NEUROPHARMACOLOGICAL SCREENING, ANTI-STRESS ACTIVITY, AND TOXICITY STUDIES OF STANDARDIZED EXTRACT OF THE SEEDS OF CELASTRUS PANICULATUS WILLD

Objective: Celastrus paniculatus Willd, family Celastraceae is an important medicinal plant distributed all over India. Due to the presence of antioxidative polyphenols in C. paniculatus Willd have received much attention for health-promoting properties by scavenging the free radicals, the purpose of this study is to understand neuropharmacological, anti-stress activity, and toxicity studies of standardized seeds extract of “C. paniculatus Willd. Methods: The sun dried C. paniculatus Willd seeds were collected and extracted with ethanol by maceration. Then, the ethanolic extract was subjected to phytochemical screening. The acute toxicity of the ethanolic extract of C. paniculatus was observed as per the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development guideline no. 423. Neuropharmacological and anti-stress effects were analyzed and evaluated by using physical stress models such as Swimming endurance test, Anoxic tolerance test, Tail suspension test (TST), and Elevated plus maze test. For this study, Swiss albino mice (20–30 g) were divided into five groups of six animals each. Distilled water administered as vehicle in control group and standard group received Withania somnifera (100 mg/kg) while C. paniculatus Willd ethanolic extract (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg) was given orally for 7 days. Results and Discussion: Change in immobility time in swim endurance, first clonic convulsion produced in anoxic tolerance test, immobility time in TST and open arms entry in elevated plus maze test was recorded as parameters. The ethanolic extracts of C. paniculatus Willd significantly reduces the immobility timing along with increases the swimming endurance time, and clonic convulsion timing in anoxic tolerance test in comparison of control group. In tail suspension significant decrease in immobility time and increased open arm entry in elevated plus maze were observed as compare to control group. Conclusion: C. paniculatus Willd has potential as a medicinal plant and it showed protective effect for the stress prevention as the alkaloids are present as main constituents

Micro-fabrication of Carbon Structures by Pattern Miniaturization in Resorcinol-Formaldehyde Gel

A simple and novel method to fabricate and miniaturize surface and sub-surface micro-structures and micro-patterns in glassy carbon is proposed and demonstrated. An aqueous resorcinol-formaldehyde (RF) sol is employed for micro-molding of the master-pattern to be replicated, followed by controlled drying and pyrolysis of the gel to reproduce an isotropically shrunk replica in carbon. The miniaturized version of the master-pattern thus replicated in carbon is about one order of magnitude smaller than original master by repeating three times the above cycle of molding and drying. The micro-fabrication method proposed will greatly enhance the toolbox for a facile fabrication of a variety of Carbon-MEMS and C-microfluidic devices.Comment: 16 pages, 5 figure

Evaluation of multiple plant growth promoting traits of an isolate of <i style="">Pseudomonas fluorescens</i> strain Psd

601-609P. fluorescens strain Psd was isolated from the rhizosphere of Vigna mungo and evaluated for its multiple plant growth promoting and biocontrol properties against F. oxysporum. Interestingly, this strain not only produces a range of antimicrobial compounds but also solubilizes complexed phosphates and synthesizes phytohormone (IAA). These properties can be assessed to elucidate the agronomic significance and rhizospheric competence of this soil isolate. Biocontrol action has been demonstrated in vitro against some other rhizospheric bacteria, and a phytopathogenic fungus along with wild type E. coli K-12. Genetic evidence for the antimicrobial status of strain Psd has been derived in terms of elucidating a unique combination of phenazine and pyrrolnitrin biosynthesis genes, not reported for any other P. fluorescens strain. The conserved part of antibiotics biosynthesis operon has been PCR amplified, cloned, sequenced and phylogenetic relationship based on similar genes from a few known Pseudomonads has been derived. The properties possessed by strain Psd may enable the bacterium to establish itself successfully in the rhizosphere

Development and optimization of oleogel made with soy protein isolate and xanthan gum using emulsion template approach and its comparison with solid fats

This study aims to develop oleogel as a potential substitute for solid fats in the diet. A novel combination of unmodified Soy Protein Isolate (SPI) and Xanthan Gum (XG) have been utilized to gelate sunflower oil, using an emulsion template approach. The experimental trials employing Response Surface Methodology are conducted to optimize various parameters that affect the oil binding capacity, textural and rheological properties of the oleogel. The concentration of soy protein varies in the range of 5–15 %, the ratio of soy protein to xanthan gum ranges from 1:2 to 1:4, and the ionic strength varies from 0.2 to 1 M. The goal is to formulate oleogel that closely resembles solid fats. Responses namely the oil binding capacity and gel strength value of oleogel were observed best fitted to a linear model whereas, the hardness of oleogel found following a quadratic model. The SPI-XG combination was found effective in entraping more than 95 % of the oil. The best formulation of SPI: XG, 1:4; SPI concentration, 15 % and ionic strength of 1.0 M with 95.5 % of oil retention and hardness and gel strength value comparable to commercial solid fats

Origin of ferroelectric P-E loop in cubic compositions and structure of poled (1-x)Bi(Mg1/2Zr1/2)O-3-xPbTiO(3) piezoceramics

Structural analysis of electrically poled samples of polycrystalline, (1-x)Bi(Mg1/2Zr1/2)O-3-xPbTiO(3) piezoceramics across morphotropic phase boundary reveals electric field-induced cubic to tetragonal phase transition and significant domain reorientation in tetragonal and two-phase compositions. The c-axis domain elongation is observed for tetragonal compositions after poling. The morphotropic phase boundary composition, having coexisting cubic and tetragonal phases in the unpoled state, exhibits alteration in relative proportion of the two phases, in addition to domain extension and reorientation along c-axis. For the morphotropic phase boundary composition, the tetragonality (c/a) is enhanced with significantly large c-axis strain (similar to 0.92%) in tetragonal phase after poling. Origin of ferroelectric P-E loop in cubic compositions is linked with the electric field-induced phase transition

Fractional Order Modelling for Different Temperature Processes

In this paper, a new approach is proposed tomodel the dynamics of temperature profile andtemperature tracking of three different processes byusing fractional calculus. Model analysis is exhibitedby comparing fractional ordered PID controllers whichare also tuned by using fractional calculus, andtraditional integer ordered PID controllers. It is seenthat by using fractional order tuning methods, moreaccurate results are obtained. Main purpose of thisreview paper is to show the benefits of the fractionalcalculus based modelling in system temperatureprofiling toward better results. Comparing the results offractional order PID and traditional PI/PID controllersit is clear that the proposed tuning method is morebeneficial for better temperature profiling

Not Available

Not AvailableThe experiment was conducted to study the effect of vitamin C on oxidative stress and immune status in buffaloes during summer. Primiparous Murrah buffaloes (12) in late gestation were used for this study. The buffaloes were divided into 2 groups of 6 animals each. Group 1 was served as control and group 2 was supplemented with ascorbic acid @ 10g/animal/day from day -45 to day 0 (day of parturition). Blood samples were collected on days -45, -30, -7 and 0. Lymphocyte proliferation index (LPI) and neutrophil phagocytic activity (PA) were analyzed in the whole blood. Plasma was analyzed for, antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT and GPx). The PA decreased and the decline was significant on day -7 and day 0 in both groups compared to day -45. The PA was significantly (lower in group 2). LPI was significantly lower on day 0 compared to day -45 in both groups but the variations between groups were not significant. SOD, CAT and GPx activity increased significantly from day -45 to day 0 in both groups. However, the increase in their activity was significantly lower in group 2 compared to group 1. Plasma TAS decreased 12.3 and 6.8% in group 1 and group 2, respectively, from day -45 to day 0 and overall levels were significantly higher in group 2 than group 1. TBARS increased with advancement of pregnancy and the levels were significantly higher on day -7 and 0 in both groups. The levels of TBARS were significantly higher in group 1 compared to group 2. The results indicated that the deviations in immune status and oxidative stress caused due to thermal stress restored towards normalcy by supplementation of vitamin C.Not Availabl