Phylogenetic tree of <i>Steinernema</i>.

<p>Maximum likelihood tree of a 502 bp of the 28S rDNA region from 10 <i>Steinernema</i> isolates from Nam Nao National Park, Phetchabun Province, Thailand (codes ending with TH), together with 41 <i>Steinernema</i> sequences downloaded from the GenBank database. <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> <b>(</b>accession no. JN636101.1<b>)</b> was used as the outgroup. Bootstrap values are based on 1,000 replicates.</p

Phylogenetic tree of <i>Xenorhabdus</i>.

<p>Maximum likelihood tree of a 588 bp of the <i>recA</i> gene for 14 <i>Xenorhabdus</i> isolates from Nam Nao National Park, Phetchabun Province, Thailand (codes ending with TH), together with 23 <i>Xenorhabdus</i> sequences downloaded from the GenBank database. <i>Escherichia coli</i> (accession no. U00096.3) was used as an outgroup. Bootstrap values are based on 1,000 replicates.</p

Mortality rate of <i>Ae</i>. <i>aegypti</i> and <i>Ae</i>. <i>albopictus</i> larvae after exposure to suspensions of <i>Xenorhabdus</i> and <i>Photorhabdus</i> isolated from entomopathogenic nematodes in Nam Nao National Park, Phetchabun Province, Thailand.

<p>Mortality rate of <i>Ae</i>. <i>aegypti</i> and <i>Ae</i>. <i>albopictus</i> larvae after exposure to suspensions of <i>Xenorhabdus</i> and <i>Photorhabdus</i> isolated from entomopathogenic nematodes in Nam Nao National Park, Phetchabun Province, Thailand.</p

Phylogenetic tree of <i>Photorhabdus</i>.

<p>Maximum likelihood tree of a 588 bp of the <i>recA</i> region for 13 <i>Photorhabdus</i> isolates from Nam Nao National Park, Phetchabun Province, Thailand (codes ending with TH), together with 16 <i>Photorhabdus</i> sequences downloaded from the GenBank database. <i>Escherichia coli</i> (accession no. U00096.3) was used as an outgroup. Bootstrap values are based on 1,000 replicates.</p

Diversity indices of COI and 16S rDNA sequences in the <i>I</i>. <i>exustus</i> populations from Thailand and other geographical regions.

Diversity indices of COI and 16S rDNA sequences in the I. exustus populations from Thailand and other geographical regions.</p

Diversity indices of the combined mtDNA in the <i>I</i>. <i>exustus</i> populations from Thailand and other geographical regions.

Diversity indices of the combined mtDNA in the I. exustus populations from Thailand and other geographical regions.</p

Phylogenetic tree of <i>Heterorhabditis</i>.

<p>Maximum likelihood tree of a 542 bp of the ITS region from two <i>Heterorhabditis</i> isolates from Nam Nao National Park, Phetchabun Province, Thailand (codes ending with TH), together with 18 <i>Heterorhabditis</i> sequences downloaded from the GenBank database. <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> (accession no. JN636101.1) was used as the outgroup. Bootstrap values are based on 1,000 replicates.</p

Association between EPN hosts and symbiotic bacteria in Nam in Nam Nao National Park, Phetchabun Province, Thailand.

<p>Association between EPN hosts and symbiotic bacteria in Nam in Nam Nao National Park, Phetchabun Province, Thailand.</p

Distribution of the haplotype for <i>I</i>. <i>exustus</i> in Thailand.

(A) Median joining network of 162 I. exustus in Thailand based on COI, 16S rDNA, combined mtDNA, and ITS1 sequences. Each haplotype is represented by a circle, and circle sizes are proportional to haplotype frequency. Colors indicate the geographic origin of the haplotypes. Number on each branch represents the mutational step number, while the branch with no number represents one mutation step. Median vectors (small red dots) represent ancestral haplotypes that are either not sampled or missing haplotypes. (B) Distribution of COI haplotypes of I. exustus in Thailand. Colors represent different regions: North = pink; Northeast = orange; Central = red; West = green; East = blue; and South = yellow. The map was created using MapChart software’s free version licence https://www.mapchart.net/terms.html#licensing-maps, under a CC BY license with permission of Minas Giannekas (owner and creator of the map-making website mapchart.net).</p

Number of nucleotide sequences of <i>I</i>. <i>exustus</i> used for genetic analyses.

Number of nucleotide sequences of I. exustus used for genetic analyses.</p