Détermination de l’expression des gènes codant pour le TNF-α et la leptine par RT-PCR dans le sang de vaches présentant un déplacement de la caillette à gauche

The aims of this study are to evaluate the TNF-α and leptin gene expression in blood from Holstein cows with left abomasal displacement and to correlate it with induced liver injury. The TNF-α and leptin expression in blood samples was determined by RT-PCR after normalisation using the constant expression of the housekeeping GAPDH gene in cows with left abomasal displacement (LAD) (n = 20) before surgery and 7 days after as well as in healthy controls (n = 10). Plasma hepatic enzyme (AST: aspartate aminotransferase, ALT: alanine aminotransferase and ALP: alkaline phosphatase) activities were measured in parallel. Plasma AST and ALP activities dramatically increased in diseased cows during the preoperative period and then declined. Although not significantly, the leptin expression tended to decrease in LAD affected cows while the TNF-α expression tended to increase during the postoperative period. These results suggest that TNF-α may be associated with liver damage during abomasal displacement and that leptin was inversely correlated.Les objectifs de cette étude ont été d’évaluer l’expression des gènes codant pour le TNF-α et la leptine dans le sang de vaches Holstein présentant un déplacement à gauche de la caillette et de la corréler avec les lésions hépatiques induites. L’expression du TNF-α et de la leptine a été déterminée par RT-PCR après normalisation en considérant l’expression du gène de ménage GAPDH comme constante dans les échantillons sanguins provenant de vaches atteintes d’un déplacement à gauche de la caillette (n = 20) avant et 7 jours après traitement chirurgical ou provenant de vaches saines (témoins, n = 10). Les activités plasmatiques des enzymes hépatiques (AST : aspartate aminotransférase, ALT ; alanine aminotransférase et PAL : phosphatase alcaline) ont été mesurées en parallèle. Les activités plasmatiques de l’AST et de la PAL étaient considérablement augmentées chez les vaches malades avant la chirurgie puis elles ont diminué durant la période postopératoire. Bien que les variations n’aient pas été significatives, l’expression de la leptine chez les animaux malades a tendu à diminuer alors que celle du TNF-α a augmenté durant la période postopératoire. Ces résultats suggèrent que le TNF-α pourrait être associé aux lésions hépatiques associées à un déplacement de la caillette alors que la leptine serait inversement corrélée.Scientific Research Projects Commission of Mehmet Akif Ersoy Universit

Prevalence and Diversity of Arcobacter spp. in Retail Chicken Meat in Turkey

Arcobacters are food and waterborne pathogens associated with human and animal infections. The objective of the present study was to investigate the prevalence and diversity of Arcobacter spp. in commercially sold chicken meat in İzmir region of Turkey. For this purpose, 100 samples including legs (n = 40), 17 chicken quarters (n = 17), drumstickers (n = 16), breasts (n = 11), wings (n = 10), and carcasses (n = 6) were collected from different retail markets. A total of 65 isolates were confirmed as Arcobacter spp. from 55 samples by genus-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The prevalence of Arcobacter spp. was 32.5, 81.3, 64.7, 72.7, 83.3, and 50% for legs, drumstickers, chicken quarters, breasts, carcasses and wings, respectively. Based on the multiplex-PCR, most of the isolates were identified as A. butzleri (n = 45, 80%), followed by A. cryaerophilus (n = 2, 3.6%), A. skirrowii (n = 1, 1.8%) and 17 isolates (30.9%) could not be identified at the species level

Prevalence and diversity of Arcobacter spp. in retail chicken meat in Turkey

WOS: 000413202200006Arcobacters are food and waterborne pathogens associated with human and animal infections. The objective of the present study was to investigate the prevalence and diversity of Arcobacter spp. in commercially sold chicken meat in Izmir region of Turkey. For this purpose, 100 samples including legs (n= 40), 17 chicken quarters (n= 17), drumstickers (n= 16), breasts (n= 11), wings (n= 10), and carcasses (n= 6) were collected from different retail markets. A total of 65 isolates were confirmed as Arcobacter spp. from 55 samples by genus-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The prevalence of Arcobacter spp. was 32.5, 81.3, 64.7, 72.7, 83.3, and 50% for legs, drumstickers, chicken quarters, breasts, carcasses and wings, respectively. Based on the multiplex-PCR, most of the isolates were identified as A. butzleri (n= 45, 80%), followed by A. cryaerophilus (n= 2, 3.6%), A. skirrowii (n= 1, 1.8%) and 17 isolates (30.9%) could not be identified at the species level

Afyonkarahisar ilindeki yenebilir sakatatlarda Salmonella'nın prevalansı

In this study, the prevalence of Salmonella sp. was examined using a total of 205 edible bovine offal samples collected from different abattoirs (n=105) and butcheries (n=100) by immunomagnetic separation (IMS) method. The isolation rate of Salmonella was found to be 8.57%, 5.71% and 5.71% for the liver, kidney and tripe samples collected from the abattoir, respectively. Of the offal samples obtained from the butcheries, the detection rate of Salmonella sp. was 16% in the liver and 4% in the kidney, tripe and brain samples. Overall, it was found that 8.29% of all the offal samples obtained from the abattoirs and butcheries were determined to be contaminated with Salmonella sp. The results of this study shows that edible offal are cross-contaminated by Salmonella sp. at the abattoirs and retail sale points until they reach to the consumer. It is recommended that adequate hygienic and sanitary measures be taken in these kind of places in order to protect public health.Bu çalışmada, farklı kesimhane (105 adet) ve kasaplardan (100 adet) temin edilen toplam 205 adet yenebilir sakatat örneği, Salmonella türlerinin prevalansını belirlemek amacıyla imunnunmanyetik ayırma tekniği (IMS) kullanılarak incelendi. Salmonella izolasyon oranı kesimhaneden alınan karaciğer, böbrek ve işkembe örnekleri için sırasiıla %8.57, %5.71 ve %5.71 olarak saptandı. Kasaplardan temin edilen sakatat örneklerinde ise Salmonella saptama oranı karaciğerde %16, böbrek, işkembe ve beyin örneklerinde ise sırasıyla %4 olarak belirlendi. Genel olarak, bu çalışma kapsamında kesimhane ve kasaplardan temin edilen tüm sakatat örneklerinin %8.29 oranında Salmonella ile kontamine olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışmanın bulguları, yenebilir sakatatların tüketiciye ulaşıncaya kadar kesimhane ve perakende satış noktalarında Salmonella ile çarpraz kontaminasyona maruz kaldığını göstermektedir. Halk sağlığını korumak amacıyla bu gibi yerlerde yeterli hijyen ve sıhhi önlemlerinin alınması tavsiye olunur

Afyonkarahisar ilindeki yenebilir sakatatlarda Salmonella'nın prevalansı

In this study, the prevalence of Salmonella sp. was examined using a total of 205 edible bovine offal samples collected from different abattoirs (n=105) and butcheries (n=100) by immunomagnetic separation (IMS) method. The isolation rate of Salmonella was found to be 8.57%, 5.71% and 5.71% for the liver, kidney and tripe samples collected from the abattoir, respectively. Of the offal samples obtained from the butcheries, the detection rate of Salmonella sp. was 16% in the liver and 4% in the kidney, tripe and brain samples. Overall, it was found that 8.29% of all the offal samples obtained from the abattoirs and butcheries were determined to be contaminated with Salmonella sp. The results of this study shows that edible offal are cross-contaminated by Salmonella sp. at the abattoirs and retail sale points until they reach to the consumer. It is recommended that adequate hygienic and sanitary measures be taken in these kind of places in order to protect public health.Bu çalışmada, farklı kesimhane (105 adet) ve kasaplardan (100 adet) temin edilen toplam 205 adet yenebilir sakatat örneği, Salmonella türlerinin prevalansını belirlemek amacıyla imunnunmanyetik ayırma tekniği (IMS) kullanılarak incelendi. Salmonella izolasyon oranı kesimhaneden alınan karaciğer, böbrek ve işkembe örnekleri için sırasiıla %8.57, %5.71 ve %5.71 olarak saptandı. Kasaplardan temin edilen sakatat örneklerinde ise Salmonella saptama oranı karaciğerde %16, böbrek, işkembe ve beyin örneklerinde ise sırasıyla %4 olarak belirlendi. Genel olarak, bu çalışma kapsamında kesimhane ve kasaplardan temin edilen tüm sakatat örneklerinin %8.29 oranında Salmonella ile kontamine olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışmanın bulguları, yenebilir sakatatların tüketiciye ulaşıncaya kadar kesimhane ve perakende satış noktalarında Salmonella ile çarpraz kontaminasyona maruz kaldığını göstermektedir. Halk sağlığını korumak amacıyla bu gibi yerlerde yeterli hijyen ve sıhhi önlemlerinin alınması tavsiye olunur

Detection of Listeria species in fresh fish and fish market environment by IMS technique in Turkey

The incidence of Listeria spp. was investigated in fresh fish (n = 100) sold at retail markets and in the environmental and personnel samples (n = 100) obtained from several fish markets in Afyonkarahisar, Turkey by immunomagnetic separation technique. The fish samples analysed included anchovy, trout, carp and grey mullet (25 of each). Six (6 %) of the fish samples were found positive for Listeria spp. and the overall incidence of Listeria spp. was 10 % in the environmental and personnel samples. Three Listeria spp., Listeria monocytogenes, L. ivanovii, L. grayi were recovered from the samples examined. In addition, L. seeligeri from a fish sample and L. innocua from an environmental sample (box) were isolated. It was found that L. monocytogenes was only detected in fresh water fish with an incidence of 8 %. For the environmental samples, knives and refrigerators had the highest (20 %) and personnel samples had the least (5%) levels of contamination. It can be concluded that the fish sold at retail markets are moderately contaminated with various species of Listeria including L. monocytogenes, which may pose a risk for human health. The presence of these bacteria in environmental and personnel samples of fish markets is also an important possible sources of cross-contamination of the fish and other seafood. The results of this study indicate the necessity of the implementation of good hygiene and sanitary practices in order to prevent and/or reduce the contamination of fishery products by Listeria spp. at the retail level

Investigation of arcobacters in meat and faecal samples of clinically healthy cattle in Turkey

Aims: To investigate the presence of Arcobacter spp. in minced beef meat (n ¼ 97) and rectal faecal samples (n ¼ 200) collected from cattle immediately after slaughter at a local abattoir in Turkey. Methods and Results: Meat samples were examined using three different isolation procedures (CATsupplemented media, de Boer arcobacter isolation method and membrane filtration method), but only one method (CAT-supplemented media) was employed for faecal samples. The isolated Arcobacter strains were identified by genus- and species-(multiplex) specific PCR assays. Arcobacter spp. were isolated from 5 and 9Æ5% of meat and faecal samples respectively. Although the only Arcobacter sp. found in meat samples was Arcobacter butzleri, all three pathogenic species – A. butzleri, A. cryaerophilus and A. skirrowii – were detected in the rectal swabs. No Arcobacter was isolated when the de Boer method was used for minced meat samples but the same five meat samples were found positive for arcobacters when CAT-supplemented media and membrane filtration method were used. Conclusions: The membrane filtration method was found to be superior to the CAT-supplemented media, because it led to a reduction in competing microflora. However, the necessity for one filter and medium for each sample makes this method somewhat expensive. The multiplex-PCR (m-PCR) assay shortened significantly the time required for the identification of Arcobacter spp. and also removed the possibility of false positive results due to other campylobacteria. Significance and Impact of the Study: This study reports the isolation of Arcobacter spp. in cattle for the first time in Turkey. The m-PCR assay enables the identification and differentiation of all arcobacters simultaneously in one-step PCR

Investigation of arcobacters in meat and faecal samples of clinically healthy cattle in Turkey

Aims: To investigate the presence of Arcobacter spp. in minced beef meat (n ¼ 97) and rectal faecal samples (n ¼ 200) collected from cattle immediately after slaughter at a local abattoir in Turkey. Methods and Results: Meat samples were examined using three different isolation procedures (CATsupplemented media, de Boer arcobacter isolation method and membrane filtration method), but only one method (CAT-supplemented media) was employed for faecal samples. The isolated Arcobacter strains were identified by genus- and species-(multiplex) specific PCR assays. Arcobacter spp. were isolated from 5 and 9Æ5% of meat and faecal samples respectively. Although the only Arcobacter sp. found in meat samples was Arcobacter butzleri, all three pathogenic species – A. butzleri, A. cryaerophilus and A. skirrowii – were detected in the rectal swabs. No Arcobacter was isolated when the de Boer method was used for minced meat samples but the same five meat samples were found positive for arcobacters when CAT-supplemented media and membrane filtration method were used. Conclusions: The membrane filtration method was found to be superior to the CAT-supplemented media, because it led to a reduction in competing microflora. However, the necessity for one filter and medium for each sample makes this method somewhat expensive. The multiplex-PCR (m-PCR) assay shortened significantly the time required for the identification of Arcobacter spp. and also removed the possibility of false positive results due to other campylobacteria. Significance and Impact of the Study: This study reports the isolation of Arcobacter spp. in cattle for the first time in Turkey. The m-PCR assay enables the identification and differentiation of all arcobacters simultaneously in one-step PCR