109 research outputs found
Patients with severe acuteâonâchronic liver failure are disadvantaged by model for endâstage liver diseaseâbased organ allocation policy
Background: Mortality for patients with acuteâonâchronic liver failure (ACLF) may be underestimated by the model for endâstage liver diseaseâsodium (MELDâNa) score. /
Aim: To assess waitlist outcomes across varying grades of ACLF among a cohort of patients listed with a MELDâNa score â„35, and therefore having similar priority for liver transplantation. /
Methods: We analysed the United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) database, years 2010â2017. Waitlist outcomes were evaluated using Fine and Gray's competing risks regression. /
Results: We identified 6342 candidates at listing with a MELDâNa score â„35, of whom 3122 had ACLFâ3. Extraâhepatic organ failures were present primarily in patients with four to six organ failures. Competing risks regression revealed that candidates listed with ACLFâ3 had a significantly higher risk for 90âday waitlist mortality (Subâhazard ratio (SHR) = 1.41; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.12â1.78) relative to patients with lower ACLF grades. Subgroup analysis of ACLFâ3 revealed that both the presence of three organ failures (SHR = 1.40, 95% CI 1.20â1.63) or four to six organ failures at listing (SHR = 3.01; 95% CI 2.54â3.58) was associated with increased waitlist death. Candidates with four to six organ failures also had the lowest likelihood of receiving liver transplantation (SHR = 0.61, 95% CI 0.54â0.68). The Share 35 rule was associated with reduced 90âday waitlist mortality among the full cohort of patients listed with ACLFâ3 and MELDâNa score â„35 (SHR = 0.59; 95% CI 0.49â0.70). However, Share 35 rule implementation was not associated with reduced waitlist mortality among patients with four to six organ failures (SHR = 0.76; 95% CI 0.58â1.02). /
Conclusion: The MELDâNa score disadvantages patients with ACLFâ3, both with and without extraâhepatic organ failures. Incorporation of organ failures into allocation policy warrants further exploration
Cochlin, Intraocular Pressure Regulation and Mechanosensing
Fluid shear modulates many biological properties. How shear mechanosensing occurs in the extracellular matrix (ECM) and is transduced into cytoskeletal change remains unknown. Cochlin is an ECM protein of unknown function. Our investigation using a comprehensive spectrum of cutting-edge techniques has resulted in following major findings: (1) over-expression and down-regulation of cochlin increase and decrease intraocular pressure (IOP), respectively. The overexpression was achieved in DBA/2J-Gpnmb+/SjJ using lentiviral vectors, down-regulation was achieved in glaucomatous DBA/2J mice using targeted disruption (cochlin-null mice) and also using lentiviral vector mediated shRNA against cochlin coding region; (2) reintroduction of cochlin in cochlin-null mice increases IOP; (3) injection of exogenous cochlin also increased IOP; (4) increasing perfusion rates increased cochlin multimerization, which reduced the rate of cochlin proteolysis by trypsin and proteinase K; The cochlin multimerization in response to shear stress suggests its potential mechanosensing. Taken together with previous studies, we show cochlin is involved in regulation of intraocular pressure in DBA/2J potentially through mechanosensing of the shear stress
Cirrhosis and liver transplantation in patients co-infected with HIV and hepatitis B or C:an observational cohort study
This study assessed the likelihood of referral for liver transplantation assessment in a prospective cohort of patients co-infected with HIV and hepatitis B or C with complications of cirrhosis. There were 141 co-infected patients from 11 UK centres with at least one complication of cirrhosis recorded (either decompensation or hepatocellular carcinoma) out of 772 identified with cirrhosis and/or HCC. Only 23 of these 141 (16.3%) were referred for liver transplantation assessment, even though referral is recommended for co-infected patients after the first decompensation episode
Cochlin Induced TREK-1 Co-Expression and Annexin A2 Secretion: Role in Trabecular Meshwork Cell Elongation and Motility
Fluid flow through large interstitial spaces is sensed at the cellular level, and mechanistic responses to flow changes enables expansion or contraction of the cells modulating the surrounding area and brings about changes in fluid flow. In the anterior eye chamber, aqueous humor, a clear fluid, flows through trabecular meshwork (TM), a filter like region. Cochlin, a secreted protein in the extracellular matrix, was identified in the TM of glaucomatous patients but not controls by mass spectrometry. Cochlin undergoes shear induced multimerization and plays a role in mechanosensing of fluid shear. Cytoskeletal changes in response to mechanosensing in the ECM by cochlin will necessitate transduction of mechanosensing. TREK-1, a stretch activated outward rectifying potassium channel protein known to act as mechanotransducer was found to be expressed in TM. Cochlin expression results in co-expression of TREK-1 and filopodia formation. Prolonged cochlin expression results in expression and subsequent secretion of annexin A2, a protein known to play a role in cytoskeletal remodeling. Cochlin interacts with TREK-1 and annexin A2. Cochlin-TREK-1 interaction has functional consequences and results in changes in cell shape and motility. Annexin A2 expression and secretion follows cochlin-TREK-1 syn-expression and correlates with cell elongation. Thus cytoskeleton changes in response to fluid shear sensed by cochlin are further mediated by TREK-1 and annexin A2
Preditores de injĂșria renal aguda em pacientes submetidos ao transplante ortotĂłpico de fĂgado convencional sem desvio venovenoso
External Validation of a Pretransplant Biomarker Model (REVERSE) Predictive of Renal Recovery After Liver Transplantation
Meeting Report: The Dallas Consensus Conference on Liver Transplantation for Alcohol Associated Hepatitis
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