How Media Literacy, Trust of Experts and Flu Vaccine Behaviors Associated with COVID-19 Vaccine Intentions

To assess how previous experiences and new information contributed to COVID-19 vaccine intentions. Online survey (N = 1264) with quality checks. Cross-sectional U.S. survey fielded June 22-July 18, 2020. U.S. residents 18+; quotas reflecting U.S. Census, limited to English speakers participating in internet panels. Media literacy for news content and sources, COVID-19 knowledge; perceived usefulness of health experts; if received flu vaccine in past 12 months; vaccine willingness scale; demographics. Structural equation modelling. Perceived usefulness of health experts ( = .422, < .001) and media literacy ( = .162, < .003) predicted most variance in vaccine intentions (R-squared=31.5%). A significant interaction ( = .163, < .001) between knowledge ( = -.132, = .052) and getting flu shot ( = .185, < .001) predicted additional 3.5% of the variance in future vaccine intentions. An increase in knowledge of COVID-19 associated with a decrease in vaccine intention among those declining the flu shot. The interaction result suggests COVID-19 knowledge had a positive association with vaccine intention for flu shot recipients but a counter-productive association for those declining it. Media literacy and trust in health experts provided strong counterbalancing influences. Survey-based findings are correlational; thus, predictions are based on theory. Future research should study these relationships with panel data or experimental designs

Getting to the heart of the matter: Needs assessment report submitted to the Extension Collaborative on Immunization Teaching & Engagement

Washington State University’s EXCITE (Extension Collaborative on Immunization Teaching and Engagement) team, operating out of the Edward R. Murrow Center for Media & Health Promotion Research, aims to provide Extension professionals with resources to equip and empower them to implement vaccine education in their communities. Our team conducted a needs assessment to enhance resource development and evaluation. This report provides a summary of our findings, in which we highlight key insights into the most pressing resources that professionals need to make an informed choice in their own best interest to participate as active agents in vaccine education in their communities

Explorations in managers' attitudes to time : Relationship with locus of control

The research is concerned with psychological time. It describes dimensions along which to measure attitude to time and relates these to locus of control. It seeks to indicate how attitude to time can be related to various strategies which managers may employ in managing their time. An instrument for measuring attitude of time (Time Questionnaire) has been derived from a Wessman model by factor analysis. The resulting dimensions (being organised, present-rootedness, personal harassment, changeability and relaxed style) have been interpreted with the aid of semi-structured interviews with practising managers. Attitude profiles derived by cluster analysis allow managers to be classified into three broad groups. Rotter's locus of control scale was selected for further testing because of its relevant theoretical base and its methodological appropriateness. Factor analysis was employed to challenge Rotter's contention that the scale is unidimensional. Two dimensions have been identified (general luck and political control) which show partial correlation with the Time Questionnaire dimensions. A method of identifying internals and externals by weighted scores on the two dimensions provides a more accurate description than the conventional method. The two strands of the research were integrated in a study with managers of a large city council, based on the use of the Time Questionnaire and the locus of control scale. As part of the integrative study an additional instrument was developed to analyse strategies used for overcoming time management obstacles (Obstacles Questionnaire). Finally, the research offers a Time Questionnaire which will help managers and other researchers to increase their understanding of attitude to time. It offers a two-dimensional view of locus of control with an improved method of scoring. It also offers an Obstacles Questionnaire which can be used to link attitudes to time to any future observation studies on time management

The Relationship Between Tolerance For Ambiguity And Students Propensity To Cheat On A College Exam

Businesses in the United States are being ravaged internally for a total of up to $400 billion yearly by white-collar crime (Martin, 1998).   Fraud, the culprit, is defined as, “deceit; trickery; cheating” (Webster’s New World dictionary, 1978).  This phenomenon knows no bounds, has no feelings, respects no one; and its perpetrators are described as the “greatest threat to businesses of all sizes” by Mark Simmons, a New York-based auditor with 20 years’ experience of fighting fraud (Applegate, 1998).  This exploratory study is aimed at gaining a greater understanding of the psychological consistency of these perpetrators, who remain a constant threat to business education

Youth Perspectives on the Effects of a Family-centered Media Literacy Intervention to Encourage Healthier Eating

A pretest-posttest field test with control group (N = 189 parent-child dyads) tested a structural model representing youths' (ages 9-14) perspectives to examine the efficacy of a family-centered, media literacy-oriented intervention promoting fruit and vegetable consumption. The intervention facilitated critical discussion about nutrition and media, mentored by the parent. Results showed that youths' increases in fruit and vegetable consumption flowed from parent-child discussion of nutrition labels, which was predicted by child-initiated discussion, critical thinking about media sources, and critical thinking about media content. Multivariate analyses revealed that the intervention was productive for all participating age groups and for all dependent variables. The results suggest that a developmental progression from critical thinking about source to critical thinking about content affects behavior change and can be catalyzed through media literacy education and encouragement to discuss media messages (i.e. practice) with parents

Reconsidering the "Violent Offender"

Demonizing people as violent has perpetuated policies rooted in fear rather than fact. In this paper, we break from the tradition of punitiveness toward people convicted of violent offenses and argue that the violent offender label breaches the principle of parsimony, distorts proportionality, and fails as a predictive tool for future violent behavior. The label disproportionately affects people of color—black and Hispanic people comprise larger shares of people incarcerated for violent offenses in state prisons than white people. In short, the violent offender label offers little to criminal justice policy. Instead, justice policy should focus on those who actually commit violence, mitigate responses based on the experience of violent victimization, and discount the violent offender label as predictive of future violence

Power Transmission Control using Distributed Max-Flow

Existing maximum flow algorithms use one processor for all calculations or one processor per vertex in a graph to calculate the maximum possible flow through a graph\u27s vertices. This is not suitable for practical implementation. We extend the max-flow work of Goldberg and Tarjan to a distributed algorithm to calculate maximum flow where the number of processors is less than the number of vertices in a graph. Our algorithm is applied to maximizing electrical flow within a power network where the power grid is modeled as a graph. Error detection measures are included to detect problems in a simulated power network. We show that our algorithm is successful in executing quickly enough to prevent catastrophic power outages

Briefing: Great Lakes Regional Economic Initiative

The Big Ten University Representativeshttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/88476/1/2005_GLEI_Pres_Compressed.pd