Factors affecting the accuracy of ultrasonographical fetal weight estimation in twin pregnancies

Objective. To determine the factors affecting the accuracy of ultrasonographic weight estimation in twins

Hyperreactio luteinalis with preeclampsia

Hyperreactio luteinalis (HL) is a condition associated with bilateral and, in rare cases, unilateral ovarian enlargement due to theca lutein cysts. HL is a benign condition, usually found incidentally at cesarean section, which can appear anaplastic and lead to unnecessary ovarian resection. A 24-year-old woman with 35 weeks of gestation attended with bilaterally enlarged ovaries. She had preeclampsia and preterm contractions. Due to breech presentation of baby and nulliparity and possible severe preeclampsia, she delivered by cesarean section. The ovaries had an anaplastic appearance and a biopsy was taken during cesarean section. Pathology revealed multiple benign theca lutein cysts. There are 51 reported cases of HL associated with a normal pregnancy in the literature. It is estimated that approximately 60% of the cases of HL is not associated with trophoblastic disease and occurs with normal singleton pregnancy. Only three of them were found to be associated with preeclampsia and this is the fourth case. HL may help explain the underlying cause of preeclampsia in these cases. There are multiple benign ovarian lesions in HL, which can mimic ovarian neoplasms. Accordingly, it is important to exclude these from the differential diagnosis via a wedge biopsy and frozen section to avoid unnecessary surgical excision

Craniorachischisis With A Variant Of Pentalogy Of Cantrell, With Lung Extrophy

A case of cranioraschischisis including incomplete pentalogy of Cantrell (PC) is described. The female fetus had a large omphalocele with evisceration of the heart, left lung, liver, stomach, and intestines accompanying anencephaly, cervical, thoracal lumbar, spina bifida. The fetus had ectopia cordis and diaphragmatic agenesia with an intact sternum. We present a case of a neonate with the stigmata for PC with the exception of a sternal defect. A literature review is also included. Sonographers should check for ventral and dorsal anomalies with PC because they may occur simultaneously

Cabergoline versus bromocriptine for symptomatic treatment of premenstrual mastalgia: a randomised, open-label study

Objective: To compare the effectiveness and side effects of cabergoline with bromocriptine for the symptomatic treatment of cyclic mastalgia as a part of the premenstrual syndrome

PAPP-A levels of late pregnancy in preeclampsia and HELLP syndrome

Purpose To determine the relationship between pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) levels and preeclampsia and HELLP syndrome at last trimester and to investigate if the severity of preeclampsia would be associated with PAPP-A levels

PAPP-A concentrations change in patients with gestational diabetes

Our aim was to assess the relationship between gestational diabetes and glucose intolerance regarding maternal serum PAPP-A and free β‐hCG concentrations in first trimester pregnancies. This study was conducted on 278 women between 18–45 years old with singleton pregnancies. The subjects were divided into four groups, according to their 50 and 100 g OGTT results. Group 1 was the Control Group, Group 2 with positive 50 g OGTT results, but negative 100 g, Group 3 had gestational diabetes after testing with 50 g OGTT (≥180 mg/dl) or with 100 g OGTT. Finally Group 4 was made of women with a one single high glucose level after testing with 100 g OGTT. These groups were analysed in terms of OGTT results. In the GDM group, serum PAPP-A concentrations were significantly lower when compared with the Control Group’s (p = 0.015). There was either no significant differences regarding free β‐hCG concentrations among the groups. GDM rate is 21.1%, the patients with GDM had significantly low concentrations of serum PAPP-A but their f β‐hCG concentrations did not change. Our results are supported by several studies. However, we need greater numbered studies for exact results.IMPACT STATEMENT What is already known on this subject? Pregnancy associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A) is produced by the placenta in pregnancy. PAPP-A cleaves insulin-like growth factor (IGF) binding proteins. It would appear to have a role in regulating IGF bioavailability in pregnancy. This is important as the IGF axis plays a critical role in fetal growth, and placental growth and function during pregnancy. Some studies have reported that PAPP-A levels were impaired among women who subsequently developed GDM. What do the results of this study add? The patients with GDM had significantly low concentrations of serum PAPP-A but their free β-hCG levels did not change. What are the implications of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? By looking at PAPP-A concentrations, we can predict patients that will be gestational diabetic and take precautions to protect the babies health, such as their diet or exercise

Late pregnancy associated plasma protein A levels decrease in preterm labor

Methods. aEuro integral Prospective cohort study of singleton gestations, 23--37 weeks, and symptoms of preterm labor. Primary end point was delivery aEuroS < aEuroS37 weeks. Predictive PAPP-A values were calculated both for preterm delivery and threatened preterm delivery on receiver operator curve

Remission of Endometriosis by Hyperbaric Oxygen Treatment in Rats

We designed this prospective, randomized controlled animal study to determine the effects of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) on experimentally induced endometriosis in a rat model. Surgical induction of endometriosis was performed in 40, nonpregnant, female, Wistar-Albino rats at the Experimental Medicine Research Center of Istanbul University (DETAE). Four weeks later, the first and second laparotomies for volume measurement and peritoneal fluid (PF) collection were performed, and the rats were divided randomly into the study and control groups. The study group was exposed to HBO treatment for 6 weeks. Then, a third laparotomy was performed on all of the rats. The volume, histopathologic scores, Ki-67 labeling of the endometriotic implants, and the levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in the PF were measured. The mean volume of the endometriotic implants in the study group was significantly lower than that of the control group at the end of the study (57.4 +/- 12.5 vs 94.6 +/- 17.2 mm(3)). The mean histopathological scores (1.60 +/- 0.50 vs 2.42 +/- 0.51), Ki-67 immunohistochemical scores (1.50 +/- 0.51 vs 2.37 +/- 0.49) of the endometriotic implants, and the TNF-alpha levels (5.33 +/- 1.02 vs 8.16 +/- 1.76 pg/mL) were significantly lower in the study group than in the control group. Hyperbaric oxygen treatment for 2 hours a day for 6 weeks resulted in significant remission of endometriosis in rats

Hyperreactio luteinalis with preeclampsia

Hyperreactio luteinalis (HL) is a condition associated with bilateral and, in rare cases, unilateral ovarian enlargement due to theca lutein cysts. HL is a benign condition, usually found incidentally at cesarean section, which can appear anaplastic and lead to unnecessary ovarian resection. A 24-year-old woman with 35 weeks of gestation attended with bilaterally enlarged ovaries. She had preeclampsia and preterm contractions. Due to breech presentation of baby and nulliparity and possible severe preeclampsia, she delivered by cesarean section. The ovaries had an anaplastic appearance and a biopsy was taken during cesarean section. Pathology revealed multiple benign theca lutein cysts. There are 51 reported cases of HL associated with a normal pregnancy in the literature. It is estimated that approximately 60% of the cases of HL is not associated with trophoblastic disease and occurs with normal singleton pregnancy. Only three of them were found to be associated with preeclampsia and this is the fourth case. HL may help explain the underlying cause of preeclampsia in these cases. There are multiple benign ovarian lesions in HL, which can mimic ovarian neoplasms. Accordingly, it is important to exclude these from the differential diagnosis via a wedge biopsy and frozen section to avoid unnecessary surgical excision