Genetic Algorithm Based Control System Design of a Self-Excited Induction Generator

This paper presents an application of the genetic algorithm (GA) for optimizing controller gains of the Self-Excited Induction Generator (SEIG) driven by the Wind Energy Conversion Scheme (WECS). The proposed genetic algorithm is introduced to adapt the integral gains of the conventional controllers of the active and reactive control loop of the system under study, where GA calculates the optimum value for the gains of the variables based on the best dynamic performance and a domain search of the integral gains. The proposed genetic algorithm is used to regulate the terminal voltage or reactive power control, by adjusting the self excitation, and to control the mechanical input power or active power control by adapting the blade angle of WECS, in order to adjust the stator frequency. The GA is used for optimizing these gains, for an active and reactive power loop, by solving the related optimization problem. The simulation results show a better dynamic performance using the GA than using the conventional PI controller for active and reactive control

Comparative Analysis of MFO, GWO and GSO for Classification of Covid-19 Chest X-Ray Images

تلعب الصور الطبية دورًا حاسمًا في تصنيف الأمراض والحالات المختلفة. إحدى طرق التصوير هي الأشعة السينية التي توفر معلومات بصرية قيمة تساعد في تحديد وتوصيف مختلف الحالات الطبية. لطالما استخدمت الصور الشعاعية للصدر (CXR) لفحص ومراقبة العديد من اضطرابات الرئة، مثل السل والالتهاب الرئوي وانخماص الرئة والفتق. يمكن الكشف عن COVID-19 باستخدام صور CXR أيضًا. تم اكتشاف COVID-19، وهو فيروس يسبب التهابات في الرئتين والممرات الهوائية في الجهاز التنفسي العلوي، لأول مرة في عام 2019 في مقاطعة ووهان بالصين، ومنذ ذلك الحين يُعتقد أنه يتسبب في تلف كبير في مجرى الهواء، مما يؤثر بشدة على رئة الأشخاص المصابين. انتشر الفيروس بسرعة في جميع أنحاء العالم، وتم تسجيل الكثير من الوفيات والحالات المتزايدة بشكل يومي. يمكن استخدام CXR لمراقبة آثار COVID-19 على أنسجة الرئة. تبحث هذه الدراسة في تحليل مقارنة لأقرب جيران k (KNN)، و Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGboost)، و Support-Vector Machine (SVM)، وهي بعض مناهج التصنيف لاختيار الميزات في هذا المجال باستخدام خوارزمية Moth-Flame Optimization (MFO)، وخوارزمية Gray Wolf Optimizer (GWO)، وخوارزمية Glowworm Swarm Optimization (GSO). في هذه الدراسة، استخدم الباحثون مجموعة بيانات تتكون من مجموعتين على النحو التالي: 9544 صورة بالأشعة السينية ثنائية الأبعاد، والتي تم تصنيفها إلى مجموعتين باستخدام اختبارات التحقق من صحتها: 5500 صورة لرئتين سليمتين و4044 صورة للرئتين مع COVID-19. تتضمن المجموعة الثانية 800 صورة و400 صورة لرئتين سليمتين و400 رئة مصابة بـ COVID-19. تم تغيير حجم كل صورة إلى 200 × 200 بكسل. كانت الدقة والاستدعاء ودرجة F1 من بين معايير التقييم الكمي المستخدمة في هذه الدراسة.Medical images play a crucial role in the classification of various diseases and conditions. One of the imaging modalities is X-rays which provide valuable visual information that helps in the identification and characterization of various medical conditions. Chest radiograph (CXR) images have long been used to examine and monitor numerous lung disorders, such as tuberculosis, pneumonia, atelectasis, and hernia. COVID-19 detection can be accomplished using CXR images as well. COVID-19, a virus that causes infections in the lungs and the airways of the upper respiratory tract, was first discovered in 2019 in Wuhan Province, China, and has since been thought to cause substantial airway damage, badly impacting the lungs of affected persons. The virus was swiftly gone viral around the world and a lot of fatalities and cases growing were recorded on a daily basis. CXR can be used to monitor the effects of COVID-19 on lung tissue. This study examines a comparison analysis of k-nearest neighbors (KNN), Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGboost), and Support-Vector Machine (SVM) are some classification approaches for feature selection in this domain using The Moth-Flame Optimization algorithm (MFO), The Grey Wolf Optimizer algorithm (GWO), and The Glowworm Swarm Optimization algorithm (GSO). For this study, researchers employed a data set consisting of two sets as follows: 9,544 2D X-ray images, which were classified into two sets utilizing validated tests: 5,500 images of healthy lungs and 4,044 images of lungs with COVID-19. The second set includes 800 images, 400 of healthy lungs and 400 of lungs affected with COVID-19. Each image has been resized to 200x200 pixels. Precision, recall, and the F1-score were among the quantitative evaluation criteria used in this study

Power System Stabilizer Driven by an Adaptive Fuzzy Set for Better Dynamic Performance

This paper presents a novel application of a fuzzy logic controller (FLC) driven by an adaptive fuzzy set (AFS) for a power system stabilizer (PSS).The proposed FLC, driven by AFS, is compared with a classical FLC, driven by a fixed fuzzy set (FFS). Both FLC algorithms use the speed error and its rate of change as input vectors. A single generator equipped with FLC-PSS and connected to an infinite bus bar through double transmission lines is considered. Both FLCs, using AFS and FFS, are simulated and tested when the system is subjected to different step changes in the reference value. The simulation results of the proposed FLC, using the adaptive fuzzy set, give a better dynamic response of the overall system by improving the damping coefficient and decreasing the rise time and settling time compared with classical FLC using FFS. The proposed FLC using AFS also reduces the computational time of the FLC as the number of rules is reduced.

Strukturna svojstva i UV – NIR apsorpcijski spektri bezmetalnih tankih slojeva ftalocijanina

The structural properties and absorption spectra of H2Pc thin films have been studied. The films used in these studies were thermally evaporated on glass/quartz substrates with thickness ranging from 60 to 460 nm. The XRD studies of H2Pc thin films showed that the as-deposited films have α-form with monoclinic system. The mean crystallite size (L), the dislocation density (δ) and the strain (ξ) were evaluated. The molecular structure of H2Pc thin films is confirmed by analysis of (FTIR) spectra. The surface morphology of H2Pc thin films was examined by scanning electron microscope. The absorption spectra of H2Pc recorded in the UV – VIS – IR region for the as-deposited and the annealed thin films of different thickness have been analyzed. The spectra showed two absorption bands namely the Q-band and the Soret (B)-band. The Q-band shows its characteristic splitting (Davydove splitting) with ∆Q = 0.21 eV. Values of some important optical parameters, namely optical absorption coefficient (α ′ ), molar extinction coefficient (εmolar), half-band-width (∆λ), electronic dipole strength (q 2 ) and oscillator strength (f) were calculated. The fundamental and the onset of the indirect energy gaps were also determined as 2.47 and 1.4 eV, respectively.Proučavali smo strukturna svojstva i apsorpcijske spektre tankih slojeva H2Pc. Te tanke slojeve, debljine 60 do 460 nm, naparavali smo na staklene i kremene ploče. Proučavanje rendgenograma je pokazalo da su neobrađeni tanki slojevi monokliničke α-strukture. Odredili smo srednju veličinu kristalita (L), gustoću dislokacija (δ) i naprezanje (ξ). Potvrdili smo molekulsku strukturu tankih slojeva H2Pc analizama FTIR spektara. Površine slojeva ispitivali smo pretražnim elektronskim mikroskopom. Analizirali smo apsorpcijske spektre neobrađenih i opuštenih tankih slojeva različite debljine u UV – VIS – IR području. Ti spektri pokazuju dvije apsorpcijske vrpce, Q-vrpcu i Soretovu B-vrpcu. Q-vrpca pokazuje svoju značajku (Davydovog) cijepanja sa ∆Q = 0.21 eV. Izveli smo vrijednosti važnih optičkih parametara: optičkog apsorpcijskog koeficijenta (α ′ ), molarnog koeficijenta gašenja (εmolar), poluširine pojasa (∆λ), elektronskih dipolnih jakosti (q 2 ) i oscilatornih jakosti (f). Odredili smo osnovne energijske procijepe i početke neizravnih energijskih procijepa od 2.47 odnosno 1.4 eV

Strukturna svojstva i UV – NIR apsorpcijski spektri bezmetalnih tankih slojeva ftalocijanina

The structural properties and absorption spectra of H2Pc thin films have been studied. The films used in these studies were thermally evaporated on glass/quartz substrates with thickness ranging from 60 to 460 nm. The XRD studies of H2Pc thin films showed that the as-deposited films have α-form with monoclinic system. The mean crystallite size (L), the dislocation density (δ) and the strain (ξ) were evaluated. The molecular structure of H2Pc thin films is confirmed by analysis of (FTIR) spectra. The surface morphology of H2Pc thin films was examined by scanning electron microscope. The absorption spectra of H2Pc recorded in the UV – VIS – IR region for the as-deposited and the annealed thin films of different thickness have been analyzed. The spectra showed two absorption bands namely the Q-band and the Soret (B)-band. The Q-band shows its characteristic splitting (Davydove splitting) with ∆Q = 0.21 eV. Values of some important optical parameters, namely optical absorption coefficient (α ′ ), molar extinction coefficient (εmolar), half-band-width (∆λ), electronic dipole strength (q 2 ) and oscillator strength (f) were calculated. The fundamental and the onset of the indirect energy gaps were also determined as 2.47 and 1.4 eV, respectively.Proučavali smo strukturna svojstva i apsorpcijske spektre tankih slojeva H2Pc. Te tanke slojeve, debljine 60 do 460 nm, naparavali smo na staklene i kremene ploče. Proučavanje rendgenograma je pokazalo da su neobrađeni tanki slojevi monokliničke α-strukture. Odredili smo srednju veličinu kristalita (L), gustoću dislokacija (δ) i naprezanje (ξ). Potvrdili smo molekulsku strukturu tankih slojeva H2Pc analizama FTIR spektara. Površine slojeva ispitivali smo pretražnim elektronskim mikroskopom. Analizirali smo apsorpcijske spektre neobrađenih i opuštenih tankih slojeva različite debljine u UV – VIS – IR području. Ti spektri pokazuju dvije apsorpcijske vrpce, Q-vrpcu i Soretovu B-vrpcu. Q-vrpca pokazuje svoju značajku (Davydovog) cijepanja sa ∆Q = 0.21 eV. Izveli smo vrijednosti važnih optičkih parametara: optičkog apsorpcijskog koeficijenta (α ′ ), molarnog koeficijenta gašenja (εmolar), poluširine pojasa (∆λ), elektronskih dipolnih jakosti (q 2 ) i oscilatornih jakosti (f). Odredili smo osnovne energijske procijepe i početke neizravnih energijskih procijepa od 2.47 odnosno 1.4 eV

Egyptian Propolis Alleviates Gentamicin-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Rats

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of oral administration of ethanol extract of propolis against gentamicin induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Oral administration of ethanol extract of propolis (EEP) at doses 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg.b.wt. orally/daily for 7 days) against gentamicin- (GM) at dose 100 mg/kg b.wt., i.p./daily for 7days) induced nephrotoxicity in six equal groups of adult male Sprague-Dawley rats. Blood was collected 24 h after the last injection for determination of serum creatinine, urea, and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity. Rats were euthanized and kidney tissue specimens were collected for determination of oxidative/antioxidative biomarkers, gene expression for antioxidative enzymes and DNA fragmentation. Significant increase in serum creatinine, urea and AST activity at the same time, and a depletion of aspartate aminotransferase activity was recorded in renal homogenate of GM only–treated rats compared to control group. Lipid peroxidation in renal tissue showed significant elevation in GM-only treated group, however, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase and its gene expression were markedly decreased. DNA fragmentation was significantly increased in renal tissue of GM- only treated rats. Oral administration of EEP exhibited curative effects by reversing GM-induced alterations in serum biochemical and renal tissue oxidative stress biomarkers. In conclusion, propolis is effective in preventing or ameliorating oxidative stress of gentamicin

RESPONSE OF SOME MAIZE VARIETIES (Zea mays L.) TO BORON FOLIAR APPLICATION UNDER SIWA OASIS CONDITIONS

Two field experiments were conducted in two successive seasons; 2017 and 2018 at Bahi ElDin, Siwa Oasis, Egypt, to study the effect of four boron levels (0, 23, 46 and 69 ppm) as foliar application on yield and its components of five maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids (Single Crosses 124, 168, Three Way Crosses 310, 324 and 352). The experimental design was perpendicular strips plot with three replicates. Results indicated that effect of boron and hybrids on plant height, no. of grains/row, ear length, no. of rows/ear, ear diameter, 100-grain weight, grain, ear and stover yields (kg fed-1) were significant. Maize hybrid S.C. 124 produced the highest values of 100-grain wt., grain and ear yields per fed. Maximum no. of grains/row, ear length and stover yield fed-1 were recorded by TWC 324 hybrid. While, TWC 352 hybrid surpassed in no. of rows/ear and ear diameter. Foliar application by 69 ppm boron significantly produced more grains per row and ear, 100-grain wt. and grain yield/fed. Interactions were significant for all studied traits, except no. of grains/row and ear diameter. Thus, it could be concluded that applying 69 ppm boron as foliar for S.C.124 hybrid could be used successfully for improving maize productivity under Siwa Oasis conditions

2. Minimally invasive mitral valve surgery why do you take the risks?

During recent years, minimally invasive mitral valve surgery (MIMVS) become the preferred method of mitral valve repair and replacement in many institutions worldwide with excellent results, in spite of there is no clear difinition of minimally invasive surgery and we do not have efficient studies about the risks of MIMVS comparing to conventional mitral valve surgery. Many studies are needed to clarify the need for either conventional or minimally invasive mitral valve surgery instead of personal preference. The patient’s demographic profile, intraoperative data and postoperative outcomes of patients undergoing minimally invasive mitral valve surgery were retrospectively collected from our database from May 2011 to April 2014. We will present early and mid-term outcomes of patients undergoing minimally invasive mitral valve surgery in our institution. Seventy consecutive patients (45 male and 25 female), age 35±12 years, underwent MIMVS surgery. Mean preoperative New York Heart Association function class was 2.6±0.7. Mean ejection fraction was 50±8. Cardiopulmonary bypass was instituted through femoral cannulation (28 of 70, 40%), or direct aortic cannulation (42 of 70, 25%). Aortic cross-clamp used in (66 of 70, 94.2%). Without aortic cross-clamp in (4 of 70, 5.7%), mitral valve repair has been done in (52 of 70, 74.2%), mitral valve replacement (18 of 70, 25.7%). Concomitant procedures included AF ablation (24 of 70, 34.2%), and tricuspid valve repair (33 of 70, 47.1%). No mortality recorded, residual mitral regurge was found in (6 of 70, 8.5%) during 1 year follow up. Cardiopulmonary bypass, and “skin to skin” surgery were 95±35 and 250±74min, respectively. 4 patients (5.7%) underwent reexploration for bleeding and (57 of 70, 81.4%) did not receive any blood transfusions. Six patients (8.5%) sustained face oedema. Mean length of hospital stay was 7±3.8days. 18 patients (25.7%) did not feel any interest regarding cosmotic advantage over conventional surgery. Minimally invasive mitral valve surgery is an excellent alternative to conventional mitral valve surgery in most cases however comparing to conventional mitral surgery it shows long bypass time, long cross clamp time, difficult reexploration for bleeding and multiple body incisions

Chemical properties of 11 date cultivars and their corresponding fiber extracts

Date palm fruit from 11 Tunisian cultivars (Phoenix dactylifera L.) were analyzed for their main chemical composition. Results showed that date fruits were rich in sugar (79.93 - 88.02 g/100 g dry matter), fiber(8.09 - 20.25 g/100 g dry matter) and ash (1.73 - 2.59 g/100 g dry matter). Mineral fraction was dominated by potassium and sugar fraction was dominated by reducing sugar (glucose, fructose) except for Deglet Nour, Kentichi and Bajo which are rich in sucrose. Date fiber concentrates (DFC) were extracted and analyzed for their proximate content (moisture, fiber, protein, lipid and ash) and some functional properties such as water holding capacity (WHC) and oil holding capacity (OHC). DFC presented high dietary fiber content (90.71 - 93.92 g/100g dry matter). Protein and lipid contents (dry matter basis) ranged between 3.66 and 6.06 g/100 g and between 0.35 and 1.08 g/100 g, respectively. DFC presentedhigh WHC (6.20 g water/g dry fiber) and high OHC (1.80 g oil/g dry fiber). Results showed that dates could be a valuable source of highly techno-functional fibers that could be used in food formulations

Effet du chrome niacinate sur la tolérance au glucose chez le rat wistar

Le chrome est un oligoélément essentiel à l’homéostasie du métabolisme glucidique qui pourrait également être impliqué dans l’étiologie de l’athérosclérose. Trois lots de rats Wistar males (n= 30, âgé de 2 mois) traités quotidiennement et pendant 28 jours. Les Contrôles ont reçu du sérum physiologique (1µL/g/j, ip), groupe II a reçu la dexaméthasone (DEX : 0,2 mg/kg/j, ip) et les rats du groupe III ont reçu le même régime que le groupe II avec une supplémentation en CrN à partir du 7 ème jour de l’expérimentation (CrN : 30 mg/kg/j, PO). A la fin de l’expérimentation, les rats sont sacrifiés et les paramètres biochimiques sont dosés. Les résultats montrent une augmentation du poids corporel des rats témoins par apport aux groupes traités par la DEX. La supplémentation en CrN n’a pas corrigé l’élévation de la glycémie et de l’insulinémie engendré par la DEX, de même l’ajout du CrN n’influe pas sur la variation des taux de la triglycéridémie et de la cholestérolémie entrainés par la DEX. Il est notamment observé que l’addition du CrN n’a pas d’effet notable sur la fonction hépatique et la fonction rénale.Mots-clés : chrome, diabète, glycémie, dexaméthasone.Effect of chromium niacinate on glucose tolerance at wistar rat Chromium is an essential trace element in the homeostasis of glucose metabolism could also be involved in the etiology of atherosclerosis. Three groups of male Wistar rats (n= 30, age 2 months) treated daily for 28 days. Controls received saline (1µl/g/day, ip), group II received dexamethasone (DEX: 0, 2 mg/kg/day, ip) and the rats of group III received the same treatment as the group II with supplementation CrN from the 7 day of the experiment (CrN: 30 mg/kg/day, PO). At the end of the experiment, the rats were sacrificed and biochemical parameters were measured. The results show an increase in the body weight of control rats contribution to the DEX treated groups. CrN supplementation did not correct the elevation of blood glucose and insulin caused by DEX. The addition of CrN does not affect the rate of change in triglycerides and cholesterol trained by DEX. It is particularly noted that the addition of CrN has no significant effect on liver and kidney functions.Keywords : chromium, diabetes, glucose, dexamethasone