Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Ti-Mo-Zr-Cr Biomedical Alloys by Powder Metallurgy

[EN] Titanium and its alloys have been widely used as biometals due to their excellent biocompatibility, corrosion resistance and moderate mechanical properties. Ti-15Mo-6Zr-based alloys and a series of Ti-15Mo-6Zr-xCr (x = 1, 2, 3, 4 wt.%) alloys were designed and fabricated by powder metallurgy for the first time to develop novel biomedical materials. The microstructure, internal porosity and mechanical properties of the sintered Ti-15Mo-6Zr and Ti-15Mo-6Zr-xCr alloys were investigated using scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) and bending and compression tests. The experimental results indicated that the microstructure and mechanical properties of these alloys changed as different Cr levels were added. The addition of small Cr levels further increased the β-phase stability, improving the properties of the Ti-15Mo-6Zr-xCr alloy. However, all of the alloys had good ductility, and the Ti-15Mo-6Zr-2Cr alloy had lower bending and compression moduli (31 and 23 GPa, respectively) than the Ti-15Mo-6Zr-based alloys (40 and 36 GPa, respectively). Moreover, the Ti-15Mo-6Zr-2Cr alloys exhibited higher bending and compression strength/modulus ratios, which were as large as 48.4 and 52.2, respectively; these were higher than those of the Ti-15Mo-6Zr-based alloy (41.3 and 33.6, respectively). In the search for a better implant material, β phase Ti-15Mo-6Zr-2Cr, with its low modulus, ductile properties and reasonably high strength, is a promising candidate.The authors thank the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness for financially supporting the research project MAT2014-53764-C3-1-R and the European Commission through the Erasmus Mundus scholarship program WELCOME. 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Analysis of Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Bi-Modal Nanoparticle-Reinforced Cu-Matrix

Bi-modal particles are used as reinforcements for Cu-matrix. Nano TiC and/or Al2O3 were mechanically mixed with Cu particles for 24 h. The Cu-TiC/Al2O3 composites were successfully produced using spark plasma sintering (SPS). To investigate the effect of TiC and Al2O3 nanoparticles on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Cu-TiC/Al2O3 nanocomposites, they were added, whether individually or combined, to the copper (Cu) matrix at 3, 6, and 9 wt.%. The results showed that titanium carbide was homogeneously distributed in the copper matrix, whereas alumina nanoparticles showed some agglomeration at Cu grain boundaries. The crystallite size exhibited a clear reduction as a reaction to the increase of the reinforcement ratio. Furthermore, increasing the TiC and Al2O3 nanoparticle content in the Cu-TiC/Al2O3 composites reduced the relative density from 95% for Cu-1.5 wt.% TiC and 1.5 wt.% Al2O3 to 89% for Cu-4.5 wt.% TiC and 4.5 wt.% Al2O3. Cu-9 wt.% TiC achieved a maximum compressive strength of 851.99 N/mm2. Hardness values increased with increasing ceramic content