A terapia de integração sensorial como facilitadora do desenvolvimento da inteligência emocional em crianças com perturbação do espectro autista e o papel das TIC

Sensory Integration Therapy (SIT) is a widely known and used intervention by a lot of professionals and practitioners in the field of special education as being an enabler of functionality of the child. Through intervention, the sensory processing components that have been affected are targeted. Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that is highly affected by sensory modulation disorder (SMD), a special subcategory of sensory processing disorder (SPD) that is expressed in various ways causing activation of Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) leading to biological and physiological stress. Emotional Intelligence (EI) is a complex set of skills that drive us to higher mental states. According to theorists the basis of these skills is the ability to manage and regulate stimulus. The purpose of this literature review is to investigate the connections between SIT and EI in children with ASD. In the introduction basic definitions and concepts of ASD and SIT are analyzed and in the main part correlations between EI and SMD are made, discussing the effectiveness of SIT in ASD children.La Terapia de Integración Sensorial (SIT, por sus siglas en inglés) es una intervención ampliamente conocida utilizada por muchos profesionales y practicantes en el campo de la educación especial como facilitadora del funcionamiento infantil. A través de la intervención, los componentes del procesamiento sensorial que se han visto afectados son objeto de intervención. El Trastorno del Espectro Autista (TEA) es un trastorno del neurodesarrollo que se ve muy afectado por el Trastorno de Modulación Sensorial (SMD), una subcategoría especial del Trastorno del Procesamiento Sensorial (SPD) que se expresa de varias maneras, desencadenando la activación del Sistema Nervioso Autonómico (SNA) , lo que conduce a estrés biológico y fisiológico. La Inteligencia Emocional (IE) es un conjunto complejo de habilidades que nos llevan a estados mentales superiores. Según los teóricos, la base de estas habilidades es la capacidad de gestionar y regular los estímulos. El objetivo de esta revisión de la literatura es investigar los vínculos entre SIT y EI en niños con TEA. En la introducción se analizan las definiciones y conceptos básicos de TEA y SIT y, en su mayor parte, se realizan correlaciones entre IE y SMD, discutiendo la efectividad de SIT en niños con TEA.A Terapia de Integração Sensorial (SIT) é uma intervenção amplamente conhecida e utilizada por muitos profissionais e praticantes no domínio da educação especial como facilitadora da funcionalidade da criança. Através da intervenção, os componentes do processamento sensorial que foram afetados são alvo de intervenção. A Perturbação do Espectro do Autismo (PEA) é uma perturbação do neurodesenvolvimento muito afetada pela perturbação da modulação sensorial (SMD), uma subcategoria especial da perturbação do processamento sensorial (SPD) que se exprime de várias formas, provocando a ativação do Sistema Nervoso Autónomo (SNA), o que leva a um stress biológico e fisiológico. A Inteligência Emocional (IE) é um conjunto complexo de competências que nos conduzem a estados mentais mais elevados. De acordo com os teóricos, a base destas competências é a capacidade de gerir e regular os estímulos. O objetivo desta revisão da literatura é investigar as ligações entre os SIT e a IE em crianças com PEA. Na introdução, são analisadas as definições e os conceitos básicos de PEA e de SIT e, na parte principal, são feitas correlações entre a IE e o SMD, discutindo-se a eficácia do SIT em crianças com PEA

Tecnologia assistiva para crianças com transtorno do espectro autista que vivenciam estresse e ansiedade

With the development of current technology and influences that have been made by the Industry 4.0 utilizing ICTs, IoT, smart systems and products and many others, Assistive Technology (AT) is an important and integral part of the daily life of many people who experience disabilities. Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a special category of disorder that can greatly benefit from its use. The purpose of this research is to collect data of Assistive Technology aimed at the detection, prevention and improvement of anxiety and stress (a characteristic of which has been proven to exist and is expressed in various ways in people with ASD). In the introduction, basic definitions regarding the neurobiology of stress and ASD are analyzed. In the main part AT, stress and anxiety correlations are made with ASD and AT devices are described and documented regarding their use for anxiety and stress in children and adolescents with ASD. The Assistive equipment and devices are divided into 2 main categories, 1) Low-tech and 2) Mid-High tech. The results of the research reveal a significant research gap in the use of AT to combat stress and anxiety and the difficulty of many promising options (especially in the domain of Mid-High tech) to be an easy and economical solution in integrating them into the daily life of people with ASD.Con el desarrollo de la tecnología actual y las influencias que ha tenido la Industria 4.0 utilizando TIC, IoT, sistemas y productos inteligentes y muchos otros, la Tecnología de asistencia (TA) es una parte importante e integral de la vida diaria de muchas personas que sufren de discapacidad. . . El trastorno del espectro autista (TEA) es una categoría especial de trastorno que puede beneficiarse enormemente de su uso. El objetivo de esta investigación es recopilar datos de Tecnología Asistiva dirigidos a detectar, prevenir y mejorar la ansiedad y el estrés (una característica que está comprobada y se expresa de diferentes formas en las personas con TEA). En la introducción se analizan definiciones básicas sobre la neurobiología del estrés y el TEA. En su mayor parte se realizan correlaciones de TA, estrés y ansiedad con los TEA y se describen y documentan los dispositivos de TA en relación a su uso para la ansiedad y el estrés en niños y adolescentes con TEA. Los equipos y dispositivos de asistencia se dividen en 2 categorías principales, 1) Tecnología baja y 2) Tecnología media-alta. Los resultados de la encuesta revelan una importante brecha de investigación en el uso de TA para combatir el estrés y la ansiedad y la dificultad de que muchas opciones prometedoras (especialmente en el dominio tecnológico medio-alto) sean una solución fácil y rentable para integrarlas en la vida cotidiana. de personas con TEA.Com o desenvolvimento da tecnologia atual e as influências que foram feitas pela Indústria 4.0 utilizando TICs, IoT, sistemas e produtos inteligentes e muitos outros, a Tecnologia Assistiva (TA) é uma parte importante e integrante da vida diária de muitas pessoas que sofrem de deficiência. O Transtorno do Espectro do Autismo (TEA) é uma categoria especial de transtorno que pode se beneficiar muito com seu uso. O objetivo desta pesquisa é coletar dados de Tecnologia Assistiva voltados para a detecção, prevenção e melhora da ansiedade e do estresse (característica que comprovadamente existe e se expressa de diversas formas em pessoas com TEA). Na introdução, são analisadas definições básicas sobre a neurobiologia do estresse e do TEA. Na parte principal, são feitas correlações de TA, estresse e ansiedade com ASD e dispositivos de TA são descritos e documentados em relação ao seu uso para ansiedade e estresse em crianças e adolescentes com TEA. Os equipamentos e dispositivos assistivos são divididos em 2 categorias principais, 1) Low-tech e 2) Mid-High tech. Os resultados da pesquisa revelam uma lacuna significativa de pesquisa no uso de TA para combater o estresse e a ansiedade e a dificuldade de muitas opções promissoras (especialmente no domínio da tecnologia média-alta) serem uma solução fácil e econômica em integrá-las ao cotidiano de pessoas com TEA

A dieta mediterrânea, fatores de estilo de vida, dislexia, TDAH em estudantes universitários da Grécia

This study examines the association between diet and other lifestyle factors of students with dyslexia and ADHD and compare it to students without learning disabilities. The study involved 210 students from Greek universities, aged 18-30 years old (ADHD n = 34; Dyslexia n=27, Students without learning disabilities n = 149). Students completed a specifically created questionnaire online, to examine their demographic traits, adherence to the Mediterranean Diet, sleep quality, perceived stress, and life satisfaction. Significant variations were identified in the responses when it came to life satisfaction, with students with ADHD reporting lower levels (p = 0.005). Students in the lower tertile of Mediterranean Diet (OR: 1.52; 95% CI: 1.1-2.0 p = 0.005) were more likely to have learning disabilities than the higher tertile where the odds were 35% lower (OR: 0.65; 95% CI: 0.49-0.87, p = 0.005). The probability that students will have learning disabilities increases with poorer adherence to the Mediterranean Diet. It is necessary to conduct further research on how students with learning disabilities behave when it comes to their nutrition and other health-related activities.Este estudio examina la asociación entre la dieta y otros factores del estilo de vida en estudiantes con dislexia y TDAH, y lo compara con estudiantes sin problemas de aprendizaje. El estudio involucró a 210 estudiantes de universidades griegas, con edades entre 18 y 30 años (TDAH n = 34; Dislexia n = 27, Estudiantes sin dificultades de aprendizaje n = 149). Los estudiantes completaron un cuestionario en línea diseñado específicamente para examinar sus características demográficas, la adherencia a la dieta mediterránea, la calidad del sueño, el estrés percibido y la satisfacción con la vida. Se identificaron variaciones significativas en las respuestas con respecto a la satisfacción con la vida, y los estudiantes con TDAH informaron niveles más bajos (p = 0,005). Los estudiantes del tercil más bajo de la Dieta Mediterránea (OR: 1,52; IC 95 %: 1,1-2,0 p = 0,005) tenían más probabilidades de tener dificultades de aprendizaje que los del tercil más alto, donde las probabilidades eran un 35 % más bajas (OR: 0,65; 95 % IC: 0,49-0,87, p = 0,005). La probabilidad de que los alumnos tengan dificultades de aprendizaje aumenta con una menor adherencia a la Dieta Mediterránea. Es necesario realizar más investigaciones sobre cómo se comportan los estudiantes con discapacidades de aprendizaje en lo que respecta a su alimentación y otras actividades relacionadas con la salud.Este estudo examina a associação entre dieta e outros fatores de estilo de vida de alunos com dislexia e TDAH, e compara com alunos sem dificuldades de aprendizagem. O estudo envolveu 210 alunos de universidades gregas, com idades entre 18-30 anos (TDAH n = 34; Dislexia n = 27, Alunos sem dificuldades de aprendizagem n = 149). Os alunos preencheram um questionário on-line criado especificamente para examinar suas características demográficas, adesão à dieta mediterrânea, qualidade do sono, estresse percebido e satisfação com a vida. Variações significativas foram identificadas nas respostas quanto à satisfação com a vida, com alunos com TDAH relatando níveis mais baixos (p = 0,005). Alunos no tercil inferior da Dieta Mediterrânea (OR: 1,52; 95% CI: 1,1-2,0 p = 0,005) eram mais propensos a ter dificuldades de aprendizagem do que o tercil superior, onde as chances eram 35% menores (OR: 0,65; 95% CI: 0,49-0,87, p = 0,005). A probabilidade de os alunos terem dificuldades de aprendizagem aumenta com a menor adesão à Dieta Mediterrânica. É necessário realizar mais pesquisas sobre como os alunos com dificuldades de aprendizagem se comportam quando se trata de sua alimentação e outras atividades relacionadas à saúde

Current and Potential Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Metabolic Bariatric Surgery

Artificial intelligence (AI) is an umbrella term, which refers to different methods that simulate the process of human learning. As is the case with medicine in general, the field of bariatric metabolic surgery has lately been overwhelmed by evidence relevant to the applications of AI in numerous aspects of its clinical practice, including prediction of complications, effectiveness for weight loss and remission of associated medical problems, improvement of quality of life, intraoperative features, and cost-effectiveness. Current studies are highly heterogeneous regarding their datasets, as well as their metrics and benchmarking, which has a direct impact on the quality of research. For the non-familiar clinician, AI should be deemed as a novel statistical tool, which, in contradistinction to traditional statistics, draws their source data from real-world databases and registries rather than idealized cohorts of patients and is capable of managing vast amounts of data. This way, AI is supposed to support decision-making rather than substitute critical thinking or surgical skill development. As with any novelty, the clinical usefulness of AI remains to be proven and validated against established methods

Income inequality and the tax structure: Evidence from developed and developing countries

This paper seeks to examine the effect of income inequality on the structure of tax policies. We first use a simplified theoretical framework which allows us to formalize the testable implications of the relevant literature. Subsequently, our analysis indicates that more unequal economies rely heavier on capital relative to labor income taxation. This relationship remains robust across various alternative measures of income inequality and most importantly through alternative political regimes. In addition, our analysis places the spotlight on the potential reverse causality between income inequality and structure of the tax policies and seeks to address it by making use of the most appropriate data and techniques

Income inequality and the tax structure: Evidence from developed and developing countries

This paper seeks to examine the effect of income inequality on the structure of tax policies. We first use a simplified theoretical framework which allows us to formalize the testable implications of the relevant literature. Subsequently, our analysis indicates that more unequal economies rely heavier on capital relative to labor income taxation. This relationship remains robust across various alternative measures of income inequality and most importantly through alternative political regimes. In addition, our analysis places the spotlight on the potential reverse causality between income inequality and structure of the tax policies and seeks to address it by making use of the most appropriate data and techniques

Sex differences in swimming disciplines—can women outperform men in swimming?

In recent years, the interest of female dominance in long-distance swimming has grown where several newspaper articles have been published speculating about female performance and dominance—especially in open-water ultra-distance swimming. The aim of this narrative review is to review the scientific literature regarding the difference between the sexes for all swimming strokes (i.e., butterfly, backstroke, breaststroke, freestyle and individual medley), di erent distances (i.e., from sprint to ultra-distances), extreme conditions (i.e., cold water), different ages and swimming integrated in multi-sports disciplines, such as triathlon, in various age groups and over calendar years. The influence of various physiological, psychological, anthropometrical and biomechanical aspects to potentially explain the female dominance was also discussed. The data bases Scopus and PUBMED were searched by April 2020 for the terms ’sex–difference–swimming’. Long-distance open-water swimmers and pool swimmers of different ages and performance levels were mainly investigated. In open-water long-distance swimming events of the ’Triple Crown of Open Water Swimming’ with the ’Catalina Channel Swim’, the ’English Channel Swim’ and the ’Manhattan Island Marathon Swim’, women were about 0.06 km/h faster than men. In master swimmers (i.e., age groups 25–29 to 90–94 years) competing in the FINA (Fédération Internationale de Natation) World Championships in pool swimming in freestyle, backstroke, butterfly, breaststroke, individual medley and in 3000-m open-water swimming, women master swimmers appeared able to achieve similar performances as men in the oldest age groups (i.e., older than 75–80 years). In boys and girls aged 5–18 years—and listed in the all-time top 100 U.S. freestyle swimming performances from 50 m to 1500 m—the five fastest girls were faster than the five fastest boys until the age of ~10 years. After the age of 10 years, and until the age of 17 years, however, boys were increasingly faster than girls. Therefore, women tended to decrease the existing sex differences in specific age groups (i.e., younger than 10 years and older than 75–80 years) and swimming strokes in pool-swimming or even to overperform men in long-distance open-water swimming (distance of ~30 km), especially under extreme weather conditions (water colder than ~20º C). Two main variables may explain why women can swim faster than men in open-water swimming events: (i) the long distance of around 30 km, (ii) and water colder than ~20 C. Future studies may investigate more detailed (e.g., anthropometry) the very young (75–80 years) age groups in swimming.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

An Analytical Prediction Model of Time Diversity Performance for Earth-Space Fade Mitigation

Time diversity (TD) has recently attracted attention as a promising and cost-efficient solution for high-frequency broadcast satellite applications. The present work proposes a general prediction model for the application of TD by approximating the time dynamics of rain attenuation through the use of the joint lognormal distribution. The proposed method is tested against experimental data and its performance is investigated with respect to the basic parameters of a satellite link