Stress Analysis of a Stepped-Lap Bonded Repair Joint in Composite Laminate under Compressive Loading

With increasing the usage of advanced composite materials in aircraft structures, it is required to have a suitable repair technology for composite airframe. One of the primary requisites of the repair in such structures is that the repaired surface should not affect the aerodynamic contour. Adhesively bonded repair joints are generally preferred over mechanically fastened repair joints to avoid the stress concentration and achieve smooth aerodynamic surface. Significant numbers of research works have been carried on interface stress distributions for lap, butt and scarf adhesive repaired joints under the static tensile loading. However, the behavior of stepped-lap adhesive joints under compressive loading has not been fully understood and there are not many literatures available on this subject. The present work focuses on stress analysis of a laminate that is repaired through a stepped-lap joint repair scheme. The stress analysis has been carried out and stress distributions in the laminate, patch and adhesive were studied. In order to establish and validate the FE approach for analysis of stepped-lap repair joint subjected to compression, an experimental study also has been carried out. The strains from the analysis have been compared with the strains obtained from the test at important locations. Both the results have shown good agreement

FPGA Implementation of NPSF Testing Using Block Code Technique

This paper presents a test structure for high speed memories. Built in self test (BIST) give the solution for testing memories and associate hardware for test pattern generation and application for a variety of test algorithms. Memory test algorithm for neighborhood pattern sensitive faults (NPSF) is developed by using block code technique to identify the base cell and deleted neighborhood cells. Test pattern generation can be done by using LFSR and Euler pattern generation. The testing process is verified using Xilinx ISE 14.2 and implemented on Nexys 4 DDR Artix 7 FPGA board

Neuroimaging in eclamptic patients and its clinical implications

Background: Aim of the study is to assess the utility of neuroimaging (CT/MRI) in eclamptic patients and correlating their clinical implications and to study the role of Injection Mannitol in case of Eclampsia who did not respond to injection magnesium sulphate alone. Methods: This prospective study was conducted in Pannadhay Mahila Chikitsalya Udaipur, RNT Medical College Udaipur, Rajasthan. 50 eclamptic patients fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria were subjected to neuroimaging CT/MRI from August 2021 to August 2022. Injection Mannitol was added in eclamptic patients who did not respond to injection magnesium sulphate alone. Results: In this study neuroimaging were normal in 42% cases while 58% cases had pathological changes; PRES, haemorrhage, infarction, ischemia etc. Out of these PRES was seen in 48% cases. Mannitol was given in 14% patients and only one patient did not respond to mannitol. Conclusions: This study revealed that PRES was the main neurological component among patients. Neuroimaging helps in better management of eclampsia. Mannitol holds utility in managing the patients unresponsive to injection magnesium sulphate.

Modified biophysical profile in high-risk pregnancy and its correlation with perinatal outcome

Background: Aim of the present study was to evaluate the perinatal outcome in high-risk pregnancy with modified biophysical profile (MBPP). Methods: The study is observational study,65 high risk pregnant women fulfilling the inclusion criteria participated in the study. The study subjects were subjected to MBPP. Then perinatal outcomes were assessed in view of mode of delivery, maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Results: Out of 65 cases, 78.5% had normal NST, 80% had normal AFI.3 neonates got admitted in NICU. 13 women underwent LSCS, 9 had instrumental delivery and rest delivered vaginally normal. Conclusions: The study showed that HRPs with MBPP abnormal or any of MBPP parameter abnormal have higher chances of perinatal morbidity and mortality

A study on development of ear ossicles from prenatal to postnatal life of humans

Background: Malleus, incus and stapes are the three ear ossicles present in middle ear. The auditory ossicles of the middle ear have a fundamental role in transmission of sound. The aim of this study was to determine development of ear ossicles from prenatal to postnatal life which will be of great help for an ENT surgeon who should be well conversant with the anatomical details of middle ear prior to undertake reconstruction procedures for the improvement of sound conduction in conductive deafness.Methods: The study was conducted in 25 foetuses and 25 adult ossicles after removal from temporal bones of embalmed cadavers. Vernier caliperse was used to measure different morphometric parameters to study growth and development of ossicles.Results: Malleus: The average length of Malleus varies from 4 to 7.24mm in foetuses and adults respectively. The length of the anterior process was variable and some of the processes were quite long. Incus: The incus had minimum morphological variations in the ossicles. Its length ranges from 4.97-6.94mm. Stapes: The stapes had maximum morphological variations in the ossicles. The variations of stapes were in the neck, the cruses and the foot plate. The variations seen in stapes were no neck, a short or a long neck. The cruses of the stapes had symmetry or asymmetry. Length varies from 2.45-3.8mm.Conclusions: Ossicles at 20 weeks of prenatal life were cartilagenous, and at 24 weeks they were ossified and surrounded by mesenchyme. Postnatal changes were minimal. These parameters of Ossicles will help in designing of implants and treating hearing loss

Genetic Algorithm Based for Identification of Heart Disease Risk Factors

The purpose of this thesis was to examine heart disease Angina risk factors. In particular, this Thesis was organized around the central theme of adiposity, which is a prevalent Complication following SCI. Study focused on understanding the relationships between activities of daily living (ADL) and risk factors including central adiposity, lipoproteins, and triglycerides. Using genetic algorithm, while controlling for pertinent covariates such as sex, age, and leisure time physical activity (LTPA), it was found that Mobility ADL (wheeling and transferring) were negatively associated with total and LDL-cholesterol. Study also examined whether individuals who considered themselves to be overweight subsequently had less favorable subjective well-being, and were more likely to report specific secondary complications than individuals who did not consider themselves to be overweight. In summary, the findings suggest that a) participation in specific types of ADL (i.e. Mobility ADL) are associated with a lower risk and should be further explored) elevated perceived adiposity is associated with specific secondary complications and lower subjective well-being. Overall thesis findings support the overwhelming evidence of the benefits of daily physical activity and maintaining a healthy bodyweight in the SCI population DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.150512

Role of Post-Harvest Physiology in Evolution of Transgenic Crops

The increasing world population over few decades has led to increase in demand of food grains or agricultural commodities, thus possessing great impact on food security. Conventional farming approaches has been traditionally practiced but a lot of effort is required to make to enhance agricultural production. With changing climatic conditions plants are vulnerable to several stress factors. In order to combat such conditions, the agricultural systems are needed to be contemporary with advance and recent technologies. Crops after harvest are liable to a lot of changes which ultimately affect quality and quantity of produce, thus reducing economic value. Postharvest losses are decisive factors in reducing loss of produce and agricultural commodities. Thus in order to achieve maximum production, it is therefore essential to reduce postharvest losses and ensures proper management of postharvest products. Postharvest physiology is the science which deals with quantitative and qualitative study of physiology of agricultural products after harvesting. Biotechnological and transgenic approaches are the recent and emerging technologies that possess great impact on agricultural production. Transgenic technology like genome editing, CRISPR/Cas9, TILLING are successfully used in various species to enhance production, possess resistance to abiotic and biotic stresses, enhance shelf life and improve nutritional quality. Transgenic crops or Genetically modified crops (GMO) like tomato, brinjal, soybean, cassava etc are cultivated globally. These techniques therefore are promising means in establishing food security, increasing crop production, reducing postharvest losses, production of secondary metabolites, hormones and plantibodies

Prevalence of viral (HBV, HCV and HIV) co-infections among apparently healthy blood donors in Ranchi, Jharkhand, India

Background: Apparently healthy blood donors may carry double viral co-infections that might be more fatal than viral mono-infection for the donor himself as well as recipient later on.Methods: All blood samples were screened for HIV-I and II (4th generation kit), HBV and HCV (3rd generation kit) by using chemiluminescence technique (Manufacturer- Abbott, Model-Architect i 1000SR).Results: On screening of 41307 blood units, 829 (2.0%) donors were found positive for one of the viral infection (HBV, HCV and HIV). Highest prevalence was for HBV (417 donors- 1.0%) followed by HCV (324 donors- 0.78 %) and HIV (88 donors- 0.21 %).Conclusions: Apparently healthy blood donors might carry, life threatening, double viral co-infections in their blood. Failure to diagnose and treat co-infection at an early stage results in serious complications and sequelae. For safe blood transfusion all blood units should be tested for compatibility and TTI’s with reduction in unnecessary blood transfusion

Idiopathic gynaecomastia in twins: a case report

Gynaecomastia is a common pathological condition of breast seen in men. This is defined as benign enlargement of breast tissue in males. It was first described by Palus Aegineta (AD 635-690). Herewith we are presenting cases of 14 year old twins attending the surgical O.P.D with bilateral enlarged breasts and pain. A diagnosis of pubertal gynaecomastia was made with no evidence of malignancy by histopathological examinations and mammography. One boy with 5 x 6 cm of right breast and 2 x3 cm of left breast was treated by subcutaneous mastectomy. Other boy had only enlargement of nipple and areola. He was reassured and sent home without surgical intervention. A rare case of idiopathic gynaecomastia in pubertal twins is described here