CYANIDATION METHOD OF STEEL OR TITANIC PRODUCTS

FIELD: metallurgy. SUBSTANCE: invention concerns ferrous metallurgy field and mechanical engineering. Particularly it concerns cyanidation methods of steel or titanic products. Method includes application on working surface of product of diffusion layers containing carbon and nitrogen. Diffusion layers application is implemented by means of electroerosion alloying by graphite electrode, cooled by gaseous nitrogen. EFFECT: increasing of microhardness and wear resistance of received layers. 1 tbl, 1 ex.Изобретение относится к области черной металлургии и машиностроению, а именно к способам цианирования стальных или титановых изделий. Способ включает нанесение на рабочую поверхность изделия диффузионных слоев, содержащих углерод и азот. Нанесение диффузионных слоев осуществляют электроэрозионным легированием графитовым электродом, охлаждаемым газообразным азотом. Технический результат - повышение микротвердости и износостойкости получаемых слоев. 1 табл

METHOD OF ELECTRIC EROSION SURFACE BORATING OF PARTS MADE FROM STEEL AND CAST IRON

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to machine building, namely to surface hardening of parts and tools made from carbon steels and cast iron. Proposed method comprises applying hardening borated coat in the form of one or two electric erosion layers by rod-like boron-containing electrodes blows by coolant. Note here that hardening surface thickness makes 0.15-0.25 mm. Note also that ferroboron is used as boron-containing electrode while compressed air or neutral gas is used as coolant. EFFECT: higher adhesion between coat and part surface, hence, higher wear resistance and rust protection without additional machining before borating.Изобретение относится к нанесению защитных покрытий и может быть использовано в машиностроении для поверхностного упрочнения деталей и инструмента, изготовленных из углеродистых сталей и чугуна. Способ включает нанесение на обрабатываемую поверхность упрочняющего борированного покрытия в виде одного или двух электроэрозионных слоев борсодержащим электродом, выполненным в виде стержня, который обдувают охладителем, причем упрочняющее покрытие наносят толщиной 0,15-0,25 мм. В качестве борсодержащего электрода используют ферробор, а в качестве охладителя используют сжатый воздух или нейтральный газ. Способ обеспечивает высокую прочность сцепления слоя покрытия с поверхностью детали и позволяет повысить износостойкость и коррозионную стойкость обработанной детали, при этом не требует дополнительной обработки поверхности перед борированием детали

METHOD OF RESTORATION OF WORKING WALLS OF CRYSTALLISER MADE OF COPPER OR ITS ALLOYS

FIELD: technological processes; metallurgy. SUBSTANCE: method includes mechanical treatment of worn out sections of working surfaces of walls and application of two-layer wear-resistant coating on them. Application of coating is performed with hard-alloy electrodes at the set of electrospark alloying with rotation of electrode-tool around its axis, its vibration and displacement on the surface of worn sections of working walls of crystalliser in transverse and longitudinal directions. At that process is carried out according to the following modes: idle run voltage 50-210 V, short circuit current 1-20 A, frequency of electrode-tool vibration 50-500 Hz, frequency of electrode-tool rotation around its axis 100-500 s⁻¹, and displacement in transverse and longitudinal directions with frequency of 10-600 Hz, amplitude of 2-90 micrometer and speed of processing 50-350 mm²/min. Hardness of the first layer makes 35-48 HRC, and of the second layer - 48-55 HRC. EFFECT: simplification of technology and increase of crystallisers resistance. 2 cl, 1 tbl, 1 ex.Изобретение относится к области металлургии, а именно к способам восстановления рабочих стенок кристаллизатора, и может быть использовано для восстановления рабочих стенок кристаллизатора из меди или ее сплавов. Способ включает механическую обработку изношенных участков рабочих поверхностей стенок и нанесение на них двухслойного износостойкого покрытия. Нанесение покрытия осуществляют твердосплавными электродами на установке электроискрового легирования с вращением электрода-инструмента вокруг своей оси, его вибрацией и перемещением по поверхности изношенных участков рабочих стенок кристаллизатора в поперечном и продольном направлениях. При этом процесс ведут при следующих режимах: напряжении холостого хода 50-210 В, токе короткого замыкания 1-20 А, частоте вибрации электрода-инструмента 50-500 Гц, частоте вращения электрода-инструмента вокруг своей оси 100-500 с⁻¹, и перемещении в поперечном и продольном направлениях с частотой 10-600 Гц, амплитудой 2-90 мкм и со скоростью обработки 50-350 мм²/мин. Твердость первого слоя составляет 35-48 HRC, а второго слоя 48-55 HRC. Технический результат - упрощение технологии и повышение стойкости кристаллизаторов. 1 з.п. ф-лы, 1 табл

Computational method for fluid flow process in porous media with heterogeneity of permeability

In this paper the solution of coupled problem for fluid flow in the reservoir with hydraulically fractured well will be discussed. The new boundary condition is taken in to account for modeling of different cases of fractured wells location and for the prediction of water tracer lines. The analytical solution for flow potential will help petroleum engineers to predict well productivity and evaluate the most effective well pattern for waterflooding production system with massive hydraulic fracturing

Computational method for fluid flow process in porous media with heterogeneity of permeability

In this paper the solution of coupled problem for fluid flow in the reservoir with hydraulically fractured well will be discussed. The new boundary condition is taken in to account for modeling of different cases of fractured wells location and for the prediction of water tracer lines. The analytical solution for flow potential will help petroleum engineers to predict well productivity and evaluate the most effective well pattern for waterflooding production system with massive hydraulic fracturing

Modeling and numerical calculation of piston-like oil displacement for doubly-periodic systems of oil fields development

Prediction of the motion of the oil-water contact boundary has great importance in the problems of design of oilfield development by waterflooding: knowledge of the nature of coupled motion of oil and water, displacing oil in the reservoir allows us to optimize the system of oil field development. The simplest model of coupled filtering of oil and water is the model of "multicolored" liquids, which assumes that oil and water have the same or similar physical properties (density and viscosity). In this paper we consider a more complex "piston-like" model of oil-water displacement, which takes into account differences in viscosity and density of the two fluids. Oil reservoir assumed to be homogeneous and infinite, fixed thickness, with constant values of porosity and permeability coefficients. It is assumed that the reservoir is developed by a group of a finite number of production and injection wells recurrent in two directions (doubly-periodic cluster). Filtration of liquids is described by Darcy's law. It is assumed, that both fluids are weakly compressible and the pressure in the reservoir satisfies the quasi-stationary diffusion equation. Piston-like displacement model leads to the discontinuity of the tangential component of the velocity vector at the boundary of oil-water contact. Use of the theory of elliptic functions in conjunction with the generalized Cauchy integrals reduces the problem of finding the current boundaries of oil-water contact to the system of singular integral equations for the tangential and normal components of the velocity vector and the Cauchy problem for the integration of the differential equations of motion of the boundary of oil-water contact. An algorithm for the numerical solution of this problem is developed. The monitoring of oil-water boundary motion for different schemes of waterflooding (linear row, four-point, five-point, seven-point, nine-point, etc.) is carried out