Yeast genetic screens provide insight into the manganese homeostasis network.

<p><b>A</b>, Screen for manganese resistant deletion strains. A representative plate is shown (each plate contains 384 different yeast deletion strains pinned in duplicate, 768 total colonies). Left, control plate (0 mM Mn²⁺); right, plate containing 25 mM Mn²⁺. The red arrow points to a manganese resistant strain, growing better than the other strains in the presence of a toxic concentration of Mn²⁺. <b>B</b>, Manganese resistance in the <i>mam3Δ</i> strain is independent of Ypk9 function. A representative spotting assay showing that resistance to Mn²⁺ in the <i>mam3</i>Δ strain is independent of Ypk9. Five-fold serial dilutions of WT, <i>ypk9</i>Δ, <i>mam3</i>Δ and <i>mam3</i>Δ <i>ypk9</i>Δ were spotted on SD plates containing different Mn²⁺ concentrations. <b>C</b>, Functional categories of genes enriched as manganese sensitive hits in the Mn²⁺ tolerance screen compared to the yeast genome. <b>D</b>, Functional categories of genes enriched as manganese resistant hits in the Mn²⁺ tolerance screen compared to the yeast genome.</p

Essential yeast genes that show synthetic sick interactions with Ypk9.

<p>Essential yeast genes that show synthetic sick interactions with Ypk9.</p

Deletion strains whose Mn²⁺ tolerance is dependent or independent on Ypk9.

<p>In normal-face, Ypk9 independent strains; in italics, strains that lose resistance or gain sensitivity (aggravating interactions); in bold-face, strains that either gain resistance or lose sensitivity (alleviating interactions).</p