Synthesis and characterization of antiseptic soap from neem oil and shea butter oil

In this work, neem oil and shea butter oil were mixed in various proportions and used in preparing soaps which were subsequently characterized. The combination of Neem oil to Shea butter oil considered were 100:0, 80:20, 60:40, 50:50, 40:60, 20:80 and 0:100 (wt:wt). The physical properties of the prepared soap including hardness, foamability and pH were analyzed. The antibacterial properties of the prepared soaps in terms of sensitivity, minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration (with respect to Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis) indicated that the optimal anti-bacterial property of the developed soap was obtained with the exclusive use of shea butter oil.Keywords: Neem oil, shea butter, antibacterial property.African Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 12(29), pp. 4656-466

Prevalence of Intestinal Helminthes of Dogs That Have Been Disposed Off At Non-Descript Abattoirs in Zaria, Nigeria

Parasitological investigation of dogs disposed off in non-descript abattoirs was carried out in two communities (Basawa and Angwagodo) in Zaria. Intestines from seventy (70) adult dogs were collected, and standard procedures were followed to determine their parasite loads. A total of sixty-three dogs (90.00%) were positive for different species of helminthes. The helminthes recovered were Dipylidium caninum, Taenia spp, Ancylostoma caninum and Toxocara canis. D. caninum was present in thirty five dogs (50.00%), Taenia spp in twenty dogs (28.57%). Ancylostoma caninum in twenty five dogs (35.71%) and Toxocara canis in four dogs (5.71%). There were no statistically significant associations between the location of study and frequency of recovery of each helminthes (P>0.05). Toxocara canis was only detected at Angwagodo. The mean worm load by location was higher at Angwagodo (24.59+55.03) than Basawa (8.66+9.44). The sex of the dog had no significant effect on the recovery of each helminthes (P>0.05). However, female dogs had a higher worm load (22.14+57.41) than the male dogs (12.12+18.44). The result of this study suggests that about 90% of the dog population in Zaria may be contributing to the contamination of the environment with eggs of zoonotic helminthes. Key words: Intestinal helminthes, Dogs, Non-descript Abattoirs, Zaria

The use of cervical smear in the diagnosis of gemital tract infections at a University Teaching Hospital

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The influence of marital factors on genital human papilloma virus infection

Aim: To study the association between marital factors and human papilloma virus (HPV) infection of the cervix. Method: The subjects were 450 randomly selected sexually active women attending the antenatal, postnatal, gynaecology and family planning clinics in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, Nigeria between April 2001 to May 2002. The Pap smear of these patients were examined microscopically for evidence of HPV infection. A questionnaire assessing various marital characteristics of the patients were administered. Result: Abnormal smears occurred in 245 (54.5%) of the patients screened. Forty eight women (10.7%) had HPV associated changes constituting 19.6% of all abnormal smears. Their ages ranged between 15 and 64 years, with a mean of 26+3 years. There was a statistically significant association between marital status and genital HPV infection. Conclusion: Single sexually active women are at increased risk of acquiring HPV infection of the cervix and should be the target in a sporadic or an organized cervical cancer screening programme without discriminating other sexually active women. Keywords: Marital factors, HPV, Pap smear, OrluPort Harcourt Medical Journal Vol. 3 (1) 2008: pp. 62-6

The influence of contraceptive use on genital human papilloma virus infection

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