Effects of equilibration media and co-culture on vitrification of sheep blastocysts derived in vitro

İki vitrifikasyon protokolünün, koyun ovidukt epitel hücreleriyle ko-kültürlü (CC) ve ko- kültürsüz (C) ortamda in vitro üretilmiş olan koyun blastosistlerinin yaşayabilirliği üzerindeki etkileri araştırıldı. Oositler, TCM 199 medyumunda 24 saat süreyle olgunlaştırıldı, 20 saat fertilize edildi ve 9 gün süreyle sentetik ovidukt sıvısı (SOF) medyumunda kültüre edildi. Embriyolar ilk olarak, %20 etilen glikol (EG) veya % 10 gliserol (G) den oluşan iki farklı medyumda ekilibrasyona bırakıldılar. İkinci ekilibrasyon amacıyla % 20 etilen glikol + % 10 gliserol içinde ve 5 dakika süreyle tutuldular. Ardından, % 25 etilen glikol + % 25 gliserol’den oluşan vitrifikasyon solüsyonu içerisinde 30 saniye tutulan embriyolar, derhal sıvı azot içerisine batırılarak donduruldu. Çözdürme işleminin ardından embriyolar, 0.25 M sukroz içine 5 dakika bekletildi, Hepes tamponlu sentetik ovidukt sıvısı (HSOF) içinde yıkandı ve 24 saat süreyle SOF içerisinde in vitro kültüre bırakıldı. Yarıklanma oranları C grubunda %75.2, CC grubunda %74.2, blastosist oranları C'de %14.4, CC grubunda ise %17.1 oldu. Dondurulmuş-çözdürülmüş blastosistlerin in vitro kültüründen sonra canlılık oranları C-EG, CC-EG, C-G ve CC-G gruplarında sırasıyla; %62.1, %38.4, %30.2 ve %39.3 oldu. Bu çalışmada, koyun embriyolarının vitrifikasyonunda; ilk ekilibrasyon medyumu olarak gliserol yerine etilen glikol kullanılmasının faydalı olduğu buna karşılık, koyun ovidukt epiteli hücreleri ile ko-kültürün etkili olmadığı saptandı

A comparative study on the growth and survival characteristics of lambs produced by the transfer of in vitro produced (IVP) embryos

This study was carried out to determine the growth, survival rate and some body measurements until weaning of lambs produced by the in vitro production (IVP) method in comparison with those of lambs produced by artificial insemination. The lambs in the experimental group were produced by the transfer of IVP embryos developed to the blastocyst stage after the in vitro maturation and fertilisation of oocytes obtained from the ovaries of slaughtered ewes

"The Competition in the World Economy and It's Determinants"

&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;International Congress of Science, Education and Technology Research&nbsp;&nbsp; Odessa National I.I. Mechnikov University, Ukraine&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 10-12 August 2018&nbsp; &nbsp;P.55&nbsp;&nbsp; 4 . This work was supported by BAP of İstanbul University. Project Number: BYP-2018-31170&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; The Competition in the World Economy and Its Determinants4&nbsp; Ali Osman Balkanlı&nbsp;&nbsp; In the 1600s, the world economy has began its long period of crawling in industrialization journey. This process has lasted until 1950&#39;s. After the 1950s, in a growing form, remarkable changes emerged in the structure and composition of the industry. In particular, with the discovery of transistor instead of the vacuum tube in electronics, a dizzying process has begun. The distinctions between the 1st Industrial Revolution and the 2nd Industrial Revolution provide important explanations about the development and shaping of the industry in the world economy. Altough these distinctions are important, the discovery of the transistor is more important, especially in under standing today&#39;s electro-economic change. Transistors are the most basic piece of today&#39;s computers and telephones and health check machines. The difference between their earlier versions and today&#39;s transistors is mainly related to the diminution of their dimensions. Nowadays, what we call processor is the combination of a large number of transistors as a single product. If we think that today&#39;s main processor in a computer has 4.000.000 transistors, we can easily understand the form of change. Therefore, in examining the intense competition in today&#39;s world economy, it should be said that the first factor underlying this competition is the electronic development and technology that started in 1950s. A key determinant of competition in the world economy is the comparative advantage of factor equipment (Factor endowment theory).&nbsp; This factor is influential in many cases in the world economy in one way or another way. Another determinant of competition in today&#39;s world economy is the high level of production know-how flexibility and the training of productive work force. This is a major factor, especially because of the effects on the production process and on the products. On the other hand, another factor that is important in the competitiveness of the economies and the firms in the world economy is ability to offer economic stability of the states. As we have seen in nowadays, the economic decisions of governments also determine the international economic conditions of countries and firms. In this study, the role and significance of these factors in the competitiveness of the countries in the world economy will be examined. Keywords: competition, world economy, determinants, factor&nbsp;</p

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