Effect of Ficus exasperata leaf meal on the growth performance and carcass characteristics of three-weeks-old Coturnix coturnix japonica (Japanese quails)

five-week experiment was conducted to determine the effect of Ficus exasperata leaf meal (FELM) on the growth performance and carcass characteristics of three-weeks-old Japanese quails. Ninety-six (96) Japanese layer quails were randomly allocated to four (4) dietary treatments T1, T2, T3 and T4 with 0%, 2%, 4% and 6% of FELM partially replacing similar amounts of soy-bean meal respectively, and with 3 replicates per treatment. T1 served as the control diet (No FELM). Eight (8) quails were allotted to each replicate under completely randomised design. Growth performance were measured during the feeding trial and afterwards, carcass characteris-tics were evaluated. Data collected were analysed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) as de-scribed by Minitab (version 18.1). The means were compared using Tukey’s pairwise comparison with a confidence level of 95%. There were no significant (p>0.05) differences in the mean daily and total feed intakes, initial weights and final live weight among the various treatments. However, there were significant (p<0.05) differences in the daily and total weight gains across the various treatments, with T1 recording the highest weight gain, followed by T2, T3 and T4. There was a significant (p<0.05) difference in the mean feed conversion ratio among the treatments, with T4 being a poor converter of feed to gain. The feed cost per kilogram diet and the feed cost per kilo-gram weight gain decreased as the inclusion levels of FELM increased. There were significant (p<0.05) differences in the live, bled and eviscerated weights across the various treatment, with T2 recording the highest weights, followed by T1, T3 and then T4. Shank, drum stick, thigh and breast muscle weights also recorded significant (p<0.05) differences among the various treatment, with a similar trend as mentioned above, T2 recording the highest weights followed by T1, T3 and T4. The remaining carcass parameters recorded no significant differences across the various treat-ments. The results indicate that FELM may be fed to quail birds up to 4% of the diet without any adverse effects on their growth performance and carcass characteristics

Effect of fresh raw quail eggs on the lipid profile and blood sugar level of diabetes-induced albino rats - A review

A review was carried out to ascertain the effect of fresh raw quail eggs on the lipid profile and blood sugar level of diabetes-induced albino rats. Data were gathered from Google Scholar, Re-search Gate and Google. A total of 34 articles were  selected for evaluation out of 154, which were retrieved and subjected to careful and critical review. All the articles reviewed, indicated a common treatment group (Diabetes induced rats treated with fresh raw quail eggs) and two controls (positive and negative). The positive control involved diabetes induced albino rats not treated with fresh raw quail eggs, the negative control on the other hand involved normal albino rats untreated with fresh quail eggs. Seventy-five percent (75%) of the articles reviewed reported a reduction (p<0.05) in the total cholesterol levels (TC) when the diabetic albino rats were treated with fresh raw quail eggs as compared to the positive control. Eighty-five percent (85%) of the authors had a reduction (p<0.05) in the high density lipoprotein levels (HDLC) for treatment group compared to their positive control counterparts, when they treated the diabetic albino rats with quail eggs. All the articles reviewed reported a decrease (p<0.05) in the Low density lipoprotein (LDLC) among diabetic albino rats treated with fresh raw quail eggs as compared to their positive control counter-parts. Seven-five percent (75%) of the articles reported a reduction (p<0.05) in the total triglycer-ide level (TG) among the diabetic albino rats treated with fresh raw quail eggs as compared to their control counterparts. It was further noticed that, all the articles reviewed, noted a decrease (p<0.05) in the blood glucose level when they treated the diabetic albino rats with fresh raw quail eggs. From the foregoing, it can be established that quail eggs was responsible for the various re-ductions seen above and so it can be concluded that quail eggs is a potential remedy for Diabetes mellitus

Effects of Moringa oleifera leaf meal on fertility, egg quality and hatchability of Japanese quails

This experiment was conducted to determine the effect of Moringa oleifera leaf meal (MOLM) on fertility, egg quality, and hatchability of Japanese quail eggs at the early stage of laying. One hun-dred and ninety-two (192) Japanese layer quails were randomly allocated to four (4) dietary treat-ments; T1, T2, T3 and T4 with 0%, 5%, 10% and 15% of MOLM partially replacing similar amounts of soybean meal respectively. There were 3 replicates for each treatment with 16 quails in each replicate, i.e. 4 males and 12 females in a completely randomized design. Both feed and water were provided ad-libitum each day. Eggs were collected two times daily (7am and 5pm). A total of 36 quail eggs were randomly selected and used for egg quality analysis, another batch of 480 eggs (40 eggs from each replicate) were incubated for 17 days, the hatched eggs were sorted out from unhatched eggs to determine fertility, hatchability and dead in shell. Unhatched eggs were then broken to check eggs that were unable to pip successfully. Data collected were organized in Excel and then analyzed using General Linear Model as described by Minitab (version 18.1). The means were separated using Tukey’s pairwise comparison with probability value set at 5%. There were no significant (p>0.05) differences for fertility, hatchability, and dead in shell and there were no sig-nificant (p>0.05) differences in egg quality parameters studied except for yolk colour: as the MOLM levels increased, the yellow yolk colour became deeper. Moringa oleifera leaf meal can be added to Japanese quail diets up to 15% as partial replacement for soybean meal with no adverse effects on egg quality, fertility and hatchability of quail eggs