Characteristics of patients included in the study.

<p>*on time of admission.</p><p>n.a.: not applicable.</p

Concentration of IaIp in patients with varying DENV disease severity (day of admission to the hospital) and in healthy controls (hc).

<p>*: statistically significant differences with the Mann-Whitney test. Straight lines represent the median.</p

Concentration of IaIp in DENV infected patients with varying disease severity on different time points after infection.

<p>Data are depicted as mean ± standard deviation.</p

TLR gene expression profiling of 56 children from Indonesia with severe dengue virus infections: <i>P</i>-values indicating up- or down-regulation relative to baseline.

a)<p>day <i>E</i>, −1, 0, 1 and 5–8 post defervescence; defined as the first day after start of fever that the body temperature returns to normal. <i>E</i> = Early; defined as clustering of admission samples of patients presenting >1 day before defervescence (n = 20).</p>b)<p><i>P</i>-values indicate up- or down-regulation of gene transcription during infection, relative to baseline levels collected from a 1-month follow-up visit. A <i>P</i>-value<0.05 was considered statistically significant. NS = Not Significant. ND = Not Detectable.</p

Differential gene expression patterns in dengue disease.

<p>mRNA levels (arbitrary units relative to β-2-microglobulin expression; presented as mean±SEM) from Indonesian children (n = 56) with severe dengue infections from day ‘Early’ (including admission samples of patients presenting >1 day before defervescence; n = 20), −1, 0, 1 and 5–8 from defervescence. Whereas <i>IFNG</i> and <i>IL12A</i> were up-regulated, a cluster of genes related to the NF-κB pathway was down-regulated, including <i>NFΚB1, NFΚB2, IL1B</i> and <i>IL8</i>.</p

Association of inflammatory gene expression levels with disease severity parameters in 56 children from Indonesia with severe dengue virus infections during defervescence.

a)<p>Day −1, 0 and 1 post defervescence; defined as the first day after start of fever that the body temperature returns to normal.</p>b)<p>OR±SE = odds ratio±standard error. A <i>P</i>-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant (^*). P-values showing a trend to significance (<.10) are also shown. NS = Not Significant.</p

Clinical characteristics of 56 children from Indonesia admitted to the hospital with severe dengue virus infections.

a)<p>dengue fever (DF), dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) and dengue shock syndrome (DSS) according to WHO criteria</p>b)<p>primary or secondary infection</p