Mice fetus liver tissue spectroscopic alterations following concomitant administration of Metronidazole & Miconazole

Introduction: Metronidazole (MET) and Miconazole (MIC) are antiprotozoal and imidazole antifungal agents, respectively. The aim of this study was to assess the usefulness of Fourier Transform Infrared micro-spectroscopy (FTIR-MSP) for discriminating and detecting spectral changes of mouse fetus liver tissue after mother’s exposure to concomitant use of MET and MIC. Methods and Results: The control group received only normal diet and the exposure groups received MET, MIC, and concomitant MET and MIC. The pregnant mice were anesthetized and their fetuses were surgically removed on gestation day 15. Fixative slides without any staining were put on KBr disc with a 1mm thick for IR micro spectroscopy. All information obtained from the spectra were analyzed using routine FTIR software. Based on our results, MET and MIC, alone and in combination together, have created some changes in the mice fetus liver biomolecules. Conclusions: FTIR biospectroscopy application in teratology is very challenging, but it has been accepted as a reliable technique; however, it is necessary to do more investigations

Processing on recognition of FTIR-MSP alteration of Heart tissue during mice fetal life

Introduction: Understanding of fetus development is one of the most complicated with a great impact on Teratology. FTIR-MSP is among the most useful spectroscopy technique for biological and cellular application. In this project, various statistical calculations were used for recognition and discrimination of heart tissue spectra during 9.5-17.5 days of mice fetal life. Method and Results: The mice fetuses were dissected on day 9.5-17.5 of gestation and then fixed by fixative solution. Tissue sections (10 µm) were used for FTIR-MSP measurement in the wavenumber region of 4000-400 cm-1. Spectra were preceded by baseline correction, smoothing, deconvolution and 2nd derivatisation. PCA, ANN and SVM have been used to find the most relevant modifications in during fetus development. PCA with adjusting data mass and seven selected major PCs have been used to find the most relevant modifications in different steps of mice fetus heart tissue development and also BP-FF ANN and SVM classifications could diagnose different steps of development up to 96.3% and 92.59% respectively. Conclusions: PCA, ANN and SVM methods could classify and discriminate the FTIR spectroscopic data and can be as a new potential tool for the teratogenic investigations

Parabens Effects on Estrogenic Receptors of C13 Cell Line: Chemometrics in Simultaneous Spectrophotometric Determination

Ovarian cancer is one of the major causes of death in women. Parabens are a class of chemicals widely used as preservatives in cosmetic and pharmaceutical products, they mimic estrogens, which are known to play a role in the development of different cancers in women. The Aim of this study was to investigate the proliferative effects of Methyl Paraben (MP) and Propyl Paraben (PP) on human ovarian adenocarcinoma C13 cell line.C13 cell line grown in phenol red-free RPMI 1640, supplemented with 10% NCS, were exposed to either 0-100 μM of estradiol (E)or tamoxifen (T). After 5 days, the number of live cells in each well (12 well plate) was counted using trypan blue assay to obtain the EC50 or LC50 of E and T using the regression fitness analysis on GraphPad Prism© software. The acquired EC50 for E was used for MP and PP exposure, alone or in a co-treatment with LC50 of T to investigate their effects on C13 growth curve.LC50 and EC50 of T and E were 3.125 μg/ml and 12.5 μg/ml, respectively. In a co-administration of these two, T showed to be a good cell growth inhibitor for the first 9 days, when the proliferative effect of estrogenic compounds lead to cell mitosis. Parabens showed estradiol pattern boost in cell growth for the first 8 days, but had more sustained and powerful proliferative effect compared to estradiol with a 300% increase in cell number on day 10. In co-administration with T, MP and E reversed T inhibitory effects from the beginning with MP boosting cell proliferation up to 500% on day 10.Both MP and PP showed delayed proliferative effects much stronger than E on C13 cells. MP was the most potent growth stimulating paraben on C13 cells with a rank order of MP>PP>E. It is concluded that parabens are much toxic in human than thought before, but with a delayed toxicity pattern. More investigation on chronic uses of paraben containing products is required for the safety measurement of these compounds

Assessing occupational exposure of airborne PMs and TVOCs in the nail salons in Tehran city, Iran

There are concerns about the health of nail salon technicians due to the inherently harmful agents such as volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and released particles in the salons. For this reason, this study was conducted to investigate the occupational exposure of nail salon technicians to VOCs and particulate matters (PMs) in the nail salons in Tehran, Iran. In this cross-sectional study, indoor air quality and measurement continually Total VOCs and PMs in the various size of PM1-PM10 using PhoCheck Tiger and particle counter device investigated, respectively. site observation, and an interview with the manager in 49 salons in Tehran. Data was analyzed using SPSS software (version 22). Mean concentrations of PM1 with 2.56 μɡ/m3 was the lowest amount and PM10 with 346.86μɡ/m3 had the highest concentration. Also, the mean concentration of TVOCs was equal 2.61 ppm. The results of the regression model showed that there is a statistically significant between the number of services with airborne PMs (PM2.5), (p-Value≤0.050). In salons only with nail activities, the concentration of PM4 was less than the others, although this correlation was statistically significant just for PM1 (p-Value = 0.010). By implementing effective local exhaust ventilation systems equipped with dust collectors and utilizing safe products, the emission of particles and chemical compounds within salons can be significantly reduced

The effects of radiofrequency radiation on mice fetus weight, length and tissues

The public concern of harmful effects of radiofrequency radiation exposure, especially with rapid increase in the use of wireless and telecommunication devices, is increasing. Some studies show fetal and developmental abnormalities as the result of radiofrequency radiation exposure. We aimed to investigate possible teratogenic effects of radiofrequency in 915 MHz on mice fetus and protective role of vitamin C. 21 pregnant mice were divided into 3 groups. Control group was in normal condition without any stressor agent. Exposure group was exposed to 915 MHz RFR (8 h/day for 10 days) and 0.045 µw/cm2 power density. The exposure plus vitamin C group received 200 mg/kg vitamin C by gavage and was exposed to 915 MHz RFR (8 h/day for 10 days) and 0.045 µw/cm2 power density. The fetus weight, C-R length were measured by digital balance and caliper. Tissues were assessed after staining with H & E. Our results showed significant increase in fetus weight and C-R length and also enlarged liver, tail deformation in mice fetus in exposure group. Although usage of vitamin C caused significant decrease in mentioned parameters. The outcome of this study confirms the effects of radiofrequency radiation on growth parameters such as body weight, length and some tissues in mice fetuses and protective effect of vitamin C. However more studies on non-ionization radiation in different frequencies and severity, during pregnancy are needed to clarify the exact mechanisms of these changes and better protection. Keywords: Radiofrequency radiation, Mice fetus tissues, Vitamin C, Fetal and developmental abnormalitie

ArticleFTIR Determination of MiconazoleEffects on Mice Fetus Brain Tissue: FTIR determination of Miconazole effects on Mice fetus brain tissue

Miconazole is an imidazole antifungal agent, commonly applied topically to the skin or mucous membranes. The aim of this study was to examine the alternative method for gaining mechanism or the bimolecular changes caused by the possible teratogenic effects of Miconazole on mice fetus brain tissueusing FTIR-Microspectroscopy.The mice were injected with Miconazole(60 mg/Kg) on gestation day 9. Fetuses were dissected on day 15 of gestation and morphological and histological studies on thefetus were carried out. Sections (10 μm) of controland Miconazoletreated fetus brain tissue were used for FTIR measurement in the mid-infraredregion. The results were shown by spectra2ndderivativeand also subtracting from control spectra.A lower intensity in the lipid (2800–3000 cm-1) and amid I (1600–1800 cm-1) regions of Miconazole treated mice fetus brain tissue was observed compared to the control mice fetus brain tissue. No major spectral shifting was observed at amide I band, amide II band and nucleic acid regions.As a conclusion, FTIR-Microspectroscopycan be a useful tool forteratogenic measurement with a unique ability to identify the modified bimolecular structuresin mice fetus tissues

The effect of Noise on blood pressure and heart rate in an automotive industry

Introduction: One of the possible effects of occupational exposure to high noise is high blood pressure and cardiovascular disease. Aim of this study was to investigate the association between noise with blood pressure and heart rate in an automotive industry. Methods: 78 male workers who worked in an automobile factory, were participated. Blood pressure and heart rate were measured in the morning and in the middle of the day. All measurements were performed at three noise levels: 85-95, 75-85 and 65-75 dB. All data were analyzed using SPSS and MATLAB. Results: Post Hoc test showed that noise has the same effect on the average systolic and diastolic blood pressure (p= 0.733) but Box-whisker plot showed that after exposure, the variation range of blood pressure and heart rate are much more than the other groups. However, this project didn’t show any a specific correlation between the increase in noise level with heart rate but variance analysis showed that the noise level increase lead to changes in heart rate (p= 0.049).  Conclusions: Noise level in 75-85dB as same as 85-95 dB caused the changes in blood pressure and heart rate. Due to cardiovascular disease, it is recommended training programs for workers, reduced noise level and periodic monitoring of blood pressure of workers, especially with a history of hypertension

High inflammatory cytokines gene expression can be detected in workers with prolonged exposure to silver and silica nanoparticles in industries

Abstract Occupational health must be strictly considered in industries particularly in nanoparticle factories where workers were exposed to different types of chemicals. We measured the serum levels of inflammatory cytokines in workers who developed skin lesions after exposure to silver and silica nanoparticles. Using a questionnaire in this cross-sectional study, we identified 110 workers in nanoparticle industries who were exposed to silver and silica nanoparticles. We also included 40 healthy subjects as controls from the administrative department of the same factories who were not exposed to nanoparticles. Peripheral blood samples used to measure the mRNA levels of inflammatory cytokines by qRT-PCR. In comparison with the control group, the workers who developed skin lesions had significantly higher levels of interleukin IL4, IL6, IL8, and TNF-α, particularly after two or three decades of exposure to silver and silica nanoparticles. Participants who were exposed to silver had higher levels of IL6 and IL8 compared with those who were exposed to silica. Necessary measures must be considered to protect workers in nanoparticle industries against the potential toxic effects of these compounds. Our network pharmacology study suggests corresponding biochemical pathways for these disorders