanın evrenini Gaziantep Halide Alevli Aile Sağlığı Merkezi’nde takipli yaklaşık 412 gebe oluşturmuştur. Ancak kayıpların olabileceği tahmin edilerek 255 gebeye ulaşılmıştır. Veri toplama araçları araştırmacı tarafından geliştirilen soru formu, KYAİŞBÖ (Kadına Yönelik Aile İçi Şiddeti Belirleme Ölçeği) ve Emzirme Öz-Yeterlilik Ölçeği’nden oluşmaktadır. Çalışmamızda gebelere üç izlem yapılmıştır. Her izlemde ve yenidoğandan da kortizol hormon düzeyi için tükürük örneği alınmıştır. Birinci izlemde 2.trimesterdeki gebelere (14–26.hafta) soru formu, KYAİŞBÖ ve Emzirme Öz-Yeterlilik Ölçeği uygulanmıştır. İkinci izlemde 3.trimesterdeki gebelere (27–41.hafta) ve üçüncü izlemde lohusa annelere Emzirme Öz-Yeterlilik Ölçeği uygulanmıştır. Araştırmaya katılan gebelerin %9.8’inin eşi tarafından şiddete maruz kaldığı belirlenmiştir. KYAİŞBÖ faktörlerinin ilki olan ‘Kadının vücut bütünlüğüne zarar verici düzeyde fiziksel şiddet’in ortalama puanının diğer faktörlere göre en yüksek oranda olduğu bulunmuştur. Gebeliğinde aile içi şiddete maruz kalanların kalmayanlara göre, üçüncü izlemindeki Emzirme Öz-Yeterlilik Ölçeği puan ortalaması arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulunmuştur (p<0.05). Gebeliğinde aile içi şiddete maruz kalma durumuyla bebeklerin doğum haftası arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark saptanmıştır (p<0.05). Gebeliğinde aile içi şiddete maruz kalanların kalmayanlara göre bebeklerinin kortizol hormon düzeyi sonuç ortalaması arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulunmuştur (p<0.05). Ülkemizde kadına yönelik aile içi şiddeti önlemeyi hedefleyen hizmetlerin sürekliliğinin sağlanması, hizmetlerdeki aksaklıkların nedenlerinin belirlenmesi ve etki analizlerinin yapılması gerekmektedir

The Preventative Knowledge and Experience of Anesthesiology Students with C-arm Fluoroscopy

Objective: Long-term C-arm fluoroscopy exposes medical personnel to substantial radiation doses. Preventing this exposure requires protective equipment and radiation safety. This study examined anesthesia students' using fluoroscopy and preventive knowledge. Methods: This descriptive and cross-sectional study included 139 Vocational High School Anesthesia students. The "Healthcare Professional Knowledge of Radiation Protection" scale and a 13-question survey collected data. The scale was designed with a Likert scale and three sub-factors. If the total and sub-dimension item average score of the scale is below 5, it indicates that the level of knowledge of radiation protection among medical personnel is low, and if it is above 5, it indicates that the level of knowledge is high. Results: More than half of the students (59.8%) heard the radiation from the fluoroscopy device, the vast majority (82.7%) did not receive radiation protection training, 58.3% stayed away from the device while it was operating, and 70.5% stated that it is crucial to stay away from the device while it was operating. It was determined that there was a statistically significant difference (p\u3c0.05) in the "Radiation Physics, Biology, and Radiation Usage Principles" sub-dimension of students who were male, in their second year of education, received radiation protection training, and offered reliable answers to a number of questions measuring their level of radiation knowledge. In addition, the research revealed a positive and highly significant correlation between the scale and its subdimensions. Conclusion: Although the scale scores of the students who received radiation protection training and had a high level of radiation knowledge were substantially higher than those of the other students, the average score of the students was less than 5. This indicates that students have an inadequate understanding of radiation protection. To prevent the negative biological effects of radiation on the human body, it is necessary to conduct epidemiological research, educate health care professionals and anesthesiology students about the effects and processes of this radiation on human cells, and provide frequent training. Radiation, radiation's biological effects, and radiation protection should be included in health students' curricula

The Perceptions of Young Adults Towards Social Gender Roles

Objective: This study aims to provide an in-depth knowledge of the perspectives of young adults on gender roles. There is a lack of literature in the appropriate age classes. Methods: The study is descriptive in nature and includes 473 students. This research was conducted using a questionnaire and the Social Gender Perception Scale (SGPS) to collect data. Results: It was determined that 52.4% of the study participants were female and 47.6% were male. 63% of the participants were affiliated with the Faculty of Health Sciences, while the remainder were students from other faculties. The average SGPS score of the participants was 95.62±18.17, but this score varied based on socio-demographic variables. Specifically, being female, possessing an undergraduate degree or higher, studying in a health sciences faculty, and having a mother who completed primary school or higher were all linked to higher SGPS mean scores. Furthermore, statistical analysis revealed a significant difference between these groups (p\u3c0.05). Conclusion: It is imperative that parents are provided with educational programs aimed at fostering knowledge of social gender roles and cultivating egalitarian attitudes and viewpoints. It is important to strategically design and execute research endeavours aimed at ascertaining the perspectives and attitudes of parents of young individuals with respect to societal gender roles

Ultrasound phantom with solids mimicking cancerous tissue for needle breast biopsy

This study aimed at synthesizing hydrogels to simulate opaque breast tissue (BT) and coloured cancerous tissues (CT) at different densities of the designed phantom to improve the biopsy-related skills along with ultrasonography. Both tissues are tear-resistant and therefore, the phantom can be trained multiple times in order to lower the price and improve the eye-hand coordination of users. For this purpose, self-healing (SH) polyacrylamide (PAAm) hydrogels (SH hydrogel) obtained by free-radical polymerization of AAm, in the presence of chemical cross-linker, BAAm, physical cross-linker stearyl methacrylate, C18, and ammonium persulfate APS as initiator were used in the design of phantoms. Psyllium was added to the BT to differentiate density and obtain human skin color and it could be distinguished from the CT which was also colored with methyl violet. BT and CTs were characterized with FTIR spectroscopy, mechanical, swelling, and refractive index measurements. Designing phantoms from BT and CT were characterized by ultrasonography, mechanical tests, observation of needle track after biopsy, and stabilization tests to follow the self-healing behaviours of tissues with time. As a result of this study, self-healing, low-cost, and suitable for multi-usage ultrasonographic phantom for needle breast biopsy was designed and cancerous tissue was successfully detected.[214S357]Acknowledgements We thank T?B?TAK, which supported our work with project number of 214S357. Many thanks to Dentist Dr. Hayri Bingeli for their help with molding the hydrogels

Micro-computed tomography assesment of structural microporosity and marginal gaps in different flowable composites placed with different instruments

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the structural microporosity (MP) and marginal gap (MG) of different flowable composite resins placed with different instruments using micro-computed tomography (μCT). Materials and Methods: Standard Class II MOD cavities were prepared on 108 lower third molar teeth. Three different flowable composite resins; Filtek Bulk-fill, SDR Bulk-fill and I-Flow conventional flowable composite resin were applied to the cavities using a sharp explorer, a microbrush or an injector. After they were covered with a paste-like nanohybrid composite resin, μCT images were examined in terms of MP and MG. Statistical analysis of the data was performed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc tests. Results: MP was observed less in explorer group than microbrush and injector groups (p 0.05). i-FLOW flowable composite resin showed the highest MP rate compared to the other two groups (p 0.05). In terms of MG, i-FLOW presented higher MG values than other two materials (p 0.05). Conclusions: Additional occluso-gingivally vibration of flowable materials with an explorer may be useful in the placement. Bulk-fill composite resins are better than conventional flowable composite resin in terms of MP and MG

The impact of bilingualism on teaching Turkish as a foreign language in Tunisia

YÖK Tez ID: 573170Günümüzde gerek bireysel tercihler gerek de toplumsal zorunluluk ya da ihtiyaçlar sebebiyle Tunus, iki dilli bir toplum olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Genel olarak bakıldığında iki dillilik; bireyin tercihen ya da zorunlu nedenlerle iki dili de aktif olarak kullanma yetisidir. İki dillilik olarak adlandırılan bu gerçekliğin insan hayatında belirleyici etkilerinin olduğu bilinmektedir. Bireyi psikolojik ve sosyolojik yönden etkileyen iki dillilik, bireyin hayatı boyunca ulaşmaya çalıştığı fizyolojik ve psikolojik ihtiyaçlarının da anahtarı konumundadır. Bireysel, toplumsal ve kültürel iletişimin temel kaynağı olan iki dillilik,toplumsal gelişimin de temel dinamiği durumundadır.Bu temel dinamiği olumlu yönde geliştirmek, bireysel ve toplumsal refahı sağlamak için iki dilli eğitim ortamlarındaki sorunların gerçekçi bir şekilde tespit edilmesi ve bu sorunların giderilmesine yönelik saha çalışmalarına ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Çalışmanın amacı, Arapça ve Fransızca eş zamanlı olarak iki dilde eğitim yapan, iki dillilik gerçeğinin yaşandığı bir coğrafya olan Tunus'ta, yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğretimi sürecine iki dilliliğin etkilerini tespit etmek ve yaşanan sorunları en aza indirerek iki dilliliğin Türkçe öğretimine etkisinin olumlu yönde gelişmesine katkılar sunmaktır. Bu bağlamda çalışmada yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu aracıyla 70 öğrenci ve 5 Türkçe öğretmeniyle görüşmeler yapılmış ve içerik analizi yöntemiyle elde edilen bulgular yorumlanmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda, yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğretimi sürecinde; karşılıklı konuşma, yazılı anlatım becerileri, dil-kültür, dilbilgisi ve telaffuz gibi konulardaki iki dilliğin olumlu ya da olumsuz etkileri tespit edilip iki dilliliğin etkilerinin olumlu yönde gelişmesine yönelik öneriler getirilmeye çalışılmıştır. Anahtar Kelimeler: İki Dillilik, Yabancı Dil, Türkçe Öğretimi, Tunus'ta Türkçe Öğretimi.Today, Tunisia is a bilingual society due to both individual preferences and social necessities or needs. Bilingualism in general; the ability of the individual to actively use both languages, preferably or for compulsory reasons. It is known that this reality, called bilingualism, has decisive effects on human life. Bilingualism, which affects the individual psychologically and sociologically, is the key to the physiological and psychological needs of the individual throughout his life. Bilingualism, which is the main source of individual, social and cultural communication, is also the basic dynamic of social development. In order to develop this basic dynamics in a positive way and to ensure individual and social welfare, field studies are needed for realistically identifying and solving the problems in bilingual education environments. The main aims of this study are to determine the effects of bilingualism on the process of teaching Turkish as a foreign language in Tunisia, which is a geography where bilingualism is experienced in Arabic and French simultaneously,and to improve and to make contributions the effect of bilingualism on Turkish teaching. In this context, interviews were conducted with 70 students and 5 Turkish teachers through the semi-structured interview form and the findings obtained through content analysis were interpreted. As a result, in the process of teaching Turkish as a foreign language in the context of bilingualism; problems such as mutual speaking, written expression skills, language-culture, grammar and pronunciation were identified and solutions were proposed. Key Words: Bilingualism, Foreign Language, Turkish Language Teaching, Turkish Language Teaching in Tunisia

Evaluation of Communication Skills of Intensive Care Nurses

Hemşirelerin bakım verdiği bireylere ulaşmasını sağlayan en temel araç iletişim bilgi ve becerisidir. Bu beceri, yoğun bakım ünitesi gibi kritik ortamlarda daha önemli olmaktadır. Bu araştırma yoğun bakım hemşirelerinin iletişim becerilerini değerlendirmek amacıyla tanımlayıcı tipte yapılmıştır. Çalışma, Güneydoğu Anadolu bölgesinde bulunan dört hastanenin yoğun bakım ünitelerinden görev yapan 260 hemşire ile Ocak-Mart 2018 tarihlerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Verilerin toplanmasında, Hemşire Tanıtıcı Bilgi Formu ve İletişim Becerileri Değerlendirme Ölçeği (İBDÖ) kullanılmıştır. Katılımcıların %68.1’inin lisans ve üzeri eğitime sahip olduğu ve %56.2’sinin son bir yıl içinde iletişim becerilerine yönelik eğitim aldığı belirlenmiştir. Lisans ve üzeri düzeyde eğitime sahip hemşirelerin lise mezunu hemşirelere göre iletişim becerileri daha iyi bulunmuştur. Son bir yıl içerisinde iletişime yönelik eğitim alan hemşirelerin iletişim becerilerinin, almayanlara göre daha yüksek seviyede olduğu saptanmıştır. Çalışmadan elde edilen sonuçlar doğrultusunda; hemşirelerin iletişim becerilerini geliştirmeye yönelik hizmet içi eğitim programlarının düzenlenmesi ve sürekliliğinin sağlanması, iletişim becerilerinin belirli aralıklarla değerlendirilmesi, yoğun bakım ünitelerinde yaşanan iletişim güçlüklerinin belirlenmesi ve buna yönelik önlemlerin alınması önerilmektedir.The most basic tool enabling nurses to reach the individuals they care for is the skill and knowledge of communication. This skill becomes more important in critical settings such as intensive care units. The present study was conducted in a descriptive design to evaluate the communication skills of intensive care nurses. The study was conducted between January-March 2018 with 260 nurses who worked at the intensive care units of four hospitals in the Southeastern Anatolia Region. The Nurse Descriptive Characteristics Form and The Communication Skills Evaluation Scale were used to collect the study data. It was found that 68.1% of the participants had undergraduate or higher educational status, and 56.2% received training on communication skills in the last year. The communication skills of the nurses who had undergraduate and higher educational status were better than those with high school degrees. It was also found that the communication skills of the nurses who received communication training in the last year were higher than those who did not. In line with the results obtained in the present study, it is recommended to organize and sustain in-service training programs to improve communication skills of nurses, to evaluate communication skills at regular intervals, to identify communication difficulties in intensive care units, and to take measures regarding this aspect

Optimization and prediction of thrust force, vibration and delamination in drilling of functionally graded composite using Taguchi, ANOVA and ANN analysis

WOS:000471639500002Composite materials offers many advantages over traditional materials in terms of weight, strength and design flexibility. However, machining of these materials leads to some critical problems such as delamination, inferior surface finish and excessive tool wear due to their anisotropic and inhomogeneity structure. In particular, in manufacturing of the functionally graded composite (FGC) materials, this situation becomes more complicated since these composites have been made with different stacking sequences. In this work, drilling performance of FGC, depending on delamination, thrust force and vibration, has been investigated experimentally by using different cutting parameters, which are feed rate, spindle speed and material directions (carbon/epoxy and glass/epoxy). From the results of experiments, the material direction has deeply affected the delamination (89.5%) but has rarely affected the thrust force (0.1%) and vibration (8.4%). Feed rate is the most impactful factor on thrust force and vibration generation. Whereas the feed rate has a direct proportion to the thrust force and delamination, the spindle speed has an inverse proportion to these responses. When the results evaluated generally, In addition to that, a surrogate model is created through ANN to estimate the responses or cutting parameters on the drilling process in a wider range.Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University Scientific Research Project (BAP) [13-M-13]A certain part of this study was supported by Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University Scientific Research Project (BAP) unit with the project number of 13-M-13

Knowledge and opinions on nurses’ Team Work’s

The aim of this study is to determine the knowledge and opinions of the nurses about teamwork. This descriptive study was conducted with 206 nurses in Şahinbey Education Research and Application Hospital. Data were collected using the questionnaire prepared by the researchers, and the ‘’ Teamwork Attitudes Questionnaire ‘’ (T-TAQ). Number, percentage, mean ± standard deviation and Chi-square, t-test, and ANOVA analysis were performed as descriptive statistics. 72.8% of the nurses are female, and 27.2% are male. The mean age of the nurses was 29.8 ± 4.8 years. 73.3% of the nurses were trained on the subject during primary education, 55.3% of them were trained on the subject after graduation, and 58.3% of them stated that teamwork was carried out in the unit they were working in. The mean score of the Teamwork Attitudes Questionnaire was 107.96 ± 23.21. Despite receiving the lowest score from the mutual support sub-dimension, this score is above the mean. The highest mean score was taken from the leadership sub-dimension. It was determined that there was a statistically significant difference between the team structure and the mutual support sub-dimension in the comparison of the gender and teamwork attitudes scores of the nurses (p 0.05). As a result of the study, it is seen that the nurses are trained in teamwork and acted effectively in the health team