UV-ANALYTICAL METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION FOR SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF DAPOXETINE HYDROCHLORIDE AND SILDENAFIL CITRATE IN TABLET DOSAGE FORM

Objective: The objective of this research was to develop and validate a simple ultraviolet (UV) spectrophotometric method for simultaneous determination of sildenafil citrate and dapoxetine hydrochloride in a pharmaceutical formulation.Methods: Two simple UV spectrophotometric methods have been developed for simultaneous determination of sildenafil citrate and dapoxetine hydrochloride. For both methods, stock solutions were prepared in methanol followed by the further required dilutions with methanol. Proposed dual-wavelength method and ratio derivative method, the wavelength of maximum absorption for sildenafil citrate and dapoxetine hydrochloride was 292 nm and 231 nm, respectively.Results: In both methods, the linearity range lies between 10 and 60 μg/ml for sildenafil citrate and 2–12 μg/mL for dapoxetine hydrochloride with their respective wavelengths. By dual-wavelength method, the percentage of sildenafil citrate and dapoxetine hydrochloride was found to be 101.3% and 100.3%, respectively.Conclusion: Result obtained in this research work clearly indicated that both these methods were found to be accurate, precise, stable, and robust as indicated by low values of percentage relative standard deviation. Thus, the present study gives an excellent method for the determination of both the drugs in combined tablet formulation

FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF FLOATING TABLET FOR INDOMETHACIN

The present study was aimed to formulate and evaluate floating tablets of indomethacin by wet granulation method. Indomethacin is used as a potent anti-inflammatory drug with prompt anti pyretic action, mainly used for the treatment of osteoarthritis with half-life of 4.5 hrs. Indomethacin is stable in neutral or slightly acidic media. In this study, excipients like HPMC 5cps, sodium bi carbonate were incorporated in a nine different concentrations (F1-F9) along with other excipients (PVP K30, lactose, talc, and magnesium stearate) to formulate floating tablets by wet granulation method. Then all the nine formulations were evaluated for uniformity of weight, hardness, thickness, friability test, floating lag time, drug content, dissolution studies and stability studies. The dissolution profile of trial-6 (formulation 6) was observed to be better than other formulations. In trial-6 indomethacin was formulated as a floating tablet by using HPMC 5cps (120 mg) as a matrix forming polymer and sodium bi carbonate (40 mg) as a gas generating agent. Trial-6 formulation showed a good dissolution profile for a controlled period of time which was noticed to be as 97.78 % at the end of 12th hour. Thus, it can be concluded that the floating drug delivery system of indomethacin using the appropriate polymers in right amount may enhance the activity of the drug by prolonging the gastric residence time or reducing the floating lag time. Keywords: Indomethacin, HPMC 5cps, Sodium bi carbonate

ANTIAGING COSMETICS

Antiaging is emerging class of cosmetics which combine the benefit of anti aging ingredients with the elegance skin feel and delivery system of cosmetics antioxidants, anti cellulites and anti microbial have been use in maintaining and enhancing human beauty. Anti aging ingredients also help to reduce the fine lines, increasing the moisture level and reduces wrinkles and puffness to keep the skin in good condition. New delivery system is a more effective solution for the skin aging resulting from photoaging. New vehicle like liposome and nanoparticles is a new generation for antioxidants with enhanced bioavailability and very stable activity. Our objective is to review present state of the art knowledge pertaining to mechanisms involved in skin aging, factor responsible for aging and various new ingredients use to treat aging defect

DESIGN, DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF LIPID BASED TOPICAL FORMULATIONS OF SILVER SULFADIAZINE FOR TREATMENT OF BURNS AND WOUNDS

Abstract: The aim of this research was to develop a novel lipid based film forming gel based on polymer and to investigate its potential as slow-release wound healing vehicle. The lipid based is composed of water soluble gel with model drug (Silver Sulfadiazine) and an egg oil, which acted as a remove scars. The morphology, rheology, mechanical properties, in-vitro drug release profiles were investigated. A smooth film layers was produced. The characterization results showed that film has superior mechanical and rheological properties than the ointment and cream. The lipid based gel treating low suppurating wounds and suitable for slow release application on wound surfaces. The lipid based gel also provided a significant higher healing rate in-vivo, with well-formed epidermis with faster granulation tissue formation when compared to the controls. In conclusions, a novel polymer-based lipid film gel was developed and results suggested that they can be exploited as slow-release wound dressings. Key Words: Wound healings, slow release, silver sulfadiazine and film ge

TECHNIQUES USED FOR BIOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATION IN RELATION TO FORENSIC ANALYSIS

The aim of this review was to apply the knowledge & technology of science for the definition & enforcement of such laws. The forensic analysis is investigation the crime and examines material evidence. In forensic analysis various biochemical investigation techniques are used to examine the crimes like Hair analysis, Polygraphic test, serology test and finger print analysis. Several instruments are used in forensic analysis like IR, Chromatography, UV and Mass spectrophotometer. The characterization results showed that Forensic pharmacists engage in work relating to litigation, the regulatory process, or the criminal justice system

FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF ORAL FLOATABLE IN-SITU GEL OF RANITEDINE HYDROCHLORIDE

Objective: The present investigation deals with the formulation, optimization and evaluation of sodium alginate based floating oral In situ gel of Ranitedine HCl. Sodium alginate used as a polymer and CaCO3 was used as a cross-linking agent. In-situ forming polymeric formulation drug delivery systems is in sol form before administration in the body, but once administered, undergoes gelation in-situ to form a gel. The formulation of gel depends upon factors like temperature modulation, pH changes, presence of ions and ultraviolet irradiation from which drug gets released in sustained and controlled manner. Methods: The objective of this study was to develop a novel in- situ gel system for sustained drug delivery using natural biodegradable polymers. The system utilizes polymers that exhibit sol-to-gel phase transition due to change in specific physicochemical parameters. Results: In-situ gel was formed at a gastric pH from designed set of experiments, it was evident that formulation containing 2 % of sodium alginate control the release of drug for longer duration. The in-situ gel exhibited the expected, viscosity, drug content, pH, in vitro gelling capacity, in vitro floating ability and sustained drug release. Conclusion: The formulated in situ gel for Ranitedine Hydrochloride was found to be stable in situ gel. It was found to have better floating efficacy and in vitro release profile characteristics. Better efficiency and results of batch F-6 gives newer alternative use of natural biodegradable polymers in situ gel formulation. Key Words: Oral In-situ gel, Sustained Release. Sodium alginate, Calcium Carbonate, Ranitedine HCl

Spectrophotometric determination of tizanidine and orphenadrine via ion pair complex formation using eosin Y

A simple, sensitive and rapid spectrophotometric method was developed and validated for the determination of two skeletal muscle relaxants namely, tizanidine hydrochloride (I) and orphenadrine citrate (II) in pharmaceutical formulations. The proposed method is based on the formation of a binary complex between the studied drugs and eosin Y in aqueous buffered medium (pH 3.5). Under the optimum conditions, the binary complex showed absorption maxima at 545 nm for tizanidine and 542 nm for orphenadrine. The calibration plots were rectilinear over concentration range of 0.5-8 μg/mL and 1-12 μg/mL with limits of detection of 0.1 μg/mL and 0.3 μg/mL for tizanidine and orphenadrine respectively. The different experimental parameters affecting the development and stability of the complex were studied and optimized. The method was successfully applied for determination of the studied drugs in their dosage forms; and to the content uniformity test of tizanidine in tablets

APPROACHES FOR TASTE MASKING USING STEVIA LEAF IN PHARAMCEUTICALS

Oral administration of pharmaceuticals is one of the most popular method of drug dilevery.Taste is an important factor in the development of dosage form. Many active Pharmaceutical ingredients are bitter and require some form of taste masking to yield palatable drug products. Proven methods for bitterness reduction and inhibition have resulted in improved palatability of oral pharmaceuticals. Several approaches like adding flavors and sweeteners, use of lipoproteins for inhibiting bitterness, coating of drug with inert agents, microencapsulation, multiple emulsion, viscosity modifiers, liposome, prodrug formation, salt formation, formation of inclusion and molecular complexes, solid dispersion system and application of ion exchange resins have been tried by the formulators to mask the unpleasant taste of the bitter drugs but these methods are highly cost effective. Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni, source of a high-potency natural sweetener and produces diterpene glycosides that are low calorie sweeteners, about 300 times sweeter than saccharose with addition inclusion of without interfere

Animal self-medication through natural sources

49-53The term ‘Zoopharmacognosy’ was coined to describe the process by which wild animals select and use specific plants with medicinal properties against ailments and prevention of disease. Early studies of zoopharmacognosy focused on the interactions between plants and the herbivores that consume them. The study of animal self-medication and ethno-medicinal practices may provide important leads to future sources of medicine. This paper highlights the existence, efficiency and self-medication in wild animals